TB/T 1013-2011 PDF English
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| TB/T 1013-2011 | English | 150 |
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Carbon cast steel wheel
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Technical code for railway photovoltaic power generating systems
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TB/T 1013-2011: Carbon cast steel wheel---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/TBT1013-2011
TB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 45.060.20
S 50
Replacing TB/T 1013-1999
Carbon cast steel wheel
Issued on: SEPTEMBER 11, 2012
Implemented on: JANUARY 1, 2013
Issued by. Ministry of Railways of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Type size limit deviations and tolerance ... 6
4 Technical requirements and inspection methods ... 8
5 Marks ... 18
6 Inspection rules ... 20
7 Quality certificate ... 22
8 Use limit... 22
9 Packaging and transport ... 23
Annex A ... 24
Annex B ... 30
Annex C ... 32
Annex D ... 33
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces TB/T 1013-1999 Technical conditions of carbon cast
steel wheel.
Compared with TB/T 1013-1999, besides editorial changes, the main technical
changes are as follows.
- Modified structure of standard content; merged inspection method and
technical requirements into a clause;
- Added ZL-C wheel steel number and corresponding technical indicators
(see Table 2 and Table 4 of this edition);
- Added requirements for microelements in chemical composition (see
Table 2 of this edition);
- Added uniform heat treatment requirements (see 4.4 of this edition);
- Added requirements for microstructure, crystal granularity, and
microscopic purity (see 4.5 of this edition);
- Deleted re-inspection rules (see Clause 13 of 1999 edition);
- Modified “wheel ultrasonic testing” (see 4.8, Annex A of this edition; 10.7
of 1999 edition;
- Modified “wheel magnetic particle inspection” (see 4.9, Annex B of this
edition; 10.8 of 1999 edition);
- Modified “removal method of wheel unbalance” (see Annex C of this
edition; 10.10 of 1999 edition);
- Modified “shot peening” (see 4.10 of this edition, Annex A of 1999 edition).
This Standard was proposed by and shall be under the jurisdiction of China
Ministry of Railways Institute of Measurement Standards.
Drafting organizations of this Standard. Metal and Chemical Sciences Institute
of China Academy of Railway, China Ministry of Railways Institute of
Measurement Standards, Datong ABC Casting Co., Ltd..
Main drafters of this Standard. Fu Xiuqin, Zhu Mei, Song Guoxiang, Zhang
Hong, Tu Zhankuan, Yu Xuefeng, Zhang Bin, Cong Tao, Li Lianxiu.
This Standard replaces the following previous standards.
Carbon cast steel wheel
1 Scope
This Standard specifies type size limit deviation and tolerance, technical
requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marks, packaging, transport and
quality certificate of carbon cast steel wheel for railway freight car.
This Standard is applicable to carbon cast steel wheel for railway freight car of
which running speed is less than or equals to 120 km/h.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB/T 223 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy
GB/T 226-1991 Test method for macrostructure and defect of steel by
etching
GB/T 228-2002 Metallic Materials - Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature
GB/T 229-2007 Metallic Materials - Charpy Pendulum Impact Test Method
(eqv ISO 148-1.2006 Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part
1. Test method, MOD)
GB/T 231.1-2009 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1. Test
method (ISO 6506-1.2005, MOD)
GB/T 4336-2002 Standard Test Method for Spark Discharge Atomic
Emission Spectrometric Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel (Routine
Method)
GB/T 6394-2002 Metal-methods for estimating the average grain size
GB/T 9445-2008 Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certification of
personnel (ISO 9712.2005, IDT)
GB/T 13298-1991 Metal - Inspection Method of Microstructure
GB/T 15822.3-2005 Non-destructive testing - Magnetic particle testing -
Part 3. Equipment (ISO 9934-3.2002, IDT)
GB/T 18838.3-2008 Preparation of steel substrates before application of
paints and related products-Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning
abrasives - Part 3. High-carbon cast-steel shot and grit (ISO 11124-3.1993,
IDT)
GB/T 18838.4-2008 Preparation of steel substrates before application of
paints and related products - Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning
abrasives - Part 4. Low-carbon cast-steel shot (ISO 11124-4.1993, IDT)
GB/T 20066-2006 Steel and Iron-Sampling and Preparation of Samples for
the Determination of Chemical Composition (ISO 14284.1996, IDT)
HG/T 2453-1993 Phenolic varnish
JB/T 10061-1999 Commonly used specification for A-mode ultrasonic flaw
detector using pulse echo technique
JB/T 10062-1999 Testing methods for performance of probes used in
ultrasonic flaw detection
JB/T 10174-2008 Methods of quality inspection on shot-peening for steel-
iron parts
TB/T 499-2003 Locomotive wheel rim tread profile
ASTM E1245-03 Standard Practice for Determining the Inclusion or
Second-Phase Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic Image Analysis
3 Type size limit deviations and tolerance
3.1 Wheel manufacturer shall produce and inspect according to the pattern
approved by prescribed procedures. Wheel type schematic diagram and
dimensions symbol are shown in Figure 1. Wheel dimensions tolerances are
shown in Table 1.
3.2 It uses LM type rim tread profile specified in TB/T 449-2003.
Hardness inspection shall be conducted on 3 points equally spaced
circumferentially on the outer surface of rim. The indentation shall be obtained
on the same diameter in the area specified in Figure 5. The inspection method
shall be the one specified in GB/T 231.1-2009. Press-ball diameter is 10 mm.
4.5 Microstructure, crystal granularity and microstructure purity
4.5.1 Requirements
4.5.1.1 Microstructure
After wheel rim is quenching and tempering, its structure shall be fine pearlite.
A small amount of ferrite along grain boundary is allowed. There shall be no
other harmful texture which affect wheel performance.
4.5.1.2 Crystal granularity
Crystal granularity shall not be less than grade 6.
4.5.1.3 Microstructure purity
It shall record the percentage of average and severe regional oxide plus holes
and sulfide area. When the average oxide plus holes of 6 classic sample
inspections exceed 0.100%, or the percentage of oxide plus hole in the worst
area of any sample or sulfide percentage exceeds 0.750%, it shall inspect
smelting and casting system, so as to exclude the reason which affects
microscopic purity.
4.5.2 Sampling position
4.5.2.1 Sampling position for microstructure, crystal granularity inspection
determination is shown in Figure 6. The inspection surface shall be parallel to
the outer side of rim.
be no white spots, cracks or metal foreign material.
4.6.2 Specimen
Wheel macrostructure inspection specimen is the entire cross section at wheel
radius direction.
4.6.3 Inspection method
Conduct the inspection according to the method specified in GB/T 226-1991.
4.7 Residual stress
4.7.1 Requirements
There shall be residual stress in wheel after heat treatment. When it uses
cutting method to inspect, such stress shall make the distance between two
marking points after cutting reduced for 1 mm.
4.7.2 Specimen
The specimen shall be the entire wheel after heat treatment.
4.7.3 Inspection method
When it uses cutting method to conduct residual stress inspection, impact two
marking points at the center of the thickness of inner side of wheel rim for
inspection. The spacing is 100 mm. Then cut from rim top along with hub hole
direction. It may use saw or flame to cut. The cutting width shall be less than 2
mm. The cutting face shall be in the middle of two marking points. Inspect the
residual stress by measuring the reduction of distance between two marking
points.
4.8 Ultrasonic flaw inspection
4.8.1 Requirements
4.8.1.1 It shall perform ultrasonic flaw inspection to each wheel. Ultrasonic
flaw inspection shall use automatic scanning system, after the final heat
treatment.
4.8.1.2 There shall be no defect which is greater than or equals to echo
amplitude which is 12 dB less than same depth Φ3 mm bottom hole echo
amplitude.
4.8.1.3 During axis attenuation inspection, bottom wave attenuation shall not
be greater than or equals to the echo loss caused by spherical concavity of
which the diameter is 10 mm, depth is 3 mm.
4.8.2 Inspection method
Inspection method of wheel ultrasonic f...
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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