GB/T 7345-2008 PDF in English
GB/T 7345-2008 (GB/T7345-2008, GBT 7345-2008, GBT7345-2008)
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General requirements for electrical machine for automatic control system
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| GB/T 7345-1994 | English | RFQ |
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General requirements for electrical micro machine for automatic control system
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General requirements for electrical micro machine for automatic control system
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GB/T 7345-2008: PDF in English (GBT 7345-2008) GB/T 7345-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.160.30
K 24
Replacing GB/T 7345-1994
General requirements for electrical machine for automatic
control system
ISSUED ON: JUNE 30, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2009
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Categories ... 8
5 Technical requirements and test methods ... 9
6 Inspection rules ... 34
7 Preparation for delivery ... 39
8 User services ... 40
Appendix A (Normative) Standard test brackets and tooling ... 41
Appendix B (Informative) Methods of measuring impedance and brush contact
resistance ... 49
Appendix C (Informative) Measurement method of rotary inertia ... 55
Appendix D (Informative) Measuring method of electromechanical time constant ... 62
General requirements for electrical machine for automatic
control system
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, basic technical
requirements and test methods, inspection rules, delivery preparation, user service
requirements for control motors and their combinations (hereinafter referred to as
motors).
This standard provides basic technical requirements and test methods for motors for
organizations which have the following needs:
a) It is necessary to prove that the motor product has the ability to meet the
requirements of users and applicable laws and regulations;
b) Ordering or product acceptance;
c) Inspection basis;
d) Government or industry regulation of product quality.
When the optional provisions in this standard are not applicable due to the
characteristics of the motor product, they can be deleted. However, the deletion cannot
affect the ability or responsibility to prove that the motor product meets the
requirements of users and applicable laws and regulations.
The test methods specified in this standard are commonly used; users of the standard
are allowed to choose and use them.
This standard specifies the basic requirements for motors. When there are special
requirements, especially for electronic drives, the manufacturer shall formulate special
technical conditions.
This standard shall be used together with the general technical conditions or special
technical conditions for motors.
This standard is applicable to various control motors and their combinations; general-
purpose motors can also be adopted by reference.
GB/T 2423.25 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test Z/AM: Combined
cold / low air pressure tests (neq IEC 68-2-40:1976)
GB/T 2423.26 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test Z/BM: Combined
dry heat / low air pressure tests (neq IEC 68-2-41:1976)
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1: Sampling
schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection (idt
ISO 2859-1:1999)
GB/T 2900.26 Electrotechnical terminology - Electrical machine for automatic
control system
GB/T 6113.2 Methods of measurement of radio disturbance and immunity (eqv
CISP R16-2:1996)
GB/T 7346 Basic outline constructional type for control motors and feedback
components
GB/T 10069.1 Measurement of airborne noise emitted by rotating electrical
machines and the noise limits - Part 1: Method for the measurement of airborne
noise emitted by rotating electrical machine (GB/T 10069.1-2006, neq ISO 1680-
1:1986)
GB/T 10405 Type designation for electrical machine automatic control system
GB 17799.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Generic standards - Emission
standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (GB/T
17799.3-2001, idt CISPR/IEC 61000-6-3:1996)
GB 17799.4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Generic standards - Part 4:
Emission for industrial environments (GB/T 17799.4-2001, idt IEC 61000-6-4:1997)
GB 18211-2000 General requirements for safety of electrical micro-machines
JB/T 8162-1999 General specification for packaging of small control motors and
feedback components
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as established in GB/T 2900.26, as well as the following
terms and definitions, apply to this standard.
3.1
Electrical machine for automatic control system
5.3.2 Test methods
5.3.2.1 Lead wire
Put the lead-out end of the motor's lead wire downward. Apply the force specified in
5.3.1.2 vertically downward on the terminal. When applying force, the conductor core
and insulation layer shall be evenly stressed. The force shall be applied in all directions
for 5 s ~ 10 s.
For the cable outlet from the rear end of the motor along the motor axis, first make the
motor shaft extend vertically upward; rotate the motor 90° to bring the shaft into a
horizontal position; rotate the casing 360° clockwise and counterclockwise around the
axis.
For the outlet along the radial direction of the motor, first place the motor horizontally
with the lead wire downward; rotate the motor vertically 90° to make the shaft extend
vertically upward; rotate the casing around the axis of the outlet hole 360° clockwise
and counterclockwise.
After the test, it shall meet the requirements of 5.3.1.2.
5.3.2.2 Threaded terminals
Fix the motor. Apply the pressure and tension specified in 5.3.1.3 along the axial
direction of the threaded terminal. Then apply torque to the end of the threaded terminal
circumferentially. The torque is gradually and evenly applied (without any impact); it
is maintained for 5 s ~ 10 s after reaching the torque value specified in 5.3.1.3. After
the test, it shall meet the requirements of 5.3.1.3.
5.3.2.3 Wiring lugs (terminal)
Fix the motor. Apply a tensile force to its end along the axial direction of the lug
(terminal). The tensile force shall be gradually and evenly applied (without any impact);
it shall be maintained for 5 s ~ 10 s after reaching the tensile force value specified in
5.3.1.4. After the test, it shall meet the requirements of 5.3.1.4.
5.4 Appearance and installation dimensions
5.4.1 Technical requirements
The manufacturer shall stipulate the appearance and installation dimensions of the
motor. The appearance and installation dimensions shall comply with the general
technical conditions or special technical conditions of the motor. Unless otherwise
specified, the manufacturer shall deliver the appearance and installation dimensions
drawings when delivering the motor.
Note: Appearance and installation dimensions include dimensional tolerances.
5.4.2 Test methods
Select the type of measuring tool and accuracy level, according to the shape and
installation dimensions of the motor. Place the motor under normal temperature
conditions and make measurements one by one, after it reaches a stable non-operating
temperature. The results shall meet the requirements of 5.4.1.
Note: Instant measurement at room temperature is allowed, as long as the measurement
accuracy is not affected.
5.5 Radial clearance
5.5.1 Technical requirements
The radial clearance of the motor shaft is related to the machining accuracy of the motor
bearing chamber, the bearing radial clearance, the radial stress of the shaft extension.
When required, the manufacturer shall specify the radial clearance size and radial force
of the motor shaft. The radial clearance shall comply with the general technical
conditions or special technical conditions of the motor.
5.5.2 Test methods
Install the motor firmly and horizontally axially. Place the measuring head of a dial
indicator on the shaft extension surface, as close to the bearing position as possible;
apply the force specified in the general technical conditions or special technical
conditions, on the shaft in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction. First in one
direction and then in the opposite direction, observe the difference between the two
readings of the dial indicator, which is the measured value of radial clearance; its size
shall meet the requirements of 5.5.1.
Note: The position of applying force shall be close to the position of the measuring head of the
dial indicator. The line connecting the measuring point on the meter head and the force
application point shall be parallel to the motor axis.
5.6 Axial clearance
5.6.1 Technical requirements
The axial clearance of the motor is related to the axial dimensional matching accuracy
of the motor, the elasticity of the axial washer, and the axial force. When required, the
manufacturer shall specify the axial clearance and axial force of the motor shaft. The
axial clearance shall comply with the general technical conditions or special technical
conditions of the motor.
5.6.2 Test methods
Install the motor firmly and horizontally axially. It can place the measuring head of a
This requirement only applies to motors with stop mounting. The verticality of the
installation mating end face is related to the machining accuracy of the motor
installation stop mating end face and the assembly quality of the stator and rotor. When
required, the manufacturer shall specify the verticality of the installation end face. The
verticality of the installation mating end face shall comply with the general technical
conditions or special technical conditions of the motor.
5.9.2 Test methods
To fix the motor rotor, it can place the measuring head of a dial indicator on the stator
installation mating end face. Rotate the motor stator. Measure the runout of three circles
evenly on the end face. Take the maximum value, which is the verticality of the
installation mating end face. Its size shall comply with the requirements of 5.9.1.
5.10 Friction torque
5.10.1 Technical requirements
5.10.1.1 Overview
Friction torque is one of the parameters that measures the rotational flexibility of the
motor. It includes static friction torque and excitation static friction torque.
5.10.1.2 Static friction torque
Static friction torque is the frictional resistance torque, that needs to be overcome when
the rotor starts to rotate at any position, when the motor is not energized and the
armature winding is open circuit. When required, the manufacturer shall specify the
static friction torque. The static friction torque shall comply with the general technical
conditions or special technical conditions of the motor.
5.10.1.3 Excitation static friction torque
The excitation static friction torque is the resistance torque, that needs to be overcome
to make the rotor start to rotate, at any position under specified excitation conditions.
When required, the manufacturer shall specify the excitation static friction torque. The
excitation static friction torque shall comply with the general technical conditions or
special technical conditions of the motor.
5.10.2 Test methods
5.10.2.1 Static friction torque
According to the frame size of the motor, select the corresponding disc size, as shown
in Figure A.5 in Appendix A. According to the specified static friction torque value,
select the friction torque test weight with the corresponding specifications shown in
Figure A.6 in Appendix A.
Rigidly fix the disc on the motor shaft extension. The selected test weight is firmly
suspended at a fixed position on the disc.
The motor casing rotates in two opposite directions, at a constant speed of 4 r/min ~ 6
r/min, with at least three revolutions in each direction. During the rotation process in
each direction, if the disc does not rotate more than one revolution, the static friction
torque meets the requirements of 5.10.1.2.
Other equivalent methods of measurement are allowed.
5.10.2.2 Excitation static friction torque
Excite the motor according to the specified excitation conditions. Check the excitation
static friction torque, according to the method of 5.10.2.1. The excitation static friction
torque shall meet the requirements of 5.10.1.3.
Other equivalent methods of measurement are allowed.
5.11 No-load starting voltage
5.11.1 Technical requirements
No-load starting voltage is one of the indicators to measure the sensitivity of the motor.
When required, the manufacturer shall specify the no-load starting voltage value. The
no-load starting voltage shall comply with the general technical conditions or special
technical conditions of the motor.
5.11.2 Test methods
Before the test, fix the motor stator and let the motor run without load for 3 ~ 5 minutes.
During the test, at any starting position of the motor rotor, the control voltage (or
armature voltage) is gradually increased from zero evenly and slowly, until the rotor
begins to rotate continuously. Read the control voltage (or armature voltage) value at
this time. For motors with electrical excitation requirements, apply rated excitation
voltage to the excitation winding. Each rotation direction is randomly performed three
times, a total of six times in both directions. Take the maximum value of the six control
voltages (or armature voltage), which is the no-load starting voltage. Its value shall
comply with the requirements of 5.11.1.
5.12 Control characteristics
5.12.1 Technical requirements
Control characteristics are the unique ability to control a motor. It includes rated
parameters, control range, accuracy, response capabilities, etc. The manufacturer shall
stipulate the technical indicators of its control characteristics, according to the purpose
of the motor. The technical indicators shall meet the requirements of users and
5.15.1 Technical requirements
Impedance is a unique technical parameter of an AC motor. It reflects the matching
ability of the motor and its connected electrical equipment. When required, the
manufacturer shall specify the motor impedance.
5.15.2 Test methods
Install the motor on the standard test bracket. Run it to a stable operating temperature,
according to the specified test frequency and voltage. Then use the measurement
method specified in B.1 in Appendix B, to measure the impedance values of the motor,
which shall comply with the requirements of 5.15.1.
Other equivalent methods of measurement are permitted.
Note: Motor impedance is divided into input impedance and output impedance.
5.16 Change of brush contact resistance
5.16.1 Technical requirements
The change in brush contact resistance is a unique technical parameter of brushed
motors. It characterizes the contact quality of the brushes and slip rings of such motors.
The manufacturer shall select the brush contact resistance change value, according to
the following provisions:
When the motor rotor resistance is 200 Ω (20 °C) or less, the change value of the contact
resistance shall not be greater than 1 Ω; when the motor rotor resistance is greater than
200 Ω (20 °C), the change value of the contact resistance shall not be greater than 0.5%
of the measured resistance of motor rotor; however, the resistance changes lasting less
than 25 ms are negligible.
Note: DC brushed motors usually do not specify the brush contact resistance change value;
however, the manufacturer shall be able to prove that the motor brush contact is reliable.
5.16.2 Test methods
Each pair of brushes of the motor is powered by a constant current source not exceeding
10 mA. The rotor rotates uniformly at a speed not exceeding 1 r/min. After the third
revolution, the bridge method or other means that can guarantee the measurement
accuracy can be used to ensure that the motor is completed within one revolution, to
measure the change in contact resistance between the brush and slip ring. Its value shall
comply with the requirements of 5.16.1.
During qualification inspection, the change in contact resistance shall be measured,
according to the method specified in B.2 in Appendix B.
5.17 Insulation dielectric strength
R2 - 1) If measured by the live method, R2 is the winding resistance at the end of the
temperature rise test, in ohms (Ω);
2) If it starts from power outage, then R2 is the winding resistance within 5
seconds after the temperature rise test ends; when the temperature rise test
ends for more than 5 seconds, the curve of winding resistance value changes
with time is measured, then R2 is the winding resistance value at 5 seconds
when the curve is extrapolated to the end of the temperature rise test, in
ohms (Ω);
R1 - The winding resistance when the temperature is t1 (cold state), in ohms (Ω);
t1 - The temperature at which the initial resistance of the winding (cold state) is
measured, in degrees Celsius (°C);
t2 - The temperature of the winding at the end of the temperature rise test, in degrees
Celsius (°C).
Note: The standard test bracket in the temperature rise test is specified according to the general
frame size of the motor. For motors with the same frame size but different motor slenderness
ratios and powers, it shall be determined by the general technical conditions or special technical
conditions, according to the motor use conditions and user requirements.
5.21.2.2 Surface temperature
While measuring the temperature of the motor winding, use a point thermometer or
infrared thermometer to measure the temperature of the end cover bearing area,
commutator surface, shell surface.
The motor temperature rise (temperature) shall comply with the requirements of 5.21.1.
5.22 Low temperature
5.22.1 Technical requirements
The motor shall be able to be stored and operated under specified low temperature
conditions. The manufacturer shall stipulate the low temperature conditions, holding
time, test sample handling and recovery, operating conditions, testing requirements of
the motor. The low-temperature test of the motor shall comply with the provisions of
general technical conditions or special technical conditions.
Note: Low temperature may affect the structure, insulation performance, rotational flexibility,
and control characteristics of the motor. Low temperature testing items usually include starting
voltage, insulation dielectric strength, insulation resistance, control characteristics, etc.
5.22.2 Test method
Install the motor on the standard test bracket, to conduct the low temperature test
according to the test method Ad in GB/T 2423.1. The test temperature, holding time,
motor operating conditions, testing requirements are in accordance with 5.22.1. The
results shall meet the requirements of 5.22.1.
5.23 High temperature
5.23.1 Technical requirements
The motor shall be able to be stored and operated under specified high temperature
conditions. The manufacturer shall stipulate the high temperature conditions, holding
time, test sample handling and recovery, operating conditions, testing requirements of
the motor. The high temperature test of the motor shall comply with the general
technical conditions or special technical conditions of the motor.
Note: High temperature may affect the structure, insulation performance, lubrication ability,
and control characteristics of the motor. High temperature testing items usually include
lubrication inspection, insulation dielectric strength, insulation resistance, control
characteristics, etc.
5.23.2 Test methods
Install the motor on the standard test bracket, to conduct the high temperature test
according to test method Bd in GB/T 2423.2. The test temperature, holding time, motor
operating conditions, testing requirements are in accordance with 5.23.1; the testing
results shall meet the requirements of 5.23.1.
5.24 Temperature changes
5.24.1 Technical requirements
When required, the motor shall be able to withstand the specified extreme high and low
temperature change conditions. The manufacturer shall stipulate the extreme high and
low temperature change conditions of the motor, the holding time at the extreme
temperature, the temperature change rate of transition between extreme high and low
temperatures, the number of temperature change cycles, processing and recovery of test
sample, testing requirements. The motor temperature change test shall comply with the
general technical conditions or special technical conditions of the motor.
5.24.2 Test methods
Install the motor on the standard test bracket, to conduct the temperature change test
according to test method N in GB/T 2423.22. The temperature change conditions of the
test's extreme high and low temperatures, the holding time at the extreme temperature,
the temperature change rate between the extreme high and low temperatures, the
number of temperature change cycles, the processing and recovery of test sample, the
required testing temperature, holding time, motor operating conditions, the testing
requirements are in accordance with 5.24.1. The test results shall comply with the
5.32 Electromagnetic compatibility
5.32.1 Technical requirements
When required, the motor shall meet the specified electromagnetic compatibility. The
electromagnetic compatibility requirements of motors include electromagnetic
interference requirements and sensitivity requirements. Among them, electromagnetic
interference requirements are expressed by electromagnetic emission limits, whilst
electromagnetic sensitivity requirements are expressed by electromagnetic immunity.
The manufacturer shall stipulate the electromagnetic compatibility test sample handling,
installation method, motor operating conditions, testing requirements of the motor.
The electromagnetic emission limit shall comply with the provisions of GB 17799.4 or
GB 17799.3; the electromagnetic immunity shall comply with the provisions of the
general technical conditions or special technical conditions of the motor.
5.32.2 Test methods
The electromagnetic emission limits and electromagnetic immunity test methods are in
accordance with GB/T 6113.2.
Among them, the electromagnetic compatibility test sample handling, installation
method, motor operating conditions, testing requirements shall comply with the
provisions of 5.32.1. The test results shall comply with the requirements of 5.32.1.
5.33 Salt spray
5.33.1 Technical requirements
When required, the motor shall have the specified resistance to salt spray corrosion.
The manufacturer shall stipulate the handling and recovery of motor salt spray test
samples, installation details, test duration, testing requirements. The salt spray test
conditions shall comply with the provisions of the test method Ka in GB/T 2423.17.
The duration of the salt spray test can be selected within the following range according
to different requirements of the product: 16 h, 24 h, 48 h, 96 h. After the salt spray test,
the motor must not show signs of corrosion or destructive deterioration, that may affect
normal operation.
Note: Motor parts can be used as salt spray test samples; however, the parts shall represent the
motor's ability to resist salt spray corrosion.
5.33.2 Test methods
The motor salt spray test is carried out in accordance with the test method Ka in GB/T
2423.17. The handling and recovery of salt spray test sample, installation details, test
duration, testing requirements shall comply with the provisions of 5.33.1. The test
results shall comply with the requirements of 5.33.1.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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