NB 31089-2016 PDF in English
NB 31089-2016 (NB31089-2016) PDF English
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Code for design of fire protection for wind farms
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NB 31089-2016: PDF in English NB 31089-2016
ENERGY INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
P 61
Registration number: J2181-2016
P NB 31089-2016
Code for design of fire protection for wind farms
ISSUED ON: JANUARY 07, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 01, 2016
Issued by: National Energy Administration
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 5
1 General provisions ... 6
2 Terms ... 7
3 Wind turbine generators and unit transformers ... 8
4 Transmission line ... 10
5 Step-up substation ... 11
5.1 Building fire fighting ... 11
5.2 Fire water supply ... 29
5.3 Heating, ventilation, air conditioning, smoke control and smoke exhaust ... 35
5.4 Fire extinguishers and sand box distribution ... 39
5.5 Electrical fire fighting ... 40
Appendix A Classification of fire hazard ... 49
Explanation of wording in this Code ... 51
List of normative standards ... 52
Code for design of fire protection for wind farms
1 General provisions
1.0.1 To prevent wind farm fire hazards, reduce fire hazards, protect personal
and property safety, this Code is hereby formulated.
1.0.2 This Code applies to the newly-built, re-built, expanded onshore wind
farms.
1.0.3 The firefighting design of wind farm shall follow the relevant current state
and industrial policies, take into account the specific conditions of the project,
from the overall situation, take all factors into consideration, actively adopt new
technologies, new processes, new materials and new equipment, to ensure
safety and application, advanced technology, economical rationality.
1.0.4 The firefighting design of wind farm shall be based on the principle of
"prevention coming first, combination of prevention and elimination, based on
self-rescue". On the basis of strengthening fire monitoring and alarm, it shall
consider as a whole the firefighting measures of the critical fire prevention
locations such as the wind turbine generator's nacelle and tower, unit
transformer, power cable, main transformer, power distribution device room,
central control room, relay protection room, DC disk room, battery compartment,
file room, all kinds of warehouses in the wind farm.
1.0.5 In addition to complying with this Code, the firefighting design of wind farm
shall also comply with the requirements of relevant national standards.
2 Terms
2.0.1 Production building
In the step-up substation, the process equipment room to finish the power
supply and distribution as well as power substation functions.
2.0.2 Office and life building
In the step-up substation, a building that serves the operation and management
of wind farms.
2.0.3 Wind turbine generator
A device consisting of wind turbine blades, nacelles, towers and control
systems that continuously convert wind energy into electrical energy.
2.0.4 Nacelle
A closed space enclosed by a nacelle cover supported by a tower. It contains
such components as spindle assembly, lubrication and cooling system, gearbox,
brake system, coupling, generator, hoist, wind vane, anemometer, yaw bearing,
yaw drive, cabin base, lighting system, transmission cable, control cabinet, etc.
2.0.5 Tower
The structure supporting the wind turbine blades and the nacelle, which is
generally hollow cylindrical with ladders, lighting systems and transmission
cables.
3 Wind turbine generators and unit transformers
3.0.1 The use of materials shall meet the following requirements:
1. Hydraulic system and lubrication system shall use oil product that is not easy
to burn or has a burning point (flash point) higher than the operating
temperature of the wind turbine.
2. For flammable materials in wind turbine generators, it shall add a fire
protection layer and keep it as far as possible from the fire source.
3. Wind turbine generators shall choose flame-retardant cables with flame-
retardancy or low-smoke, low-toxicity and corrosion-resistance.
3.0.2 The configuration of fire detection and fire suppression systems shall
comply with the following requirements:
1. The automatic detection and alarm system of the fire hazard shall be
installed in the nacelle of the wind turbine generator, the lower part of
the nacelle's platform baseplate, the tower and vertical cable tray, the
equipment layer at the bottom of the tower, all kinds of electrical
cabinets.
2. The automatic detection and alarm system's alarm signal should be
connected to the wind turbine generator's central control system and
transmitted to the monitoring system of the step-up substation of the wind
farm.
3. The automatic firefighting device shall be configured in the nacelle of
the wind turbine generator, the lower part of the nacelle's platform
baseplate, the hub, the equipment layer at the bottom of the tower,
various types of electrical cabinets.
4. The automatic fire extinguishing device shall have an alarm and linkage
contact and transmit an alarm signal to the monitoring system.
5. Fire detection alarms and firefighting devices shall consider the
characteristics of the unit and internal environmental factors, such as
temperature, humidity, vibration, dust, etc. Extinguishant shall be selected
according to the type of flammable materials.
6. The wind turbine generator's nacelle and at the bottom of the tower shall be
equipped with not less than 2 portable fire extinguishers.
3.0.3 The configuration of the unit transformer shall comply with the following
provisions:
4 Transmission line
4.0.1 The overhead lines in the wind farm shall not cross warehouse areas
where flammable and explosive dangerous goods are stored. The minimum
horizontal distance from the overhead lines and the category A workshops,
warehouses, stacks of flammable materials, category A and B liquid storage
tanks, LPG storage tanks, flammable and combustion gas storage tanks shall
not be less than 1.5 times the height of the pole (tower).The minimum horizontal
distance between the overhead line and the category C liquid storage tank shall
not be less than 1.2 times the height of the pole (tower). The minimum
horizontal distance between overhead lines above 35 kV and liquefied
petroleum gas single tanks which have a capacity exceeding 200 m3 or a total
volume exceeding 1000 m3 shall not be less than 40 m.
4.0.2 The power cable shall not be laid in the same pipe trench with the pipes
which deliver category A, B and C liquid, inflammable gas pipe, thermal pipes.
with a fire endurance of not less than 2.00 h. Above the doors, windows,
openings on the exterior walls of the garages and repair garages, it shall
provide non-combustible fireproof eaves. The height of the wall between the
upper and lower windows of the exterior wall shall not be less than 1.2 m.
The width of the fireproof eave shall not be less than 1 m; the fire endurance
shall not be lower than 1.00 h. When the repair parking space is set in the
garage, the firewall and the non-combustible floor slab with a fire endurance
of not less than 2.00 h shall be used between the parking part and the repair
part.
3. When setting up the kitchen in the office and life building, the partition wall
shall be made of non-combustible materials with a fire endurance of not less
than 2.00 h. The doors and windows on the partition wall shall be category B
fire doors and windows, at a position far away from the supporting production
buildings. When there are other houses on the upper floor of the kitchen, a
fire-proof eaves with a width of not less than 1 m shall be provided above the
opening of the exterior wall.
4. The diesel generator room should be arranged on the first floor and the
basement of the building. It shall use the non-combustible partition wall with
a fire endurance of not less than 2.00 h and the non-combustible floor slab
with a fire endurance of not less than 1.50 h to separate it from other parts.
The door shall be category A fire door. When the oil storage room shall be set
in the equipment room, the total storage capacity shall not exceed 1 m3. The
oil tank of the oil storage room shall be sealed and have the vent pipe leading
to outdoor. The vent pipe shall be equipped with a breathing valve with a
flame arrester. The lower part of the fuel tank shall be provided with facilities
to prevent oil from escaping. The oil storage room shall be separated from
the generator room by a firewall. When the door must be opened on the
firewall, it shall provide the category A fire doors.
5. When setting up offices and lounges in category C production buildings, it
shall use the fireproof partition wall with a fire endurance of not less than 2.50
h and the fireproof floor slab with a fire endurance of not less than 1.00 h to
separate it from the process equipment room, meanwhile it shall provide at
least one independent safety exit. If a door that connects to each other is
required on the partition wall, it shall use the category B fire door.
6. When setting up a category C warehouse in a production building, it shall
use a firewall and a floor slab with a fire endurance of not less than 1.50 h to
separate it. When setting up a category D and E warehouses, it shall use a
non-combustible partition wall with a fire endurance of not less than 2.50 h
and the non-combustible floor slab with a fire endurance of not less than 1.00
h to separate it.
7. At the inlet where the cable is connected from outdoor into indoor, the inlet
evacuation exits should be not less than 2. The second exit of the floor may be
located on an outdoor platform with fixed stairs. When the length of the relay
protection room, power distribution device room and reactive power
compensation device room is more than 7 m, it shall set an exit at both ends of
the room. When the length exceeds 60 m, it shall add 1 intermediate evacuation
exit.
5.1.18 For dormitory and office buildings in office and life buildings, the number
of evacuation doors in each room shall be determined by calculation and shall
not be less than 2. The horizontal distance between the nearest edges of two
adjacent evacuation doors in the room shall not be less than 5 m. When meeting
one of the following conditions, it may provide 1 evacuation door:
1. For the room located between two safety exits which has a building area less
than or equal to 120 m2, the net width of the evacuation door is not less than
0.9 m.
2. For rooms at the end of the walkway, if the building area is less than 50 m2
and the net width of the evacuation door is not less than 0.9 m, or otherwise
the straight line distance from any point in the room to the evacuation door is
less than or equal to 15 m, the building area is not more than 200 m2 and the
net width of the evacuation door is not less than 1.4 m.
IV Interior decoration of buildings
5.1.19 For the process equipment room such as power distribution device room,
transformer room, capacitor room, central control room, relay protection room,
communication room, DC disk room and battery room, as well as fire pump
room and ventilation air conditioner room, the interior decoration use the
category A non-combustible material.
Note: The combustion performance grade of the decoration materials is divided
according to the current national standard "Code for fire prevention in design of interior
decoration of buildings" GB 50222.
5.1.20 For the library, data room and archives, the ceiling and wall shall adopt
category A decoration materials; the floor shall adopt the decoration materials
of not lower than grade B1.
5.1.21 For the kitchen in the building, the ceiling, wall, floor shall use the
category A decoration materials.
5.1.22 Deformation joints such as settlement joints, expansion joints and anti-
seismic joints inside the building shall be made of category A materials on the
base layers at both sides, the surface decoration shall be made of decoration
materials not lower than grade B1.
5.1.30 Fire lanes may utilize traffic roads, but shall meet the requirements for
the passage and parking of fire engines. The fire lane's pavement, the
firefighting operation site and the pipeline and concealed ditch underneath shall
be able to withstand the pressure of large fire engines.
VI Building construction
5.1.31 The constructional design of the firewall and fire partitions shall comply
with the following provisions:
1. The firewall shall be placed directly on the foundation of the building or the
reinforced concrete frame, beam and other load-bearing structures,
meanwhile it shall be built to the underside of the roof structure layer. When
the horizontal distance of the center line of the cross section of the firewall is
less than 4 m from the end face of the sunroof, meanwhile the end face of
the sunroof is the combustible, it shall take measures to prevent the fire from
spreading. The horizontal distance between the nearest edges of the door
and window opening on both sides of the firewall shall not be less than 2 m.
However, when there is a fixed sash or a category B fire window that can be
automatically closed in case of fire, the distance can be unlimited. The firewall
inside the building should not be placed at the corner. If the firewall is set near
the corner, the horizontal distance between the nearest edges of the door
and window opening on the wall at both sides of the inner corner shall not be
less than 4 m.
2. Doors and windows shall not be opened on the firewall. When it is necessary
to open, it shall provide the category A fire door and window that is fixed or
can be automatically closed in case of fire. Pipes of flammable gases and
liquids and category A, B, and C liquids are strictly prohibited from passing
through the firewall. Other pipelines should not pass through the firewall.
When it is necessary to pass through, it shall use the fireproof sealing
material to pack tightly the gap between the wall and pipeline. When the pipe
is made of flame-retardant and combustible materials, it shall take fire
prevention measures on the pipelines on both sides of the firewall. There
shall be no exhaust ducts in the firewall.
3. The structure of the firewall shall be such that when the trusses, beams,
floors, etc. on either side of the firewall are damaged by the fire, the firewall
will not collapse.
4. Fireproof partition shall be used between rooms with different fire hazards or
significantly different functions in the same fire compartment. The doors and
windows on the fire partition shall be fire doors and windows.
5.1.32 The constructional design of stairwells, stairs and doors shall comply
with the following requirements:
4) The door of the evacuation walkway leading to the front room, open
balconies, alcove, as well as the door of the front room leading to the
stairwell shall be category E fire doors.
5) Except for the stairwell's door and the front room's door, other doors and
windows shall not be opened on the interior wall of the smoke-proof
stairwell and its front room.
6) The first floor of the stairwell may include walkways and foyers in the front
room of the stairwell, to form an enlarged smoke-proof front room. However,
it shall take such measures as the grade B fire door to separate it from
other walkways and rooms.
4. The evacuation stairwell in the building in the step-up substation shall not
change in the plane position of each floor.
5. Outdoor stairs may be used as evacuation stairs when complying with the
following provisions and may replace the enclosed stairwells or smoke-proof
stairwells as specified in this Code:
1) The height of the handrail shall not be less than 1.1 m, and the net width
of the stairs shall not be less than 0.9 m.
2) The angle of inclination shall not be more than 45°.
3) Stair sections and landing shall be made of non-combustible materials. The
fire endurance of the platform shall not be lower than 1.00 h, the fire
endurance of the stair section shall not be lower than 0.25 h.
4) Doors leading to outdoor stairs shall be category B fire doors and shall be
opened outdoors. The door in opened state shall not reduce the effective
width of the landing.
5) Except for evacuation doors, door and window openings shall not be
provided on the wall within 2 m around the stairs. The evacuation door shall
not face the stair section.
6. The stairs used as the second safety exit in the category D, E production
building of can be metallic, but the net width shall not be less than 0.9 m and
the inclination angle shall not be greater than 45°.
7. Elevation stairs and steps on evacuation passages should not use spiral
stairs and fan-shape steps. When it must be used, the plane angle formed by
the upper and lower steps shall not be more than 10°, meanwhile the depth
of each step 250 mm from the handrail shall not be less than 220 mm.
8. The horizontal net spacing of the two steps and the handrails of the indoor
Double fire doors shall have the function of closing in sequence.
3) Except as otherwise provided in this Code, fire doors shall be manually
opened both inside and outside.
4) If it is set near the deformation joint, the door leaf shall not cross the
deformation joint after the fire door is opened, meanwhile it shall be placed
on the side with more floors.
2. When the fire compartment is separated by fire shutters, it shall comply with
the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code of design on
building fire protection and prevention" GB 50016.
5.1.34 The fire protection design of the building's curtain wall shall comply with
the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code of design on
building fire protection and prevention" GB 50016.
5.1.35 Vertical pipeline wells such as cable wells, pipeline wells, exhaust ducts
exhaust ducts in buildings shall be set separately. The well wall shall be a non-
combustible material with a fire endurance of not less than 1.00 h, the service
door on the well wall shall be a category C fire door. Cable wells and pipeline
wells shall be sealed at each floor with non-combustible material or fireproof
sealing material not lower than the fire endurance of the floor. The openings
communicating with the room, the walkway, etc. shall be sealed by fireproof
sealing materials.
5.1.36 Wire and cable, flammable gas and pipelines for category A, B and C
liquids should not pass through the deformation joints in the building. When it
is necessary to pass through, a casing made of non-combustible material shall
be added at the passing place or other deformation prevention measures shall
be adopted. It shall use the fireproof sealing materials to block it.
5.1.37 For the flyover connecting two buildings, when the flyover is made of
non-combustible material and the exit to the flyover meets the requirements of
the safety exit, the exit can be used as a safety exit for the building.
5.1.38 The partition wall in the building shall be cut off from the base layer of
the first floor of the building to the base layer of the bottom of the roof slab.
5.1.39 When designing energy-saving buildings, the selection of thermal
insulation materials shall consider fire protection requirements.
5.2 Fire water supply
I General provisions
water consumption of outdoor fire hydrant of transformer shall not be less than
15 L/s; the water consumption of outdoor fire hydrant shall be calculated
according to the fire water demand of the largest above-ground building.
5.2.7 The outdoor fire water supply can adopt high-pressure or temporary high-
pressure water supply system, or low-pressure water supply system. The
setting shall meet the following requirements:
1. The pipeline pressure of the outdoor high-pressure or temporary high-
pressure water supply system shall ensure that when the fire water
consumption reaches the maximum and the water gun is at the highest point
of any building, the water-filled water column of the water gun is not less than
10 m.
2. The pipeline pressure of the outdoor low-pressure water supply system shall
ensure that the water pressure of the fire hydrant is not less than 0.1 MPa at
the most unfavorable point during firefighting. The water pressure shall be
calculated from the floor of the fire hydrant.
5.2.8 The setting of outdoor fire water supply pipelines shall meet the following
requirements:
1. The outdoor fire water supply pipe network shall be arranged in a loop. When
the outdoor fire water consumption is less than or equal to 15 L/s, it can be
arranged in a branch shape.
2. The number of water mains of the ring pipe network and the water pipes for
water supply to the ring pipe network shall not be less than two. When one
of them fails, the remaining mains shall be able to pass the total amount of
fire water.
3. The ring pipe shall be divided into several independent sections by valves,
the valves shall be set according to the requirements of the pipe network.
4. The diameter of the outdoor fire water supply pipe shall not be less than
DN100.
5. Other requirements for setting the outdoor fire water supply pipelines shall
comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for
design of outdoor water supply engineering" GB 50013.
5.2.9 The outdoor fire hydrant shall be set along the road in the substation area,
the spacing of the outdoor fire hydrants shall not exceed 120 m.
5.2.10 It should not install outdoor fire hydrants and fire protection pipe
networks in the outdoor power distribution device area.
following requirements:
1. If there are more than 10 indoor fire hydrants and the outdoor fire water
consumption is more than 15 L/s, the fire water supply pipes shall be
connected in a loop. The indoor fire water supply pipes shall have at least
two inlet pipes connected to the outdoor ring pipe network. When an inlet
pipe of the ring pipe network is in an accident, the remaining inlet pipes can
still ensure the entire water consumption.
2. The indoor fire hydrant water supply network should be set separately from
the network of the automatic sprinkler system and the water spray fire
extinguishing system. If a fire pump is shared, the water supply pipeline shall
be set separately upstream the alarm valve or the deluge valve.
5.2.15 The buildings in the substation wherein normal high-pressure water
supply system is provided and the water volume and water pressure of the fire
hydrant and the automatic sprinkler system at the most unfavorable point can
be ensured, or the buildings in the substation wherein the dry-type firefighting
riser is provided, it may not be equipped with the fire water tank. Firefighting
water tanks shall be provided for the buildings in the substation where the
temporary high-pressure water supply system is installed. The fire water tanks
include pressure water tanks, water towers, and local water tanks for the
regional water supply system. The fire water tank shall be set up in accordance
with the following requirements:
1. The fire water tank of gravity flow type shall be placed at the highest part of
the building.
2. The effective volume of the fire water tank shall meet the requirements of the
initial fire water consumption. It shall be not less than 18 m3 for the office and
life buildings. When the design flow of the indoor fire water supply of the
production building is not more than 25 L/s, it shall be not less than 12 m3;
when it is more than 25 L/s, it shall be not less than 18 m3.
3. Water tanks shared by fire water and water of other purposes shall take the
technical measures to avoid the fire water from being used for other purposes.
4. After a fire, the fire water supplied by the fire pump shall not enter the fire
water tank.
IV Water spray fire extinguishing system
5.2.16 When a water spray fire extinguishing device is required for the oil-
immersed transformer which has a single unit capacity of 125 MVA or more, it
shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard
"Technical code for water spray fire protection systems" GB 50219.
5.2.21 There shall be not less than 2 suction pipes for a group of fire pumps.
When one of them is closed, the remaining suction pipes shall still deliver the
full amount of water. The fire pump shall use the self-suction type, meanwhile
its suction pipe shall be provided with a service valve.
5.2.22 When the fire water supply pipe is arranged in a loop, the fire pump
room shall have not less than two outlet pipes directly connected to the
loop-shaped fire water supply network. When one of the outlet pipes is
closed, the remaining outlet pipes shall still deliver the full amount of
water. The water outlet pipe shall be provided with the pressure gauge for
testing and inspection and a DN65 drain valve. When there is a possibility
of overpressure, the water outlet pipe shall be provided with an
overpressure protection device.
5.2.23 Independently constructed fire pump rooms shall have a fire resistance
rating of not lower than grade II. The door of the fire pump room which is
attached into the building shall be category A fire door.
5.3 Heating, ventilation, air conditioning, smoke control and
smoke exhaust
I Heating of building
5.3.1 Open fire heating is strictly prohibited in all workplaces.
5.3.2 The exposed pipelines, fittings, thermal insulation materials of the indoor
heating systems shall be made of non-combustible materials.
5.3.3 The heating radiator of the battery room shall be made of corrosion-
resistant and easy-to-clean radiator. The pipeline shall be welded. It shall not
install flanges, threaded joints, valves indoor. Heating pipes should not pass
through the floor slab of the battery room.
5.3.4 Heating pipes shall not pass through electrical equipment rooms such as
transformer rooms and power distribution device rooms.
II Ventilation and air conditioning
5.3.5 The air supply blower and air return blower of the air conditioning system
shall be interlocked with the automatic fire alarm system. When a fire occurs, it
shall be able to stop running immediately.
5.3.6 The pipeline layout of the ventilation and air conditioning system shall be
based on the fire compartment in lateral direction and not more than 5 layers in
vertical direction. When the pipe is provided with the backflow prevention
5.3.15 The maintenance-free battery shall be equipped with an accidental air
exhaust device, the number of air changes shall not be less than 3 times/h,
which may also be used for ventilation purposes.
5.3.16 The sulfur hexafluoride electrical equipment room shall be mechanically
ventilated; the indoor air shall not be recirculated. The content of sulfur
hexafluoride in indoor air does not exceed 6000 mg/m3. The normal ventilation
of the sulfur hexafluoride electrical equipment room is not less than 2 times/h;
it is set in the lo......
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