GB/T 42911-2023 PDF in English
GB/T 42911-2023 (GB/T42911-2023, GBT 42911-2023, GBT42911-2023)
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Carbon fibre reinforced composites - Method for accelerated moisture absorption and supersaturated conditioning by moisture using sealed pressure vessel
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 42911-2023
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GB/T 42911-2023: PDF in English (GBT 42911-2023) GB/T 42911-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.100.20
CCS Q 23
Carbon fibre reinforced composites - Method for accelerated
moisture absorption and supersaturated conditioning by
moisture using sealed pressure vessel
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 06, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2024
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 4
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Principle ... 6
5 Equipment and material ... 6
6 Specimens ... 8
7 Conditioning and laboratory environment ... 8
8 Operating procedures ... 8
9 Test report ... 12
Carbon fibre reinforced composites - Method for accelerated
moisture absorption and supersaturated conditioning by
moisture using sealed pressure vessel
WARNING: This document involves the operation of sealed pressure vessels.
Personnel using this document shall operate in accordance with the product safety
operating procedures for sealed pressure vessels. This document does not identify
all possible security issues. Users are responsible for taking appropriate safety and
protective measures and ensuring compliance with the conditions stipulated in
relevant national regulations.
1 Scope
This document describes methods for accelerated moisture absorption and
supersaturation conditioning of carbon fiber reinforced composites. This method is
carried out in a saturated water vapor sealed pressure vessel at a temperature higher
than 100°C but lower than the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the test material.
This document applies to thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced composite materials
with a glass transition temperature greater than 150°C. For thermoplastic carbon fiber
reinforced composite materials, this document can also be used as a reference.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 40396, Test method for glass transition temperature of polymer matrix
composites -- Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)
GB/T 40724, Terminology for carbon fiber and carbon fiber composites
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 40724 as
well as the followings apply.
3.1 additional moisture content
The percentage of the additional moisture absorption mass of the test material to its
mass before accelerating moisture absorption.
NOTE: See formula (1).
3.2 supersaturated conditioning by moisture
The process of cooling the test material from a saturated hygroscopic state at high
temperature and high humidity (saturated water vapor pressure exists at high
temperature) to a hygroscopic state at room temperature.
3.3 accelerated moisture absorption
The process of enabling the test material to obtain the saturated moisture content (3.4)
in a short period of time under a certain high temperature (such as 120℃) and high-
water vapor pressure (such as 0.2 MPa).
3.4 saturated moisture content
The moisture content of the specimen in the supersaturated moisture state when it is
cooled from a higher temperature with saturated moisture content (such as 120℃) to a
lower temperature (such as room temperature).
NOTE: See formula (2).
4 Principle
The test material is placed under high temperature and high pressure saturated water
vapor conditions for moisture absorption treatment. Because high temperature can
accelerate the diffusion rate of water molecules in the material, and high pressure can
increase the rate at which the material surface absorbs water molecules from the outside,
the material can reach a saturated hygroscopic state in a short time. When the test
material that has reached the saturated hygroscopic state is cooled to room temperature,
due to the slow diffusion rate of water molecules inside the test material and the slow
release rate on the surface at room temperature, the material will be in a supersaturated
hygroscopic state. This method can quickly obtain the supersaturated moisture
absorption state of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials.
5 Equipment and material
5.1 Supersaturated moisture absorption device. As shown in Figure 1, the
supersaturated moisture absorption device consists of the following parts.
a) Sealed pressure vessels. The maximum pressure is not less than 2.0 MPa. It has
heating function. The temperature can be controlled within ±2°C of the set
shall be controlled at (105±2)℃ under decompression conditions.
5.3 Analytical balance. The graduation value is 0.1 mg.
5.4 Desiccator. 10 L glass desiccator with built-in silica gel.
5.5 Specimen bag. It is made of high temperature resistant nylon material; sealable.
5.6 Dust-free absorbent paper.
6 Specimens
6.1 The specimens shall comply with the requirements of the relevant test method to be
carried out as given in 8.7.
6.2 The glass transition temperature of the specimen shall be determined according to
the provisions of GB/T 40396 before accelerated moisture absorption begins.
7 Conditioning and laboratory environment
7.1 Conditioning
Before the test, the specimen shall be placed at a temperature of (23±2)℃ and a relative
humidity of (50±10)% for at least 24 h.
7.2 Laboratory environment
The temperature is (23±2)℃. The relative humidity is (50±10)%.
8 Operating procedures
8.1 Preparation before accelerated moisture absorption
8.1.1 Check the appearance of the specimen. Number each specimen.
8.1.2 Adjust the specimen condition according to the provisions of 7.1.
8.1.3 Use an analytical balance (5.3) to weigh the mass of each specimen, recorded as
M0, accurate to 1 mg.
8.1.4 The specimens are not dried before moisture absorption.
8.2 Supersaturated conditioning by moisture
8.2.1 Set the sealed pressure vessel temperature to the test temperature. The test
temperature shall be greater than 100℃. The maximum test temperature shall not
exceed the material's glass transition temperature (Tg) minus 25°C, that is, Tg-25°C.
8.2.2 Place the specimen on the specimen holder [5.1 b)]. Then put the specimen holder
into the sealed pressure vessel [5.1 a)]. Try to avoid contact between specimen surfaces.
Minimize contact between the specimen and the holder and sealed pressure vessel. Pour
deionized water into the sealed pressure vessel. Allow the specimen to be completely
immersed in water.
8.2.3 Close the sealing pressure vessel lid. Close the safety valve [5.1 c)]. Start the
heating system.
8.2.4 When the test temperature is reached, open the safety valve for about 2 min.
Remove the air from inside the sealed pressure vessel. Then close the safety valve. Use
the pressure gauge [5.1 d)] to confirm that the pressure in the sealed pressure vessel
reaches the saturated water vapor pressure corresponding to the test temperature.
8.2.5 Keep heating. The continuous heating time can be set based on experience. In the
first few cycles of supersaturated moisture absorption adjustment, the continuous
heating time can be shorter, such as (24±1) h or (48±1) h. When approaching the
saturated hygroscopic state, the continuous heating time shall be increased, such as
(72±1) h.
8.2.6 When heating reaches the set heating time, stop heating. Record the actual
continuous heating time in hours (h). Open the lid of the sealed pressure vessel. Remove
the specimen. Put it into the specimen bag (5.5) and seal it. Cool to room temperature.
8.2.7 Weigh the mass of each specimen according to the provisions of 8.3.1.
8.2.8 After weighing, immediately re-place the specimen on the original specimen
holder. Repeat steps 8.2.2 to 8.2.7. The test temperature remains unchanged.
8.2.9 Repeat 8.2.8 until the specimen reaches the saturated moisture absorption state
specified in 8.5.
8.2.10 Place the specimen that has reached the saturated moisture absorption state in
the vacuum oven (5.2). Dry under reduced pressure at a temperature of 105°C until the
mass is constant. That is, the difference in mass between two consecutive weighings
does not exceed 1 mg. Cool the specimen dried under reduced pressure to room
temperature in the desiccator (5.4). Weigh the mass of the specimen according to the
provisions of 8.3.2.
8.3 Specimen mass weighing
8.3.1 Specimen mass weighing after accelerated moisture absorption
After each set heating time is over, weigh the specimen mass after accelerated moisture
absorption according to the following regulations.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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