YD/T 2653-2013 PDF English
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Product standard to demonstrate the compliance of short range devices(SRD) and similar applications related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields (1OHz~30MHz)
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YD/T 2653-2013: Product standard to demonstrate the compliance of short range devices(SRD) and similar applications related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields (1OHz~30MHz)
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/YDT2653-2013
YD
COMMUNICATION INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.280
M 09
Product standard to demonstrate the compliance of short
range devices (SRD) and similar applications related to
human exposure to electromagnetic fields (10Hz~30MHz)
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 17, 2013
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2014
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's
Republic of China
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 Exposure limits ... 6
5 Assessment process ... 8
6 Assessment criteria ... 10
Annex A (normative) Derivation of low power exclusion levels for ICNIRP and IEEE
exposure limitations ... 11
Annex B (normative) Assessment on electromagnetic exposure of wireless power
device ... 13
Annex C (normative) Electromagnetic exposure assessment of near field
communication equipment ... 17
Annex D (normative) Assessment on electromagnetic exposure of radio frequency
identification device... 19
Product standard to demonstrate the compliance of short
range devices (SRD) and similar applications related to
human exposure to electromagnetic fields (10Hz~30MHz)
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the compliance of short-range devices and similar applications
related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields.
This Standard applies to short-range devices and wireless devices for similar
applications. The frequency range is 10Hz to 30MHz. Similar products such as wireless
power supply equipment, near field communication equipment, radio frequency
identification equipment can refer to this Standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
YD/T 2347-2011, Measurement methods for electromagnetic fields of household
appliances and similar apparatus with regard to human exposure
IEC 62311-2008, Assessment of electronic and electrical equipment related to
human exposure restrictions for electromagnetic fields (0Hz~300GHz)
IEC 62479-2010, Assessment of the compliance of low-power electronic and
electrical equipment with the basic restrictions related to human exposure to
electromagnetic fields
ICNIRP Guidelines-1998, Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying
Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300GHz)
ICNIRP Guidelines-2010, Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying
Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (1Hz~ 100kHz)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
SAR - The specific absorption rate, in watts per kilogram;
E - The rms value of the electric field strength in the tissue, in volts per meter;
σ - The medium conductivity, in Siemens per meter;
ρ - The tissue density, in grams per cubic meter;
ch - The specific heat capacity of tissue, in joules per kilogram and kelvins;
- The differential of temperature at the initial moment in the tissue with respect to
time, in Kelvin per second.
3.4 Occupational Exposure Limitations
Apply to all electric, magnetic and electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure limits to
which individuals are exposed in the course of their work.
3.5 General Public Exposure Limitations
The limits for exposure to all electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields that apply
to the general public, excluding exposures at work and in medical procedures.
4 Exposure limits
4.1 Requirements for basic restrictions
See Table 1 and Table 2 for the basic restrictions of electromagnetic exposure within
the frequency range covered by this Standard. In the 100kHz to 10MHz band, both the
basic restrictions for induced electric field and specific absorption rate shall be met. For
electric or magnetic fields including transients or very short-term peaks, the induced
electric field limits recommended by ICNIRP shall be considered as instantaneous
values and not time averaged.
6 Assessment criteria
If the technology used in the equipment does not generate electric fields, magnetic fields
or touch currents above the reference level values in the position normally occupied by
the user (for example: there are no touchable conductive parts, or touchable conductive
parts are permanently earthed), the device is then considered to meet the requirements
of this Standard with respect to electric fields, magnetic fields or touch currents without
further evaluation.
Laboratory measurement techniques and computational modeling can be used for
demonstration of compliance with the limits.
Use the phase center of the probe as the reference point for the test distance. Usually,
the test is carried out at a distance of 30cm from the phase center of the measuring probe
to the boundary of the device under test. Or test according to the usage distance declared
by the manufacturer. This manufacturer's declaration needs to be documented in the
report.
For very localized sources of exposure, within a few centimeters of the body, a realistic
approach when conducting exposure assessments is to assess doses to induced electric
fields on a case-by-case basis. When the distance becomes larger, the localization of the
field distribution will weaken. If the distribution is still non-uniform, the exposure of
the body or part of the body can be spatially averaged. Compare with the reference
levels.
For the assessment of short-range devices used in industry and workplaces,
occupational exposure limitations shall be followed.
For the assessment of short-range devices other than work and medical applications,
public exposure limitations shall be followed.
Determine the specific test configuration according to the different configurations of
short-range devices. Measure the maximum electromagnetic exposure value. The
assessment of exposure shall be representative of the test set-up for the typical operating
conditions of short-range devices. Record the test arrangement in the report. For the
exposure assessment of wireless power supply equipment, it shall be carried out
according to the test arrangement specified in Annex B. For the exposure assessment of
near-field communication equipment, follow the test arrangement specified in Annex
C. For the exposure assessment of radio frequency identification equipment, according
to the test arrangement specified in Annex D.
Annex C
(normative)
Electromagnetic exposure assessment of near field communication equipment
C.1 Background of near field communication technology
Near Field Communication (NFC), also known as short-range wireless communication,
is a short-range high-frequency wireless communication technology. It allows
contactless peer-to-peer data transfer between electronic devices. Generally, it
exchanges data within no more than 20cm.
This technology evolved from contactless radio frequency identification (RFID). It was
jointly developed by Philips and Sony. Its basis is RFID and interconnection technology.
Near field communication is a short-range high-frequency radio technology. The
operating frequency is 13.56MHz. Its transmission speed has three types: 106 kbit/s,
212 kbit/s or 424 kbit/s. At present, the near field communication has passed the
1SO/IEC IS 18092, the EMCA-340 and the ETSI TS 102 190. NFC has two modes of
reading: active and passive.
There are three working modes of NFC:
Card emulation: This mode is actually an IC card using RFID technology. It can
replace a large number of IC cards (including credit cards) in shopping malls, bus
cards, access control, bus tickets, tickets. In this mode, there is a great advantage.
That is, the card is powered by an RF signal from a contactless reader, allowing it to
work even if the host device (such as a mobile phone) is out of power.
P2P mode: This mode is similar to other wireless data transmission technologies. It
is available for data exchange. But the transmission distance is shorter, the
transmission creation speed is faster, the transmission speed is also faster, and the
power consumption is low (similar to Bluetooth). Linking two devices with NFC
function can realize peer-to-peer data transmission, such as downloading music,
exchanging images or synchronizing device address book. Therefore, through NFC,
multiple devices such as digital cameras, PDAs, computers and mobile phones can
exchange data or services.
Reader/writer mode: It is used as a non-contact card reader, such as reading relevant
information from posters or electronic tags for exhibition information.
C.2 Test configuration for NFC device
For the tested equipment exceeding the low power exclusion level in Annex A, an
electromagnetic exposure assessment test is required. NFC devices need to be tested in
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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