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(Remote sensing assessment of earthquake disasters)
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Basic data
| Standard ID | DB/T 75-2018 (DB/T75-2018) |
| Description (Translated English) | (Remote sensing assessment of earthquake disasters) |
| Sector / Industry | Chinese Industry Standard (Recommended) |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | P15 |
| Word Count Estimation | 13,149 |
| Date of Issue | 2018-12-26 |
| Date of Implementation | 2019-03-01 |
| Regulation (derived from) | China Earthquake Administration Announcement (2018.12.26) |
| Issuing agency(ies) | China Earthquake Administration |
DBT75-2018: (Remote sensing assessment of earthquake disasters)
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
(Remote sensing assessment of earthquake disasters)
ICS 91.120.25P15
People's Republic of China Earthquake Industry Standard
DB/T 75-2018
Earthquake disaster remote sensing assessment of building damage
2018-12-26 released
Implementation of 19-03-01
Issued by China Earthquake Administration
Table of contents
Preface Ⅲ
Introduction Ⅳ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Basic regulations 1
5 Collection and processing of remote sensing images 3
6 Interpretation of signs 4
7 Building damage assessment method 7
8 Results evaluation and correction 7
9 Presentation of results 7
Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Remote Sensing Interpretation Results of Building Damage Category 8
Appendix B (Normative Appendix) Results of the investigation of building damage at the earthquake site 9
DB/T 75-2018
Foreword
This standard is one of the series of "Earthquake Disaster Remote Sensing Assessment". The standard structure and name of the series are expected to be as follows.
---Evaluation of earthquake disasters by remote sensing of earthquake disasters;
---Evaluation of building damage by remote sensing of earthquake disaster;
---Evaluation of highway earthquake damage by remote sensing of earthquake disaster;
---Remote sensing of earthquake disasters to evaluate railway system earthquake damage;
---Destruction of key targets for remote sensing assessment of earthquake disasters;
---Evaluation of earthquake disaster area by remote sensing of earthquake disaster;
---Evaluation of earthquake intensity by remote sensing of earthquake disaster;
---Evaluation of the direct economic loss of earthquake disaster by remote sensing;
---Earthquake disaster remote sensing evaluation product output technical requirements;
...
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1.Standard Structure and Compilation".
This standard was proposed by the China Earthquake Administration.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Seismic Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC225).
This standard was drafted by. Institute of Earthquake Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, Institute of Crustal Stress, China Earthquake Administration, Geological Research Institute of China Earthquake Administration
Research institute.
The main drafters of this standard. Dou Aixia, Wang Xiaoqing, Wang Long, Yuan Xiaoxiang, Zhang Jingfa, Shan Xinjian.
No. 5, Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration; zip code. 100081), and indicate contact information.
DB/T 75-2018
Introduction
After a severely destructive earthquake occurs, quickly and accurately determining the type, extent and scope of the earthquake disaster is the basis for the earthquake emergency rescue command and operation.
Important basis for movement. Remote sensing technology has the characteristics of all-time, all-weather, and not affected by the earthquake damage in the earthquake disaster area. Therefore, after the earthquake, the earthquake should be
In the emergency rescue, the disaster situation information of the earthquake-stricken area can be obtained quickly and comprehensively. There are many types and wide distribution of earthquake disasters, and different types of disaster information are provided.
There are obvious differences in the objects and methods of evaluation and evaluation, and it is difficult to adopt a single standard for regulation. For coordinated, orderly, efficient and accurate extraction and evaluation
To estimate the main types of earthquake disasters, it is necessary to standardize the methods, indicators, procedures and results of remote sensing evaluation.
Disaster Remote Sensing Assessment" series of standards.
The damage to buildings caused by the earthquake is an important basis for the assessment of the scope of the earthquake disaster area, the assessment of the earthquake intensity, and the assessment of the direct economic loss of the earthquake.
According to data, high-resolution remote sensing images enable detailed information about the destruction of buildings to be expressed more clearly. This standard is to summarize
Based on the spectral, geometric and texture characteristics of buildings and their damage levels on satellite-borne, airborne (including drones) optical and radar remote sensing images,
Refer to GB/T 24335-2009 "Classification of seismic damage of buildings (structures)", based on remote sensing interpretability and remote sensing interpretation of building damage
Developed with relevant technical achievements and practical application experience extracted. GB/T 24335-2009 Load-bearing components of buildings based on site survey
And the damage degree of non-load-bearing components, the damage level of the building is divided into five types. basically intact, slight damage, medium damage, severe damage and damage.
Levels. According to the damage characteristics of remote sensing image buildings, this standard divides damage categories into individual and group buildings. As remote sensing image
The load-bearing components of the building and the degree and quantity of damage cannot be directly seen. Therefore, the damage category in this standard cannot be completely related to
The damage level in GB/T 24335-2009 corresponds to the damage level. In most cases, the “uncollapsed” single building corresponds to “basically intact” and “light”.
"Slight damage" or "moderate damage", "partial collapse" corresponds to "destruction" or "serious damage", and "collapse" corresponds to "destruction".
DB/T 75-2018
Earthquake disaster remote sensing assessment of building damage
1 scope
This standard specifies the content, method and result expression of seismic damage assessment of buildings based on remote sensing.
This standard applies to the use of remote sensing to carry out building damage assessment.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 14950-2009 Terminology of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
GB 17740 Regulations on earthquake magnitude
GB/T 18207 (all parts) Terminology for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction
GB/T 18208.4-2011 Earthquake Field Work Part 4.Assessment of Direct Disaster Loss
GB/T 24335-2009 Classification of seismic damage levels of buildings (structures)
DB/T 80-2018 Earthquake disaster remote sensing evaluation product output technical requirements
3 Terms and definitions
3.1
3.2
4 Basic regulations
4.1 Rules for the use of magnitude and magnitude
4.1.1 The use of remote sensing to assess building damage should use the magnitude M specified in GB 17740.
4.1.2 Quantifiers are dense, sparse, overwhelmingly, overwhelmingly, overwhelmingly, overwhelmingly, very few, and individual. The range of corresponding numbers is defined by the following overlapping methods.
a) "Dense" is more than 40%;
b) "Sparse" is 10% to 45%;
c) "Overwhelming majority" is over 80%;
d) "Most" is 60% to 90%;
e) The "majority" is 40% to 70%;
f) "Minority" is 10% to 45%;
g) "Individual" is less than 10%.
Note. The overlap method is used to achieve robustness, that is, to avoid significant differences in the classification of results due to small changes in indicators.
4.2 Evaluation steps
The remote sensing assessment of building damage should be carried out according to the following steps.
a) Collection and processing of remote sensing images in earthquake-stricken areas;
b) Building damage assessment;
c) Evaluation and correction of evaluation results.
4.3 Types of buildings
4.3.1 Types of single buildings
Considering the seismic capacity of buildings and the interpretability of remote sensing, single buildings are divided into the following types.
a) High-rise buildings. steel frame structures with more than 8 stories (inclusive), steel frame-support structures, reinforced concrete frame structures, reinforced concrete frame-shear wall structures and reinforced concrete shear wall structures;
b) Multi-storey buildings. 3-story to 7-story masonry structure, frame structure, bottom frame and inner frame structure, etc.;
c) Low buildings. 1 to 2 floors of masonry structure, brick wood structure, civil structure, wood structure, earth and stone structure and other buildings;
d) Industrial workshop. steel structure, reinforced concrete column bent structure and brick column bent structure workshop, etc.;
e) Large empty houses. large bent frame houses or empty houses. Such as large stadiums, theaters, clubs, auditoriums, etc.;
f) Other houses. simple houses, cave dwellings containing soil, simple stone wall bearing houses, etc.
4.3.2 Main types of group buildings
4.3.2.1 The extraction unit for group building damage should be selected from blocks, natural villages and other areas where the natural state is distributed.
4.3.2.2 The main types of group buildings are expressed by extracting the number of buildings in the unit or the type of single buildings of the same type with the largest area.
4.4 Types of building damage
4.4.1 Single buildings are classified into the following three types of damage based on the degree of damage and their remote sensing characteristics.
a) Collapse;
b) Partial collapse;
c) Not collapsed.
4.4.2 When the relatively minor damage of a single building can be identified by remote sensing, its uncollapsed category can be further subdivided into.
a) Not collapsed (with obvious signs of damage);
b) Not collapsed (no obvious signs of damage).
4.4.3 Group buildings are classified into the following three types of damage according to the degree of damage and the performance of remote sensing characteristics.
a) Dense collapse;
b) Sparse collapse;
c) No collapse.
4.4.4 When the detailed damage of group buildings can be identified by remote sensing, the damage category can be further subdivided. Among them, the dense collapse category
Subdivided into.
a) Most of them collapsed;
b) Most collapsed;
c) Most of them collapsed.
5 Collection and processing of remote sensing images
5.1 Remote sensing image collection
5.1.1 The airborne (including drones) or spaceborne high-spatial resolution remote sensing images collected after the earthquake should cover the earthquake-stricken area.
Bad range.
5.1.2 Remote sensing images should include image data files and image data description files. The format of image data files should meet the requirements of general remote sensing image processing.
Management software requirements.
5.1.3 The remote sensing image shall include the following descriptive information.
a) The name of the data source;
b) Sensor type;
c) Data acquisition time;
d) Band information;
e) Spatial resolution;
f) Data format;
g) coverage;
h) Camera parameters, satellite orbit parameters (or aircraft flight control parameters).
5.1.4 The remote sensing image should be processed with radiometric correction and geometric correction.
5.2 Resolution requirements
5.2.1 When collecting remote sensing images for interpretation of building damage, comprehensive consideration should be given to earthquake intensity, damage to individual buildings or group buildings
Interpretation methods, available remote sensing images and other factors, determine the minimum spatial resolution according to Table 1.
5.2.2 When using remote sensing images to automatically or semi-automatically identify building damage categories, the resolution of remote sensing images or appropriate
Reduce the resolution.
5.3 Remote sensing image processing
5.3.1 Processing scope
5.3.1.1 The range of remote sensing image processing should be determined according to the magnitude of the earthquake. The requirements are as follows.
a) For earthquakes with M≥8.0 magnitude, priority should be given to all county-level and above-level earthquakes within a radius of 100 km to 240 km with the epicenter as the center.
Images of Shangcheng City and some township-level resident areas close to the epicenter area;
b) For earthquakes of magnitude 7.0≤M< 8.0, priority should be given to all counties within a radius of 50km to 120km with the epicenter as the center.
DB/T 75-2018
Images of cities at level and above and some township-level residents close to the epicenter area;
c) For earthquakes with magnitude 6.0≤M＜7.0, priority should be given to all villages and towns within a radius of 25km to 60km with the epicenter as the center.
Images of resident sites and some villages at level and above.
5.3.1.2 When the location and direction of the seismogenic structure can be effectively determined, the range of data processing perpendicular to the strike of the seismostructure can be taken as 5.3.1.
1/2 of the specified range.
5.3.1.3 When the accurate range of the severely-affected area can be determined, the remote sensing image of the residential area in the range should be processed first. Residential area according to
Choose according to 5.3.1.1.
5.3.2 Processing requirements
5.3.2.1 Use large-scale digital topographic maps or orthophoto remote sensing images, or digital elevation model data as a reference to perform several measurements on remote sensing images.
He fine correction and orthorectification.
5.3.2.2 When there are multi-temporal remote sensing images of the earthquake-stricken area, a certain temporal image should be used as the reference, and other temporal images should be registered.
5.3.2.3 Re-sampling, image mosaic, and fusion processing of remote sensing images shall be carried out as needed.
5.3.2.4 According to the features of the remote sensing image of the building to be identified, one or more spectral enhancement and space enhancement methods should be selected to perform the
To process.
5.3.2.5 According to the different needs of damage discrimination and application, the image compression, target area sub-image extraction, etc. should be processed to reduce data
To improve the timeliness of image transmission, preprocessing, disaster information extraction, and result mapping.
6 Interpretation mark
6.1 Remote sensing interpretation signs of building types
The signs for remote sensing interpretation of building types include the scale, geometry, shadow length, roof texture, and
The image features such as color are described in Table 2.
6.2 Remote sensing interpretation signs of building damage
6.2.1 Remote sensing interpretation sign for damage of single building
The remote sensing interpretation signs for the destruction of a single building include the geometric shape, spatial layout, shadow, tone, and architecture of the single building on the remote sensing image.
The image characteristics of the deposits around the building are described in Table 3.When the resolution of remote sensing image is higher, the single building has not collapsed.
The remote sensing interpretation signs are shown in Table 4.
6.2.2 Remote sensing interpretation signs for group building damage
The remote sensing interpretation signs of group building damage include the overall layout of the buildings in the damage extraction unit on the remote sensing image, and the collapsed and uncollapsed buildings.
The spatial distribution characteristics of buildings, etc., are described in Table 5.When the resolution of remote sensing images is high, the clusters of buildings are densely packed and sparsely classified
See Table 6 for other remote sensing interpretation signs.
7 Building damage assessment method
7.1 Visual interpretation
7.1.1 When evaluating the damage category of a single building, draw the outline of the building or mark the center point one by one based on the remote sensing image, estimate the area of the building, and determine the building based on the interpretation signs specified in 6.1 Type, determine the building damage category according to the interpretation signs specified in 6.2.1, and fill in the interpreted building area, type and damage category in Table A. 1 in.
7.1.2 When assessing the category of group building damage, the boundary of the group building or the center point shall be drawn in comparison with the remote sensing image, according to 4.3.2 and
The provisions of 6.1 determine the main building types of the damage extraction unit, determine the building damage types of the damage extraction unit according to the interpretation signs specified in 6.2.2, and fill in the main building types and damage categories to be interpreted Table A. 2 in.
7.2 Automatic or semi-automatic extraction
7.2.1 When the remote sensing images before and after the earthquake are collected at the same time, the change detection method should be adopted; when the remote sensing images only after the earthquake, the supervised or unsupervised classification, object-oriented classification and other methods should be adopted.
7.2.2 The space location of the building should be identified, the floor area of the building should be estimated, and the building type and damage category should be determined. The damage assessment results of single buildings are in accordance with Table A. 1 To fill in, the evaluation results of group building damage shall be in accordance with Table A. 2 Fill in.
7.2.3 The selection of classification samples required by the extraction method should follow the provisions of Chapter 6 Interpretation Signs.
8 Results evaluation and correction
8.1 Evaluation and correction of evaluation results
Single or group damage results extracted by automatic or semi-automatic identification methods, and group building damage results that are quickly visually interpreted
As a result, the building damage earthquake site survey data or the local higher-resolution remote sensing image visual interpretation results should be used for accuracy evaluation and
Fix.
8.2 Earthquake site investigation and result revision
8.2.1 According to the remote sensing interpretation results of the type of building and its damage category, select parts of the earthquake-stricken area to conduct an investigation of the damage of buildings on the earthquake site.
8.2.2 The contents of the earthquake site investigation should include the type of building structure, building area, number of floors, construction year, use, damage level, etc., in accordance with Table B. 1 Fill in the questionnaire and take typical damage photos.
8.2.3 The type of building structure for earthquake site investigation shall be divided into steel structure, reinforced concrete structure, masonry structure, brick-wood structure and civil engineering in accordance with the provisions of 4.3.1 in GB/T 18208.4-2011.Stone structures, industrial plants, public empty houses.
8.2.4 The damage level of the buildings in the earthquake site investigation shall be divided into 5 categories. damage, severe damage, moderate damage, slight damage and basically intact according to the provisions of GB/T 24335-2009 in 3.4.
8.2.5 Accuracy evaluation and correction of building types and damage categories interpreted by remote sensing shall be carried out based on the results of the earthquake site investigation.
9 Presentation of results
9.1 The result of building damage assessment should include the main attribute information such as building type, damage category, number of floors, and floor space.
9.2 The results of building damage assessment shall be expressed in the following form.
a) The damage assessment result of a single building should be expressed in point or area vector geospatial data;
b) The damage assessment result of the group building should be expressed in the center point of the damage extraction unit or the area vector geospatial data.
9.3 The data format of the building damage assessment results should meet the requirements of DB/T 80-2018 for drawing and report writing.
Appendix A
(Normative appendix)
Remote sensing interpretation results of building damage categories
...
