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GB/T 42320-2023: PDF in English (GBT 42320-2023) GB/T 42320-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.240.01
CCS F 10
Technical directives for planning of energy internet
ISSUED ON: MARCH 17, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 General requirements ... 6
5 Energy demand and supply forecasting ... 7
5.1 General requirements ... 7
5.2 Energy demand forecasting ... 8
5.3 Energy supply forecasting ... 9
6 Energy balance ... 10
6.1 General requirements ... 10
6.2 Total energy balance ... 10
6.3 Energy dynamic balance ... 11
7 Energy internet architecture ... 12
7.1 Overall architecture ... 12
7.2 Physical architecture ... 12
7.3 Information architecture ... 13
7.4 Communication network architecture ... 13
8 Energy internet planning and construction ... 14
8.1 General requirements ... 14
8.2 Planning and construction requirements ... 14
9 Multiple interactions ... 16
9.1 General requirements ... 16
9.2 Multi-energy complement ... 16
9.3 Source-network-load-storage coordination ... 17
10 Technical and economic analysis ... 18
10.1 Calculation and analysis requirements ... 18
10.2 Technical and economic evaluation ... 19
Bibliography ... 20
Technical directives for planning of energy internet
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements, energy demand and supply forecasts,
energy balance, energy internet architecture, energy internet planning and construction,
multiple interactions, technical and economic analysis, as well as other requirements,
for planning of energy internet.
This document is applicable to works related to the planning, design and construction
of energy internet.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of
their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references,
the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 9237, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental
requirements
GB 17859, Classified criteria for security protection of computer information system
GB/T 22239, Information security technology - Baseline for classified protection of
cybersecurity
GB/T 22240, Information security technology - Classification guide for classified
protection of cybersecurity
GB 29550, General safety technique conditions for gas in civil building
GB 38755, Code on security and stability for power system
GB 50015, Standard for design of building water supply and drainage
GB 50028, Code for design of city gas engineering
GB/T 51074, Code for urban heating supply planning
GB/T 51098, Code for planning of city gas
CJJ/T 34, Design code for city heating network
DL/T 5729, Technical guide for planning and design of distribution network
advanced energy technology, it supports clean and low-carbon transformation of energy,
optimization of comprehensive energy utilization efficiency, and flexible and
convenient access of multiple subjects.
4.2 Energy internet planning shall give priority to the use of renewable energy
according to regional resource endowment and energy supply and demand
characteristics, and achieve the goals of improving clean energy consumption capacity,
comprehensive energy utilization rate and user energy supply quality through optimal
allocation, coordination and complementarity, and efficient utilization of various energy
sources.
4.3 Energy internet planning shall ADHERE TO the concept of system planning,
FOLLOW the principles of “source-network-load-storage collaborative interaction,
power-heating-cooling-gas multi-energy complement, and energy information deep
integration”, CARRY OUT overall optimization around key links such as energy
production, conversion, transmission, and storage, CARRY OUT overall design in
combination with key aspects such as physical architecture, information architecture,
and communication architecture, and COORDINATE the internal composition, spatial
layout, and timing arrangement of each planning element, to achieve the optimal overall
energy utilization efficiency.
4.4 Major cities and disaster-prone areas shall carry out disaster prevention construction
of key energy supply facilities, appropriately improve construction standards, and
enhance the disaster prevention and emergency support capabilities of the regional
energy internet.
4.5 The technical and economic evaluation of energy internet planning shall adhere to
the basic principle of “combining quantitative and qualitative evaluation, with
quantitative as the main and qualitative as the supplement”. Quantitative evaluation
shall be based on the data information in the reasonable assumptions of the energy
internet for quantitative and accurate evaluation; qualitative evaluation shall carry out
a comprehensive evaluation of the energy internet.
4.6 Energy internet planning shall be incorporated into local land and space planning,
with facility corridor land rationally reserved for multiple types of energy such as
electricity, heat, and gas. Energy internet facilities shall be planned simultaneously with
other urban and rural infrastructure, and the layout of facilities shall meet the
requirements of national laws and regulations on environmental protection, soil and
water conservation, and ecological environment protection.
5 Energy demand and supply forecasting
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 Energy demand and supply forecasting, the basis of energy internet planning and
design, includes forecasts for the demand and supply of energy such as electricity, heat,
cold, and gas, as well as forecasts for the development of various energy sources such
as coal, oil, natural gas, hydropower, solar energy, wind energy, nuclear energy,
geothermal energy, biogas, and tides in the region.
5.1.2 The load development characteristic curve, which shall be determined according
to regional characteristics, social development stage and user type, shall be used as the
basis for planning.
5.1.3 The basic data for energy demand and supply forecasting shall include economic,
social and natural climate data, forecast results of the planning area by the higher-level
energy internet planning, historical annual energy load and supply data, etc., including
historical data of year, month, day and other time scales. Energy internet planning shall
accumulate and use a series of standardized historical data of energy demand and supply
as the basis for forecasting.
5.1.4 Energy demand and supply forecasting shall adopt various methods, and, after
comprehensive analysis, provide three schemes of high, medium, and low levels of
demand and supply forecasting results, and put forward a recommended scheme.
5.1.5 Energy demand and supply forecasting shall determine the total forecast results
of energy demand and supply, and should carry out forecasts by categories and regions.
The short-term forecast results shall be listed year by year, and the mid-term and long-
term results can be listed at the end of the planning.
5.1.6 The investigation and collection of data shall be done through various channels.
Government departments, enterprises and institutions shall cooperate with each other
to improve the accuracy of demand forecasting.
5.1.7 The forecast results shall be obtained after comprehensive calculations based on
the energy resource conditions, energy demand in the planning area, and the
complementary relationship between multi-category energy sources.
5.2 Energy demand forecasting
5.2.1 The energy demand forecasting shall analyze changes in user energy consumption
patterns, changes in load characteristics, coupling relationship and mutual influence
between different energy sources, and impact of new energy elements such as electric
vehicles, energy storage, coal-to-gas, and coal-to-electricity on energy demand, to
obtain the forecast results after comprehensive calculation.
5.2.2 The electricity demand forecasting shall include electric quantity forecast and
electric power forecast. The power demand forecasting needs to consider factors such
as economic development, industrial layout, technological progress, policy mechanism,
and population size. The forecast and analysis methods shall be in accordance with
DL/T 5729.
5.3.4 Renewable energy installed capacity forecasting shall select the appropriate
location and capacity according to the resource endowment of renewable energy in the
planning area.
5.3.5 Renewable energy power generation forecasting can adopt sustainability methods,
physical methods, statistical learning methods, and multi-component combination
methods for renewable energy power generation prediction, and shall take full
advantage of advanced technologies such as meteorological technology and artificial
intelligence, to improve prediction accuracy.
5.3.6 Commonly used energy supply forecasting methods include energy reserve
analysis, trend extrapolation, and energy system analysis.
6 Energy balance
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 Regional energy resource conditions, energy resource demand, energy resource
prices, policies, environmental protection and other factors shall be considered to meet
the goal of reliable energy supply for the energy internet, and to formulate
corresponding energy balance strategies based on economic and sustainable
development.
6.1.2 The capacity and scale of various energy facilities in the planning level year shall
be determined according to the energy balance strategy.
6.1.3 Overall consideration shall be given to the total energy balance and energy
dynamic balance. The realization of the total energy balance depends on the
optimization and coordination of the whole cycle of development and utilization
between renewable energy and non-renewable energy; the realization of energy
dynamic balance depends on the short-cycle optimization and coordination of energy
systems such as electricity, heat, cold, and gas.
6.1.4 Energy balance needs to consider the adjustment ability of energy consumption
on the demand side, so as to realize the total balance and dynamic balance between the
energy supply side and the demand side.
6.2 Total energy balance
6.2.1 The total energy balance shall define the balance scope and balance target of total
energy according to the planning region, and shall meet the following requirements:
a) The balance scope shall be consistent with the planning scope of the energy
internet, and shall clarify the balance boundary of the total amount of resources;
b) The balance target shall be in line with the energy balance strategy of the energy
internet plan, and shall consider the requirements of regional resource conditions,
regional resource structure development, economy, and environmental protection.
6.2.2 The total energy balance shall distinguish the production and demand of primary
energy and secondary energy, and comprehensively reflect the supply-demand relations
of each link in the whole process of the entire energy system.
6.2.3 All kinds of energy in the region shall be converted into energy in standard units
of measurement, and the total balance shall be carried out in the same unit of
measurement.
6.2.4 The planning capacity of the energy internet shall be determined, after retaining
an appropriate margin, based on the total energy demand, energy demand characteristics
and changing trends in the planning area.
6.2.5 The total energy balance of the planning area shall be carried out by regions and
layers, combined with the existing energy supply level of electricity, heat, cold and gas,
integrating renewable energy, hydrogen energy, energy storage facilities, etc. and
electrified transportation, to achieve multi-energy coordinated supply and
comprehensive energy cascade utilization. The capacity required for different regions
and different layers shall be determined according to the predicted energy supply and
demand distribution, and be balanced with the planned energy supply type, capacity
and existing energy facility scale.
6.3 Energy dynamic balance
6.3.1 Energy dynamic balance shall meet the energy demand of various users in
different scenarios. The base load should be balanced within the subsystems of
electricity, heating, cooling and gas; the peak-and-valley load can be balanced within a
region or across regions through energy storage and complementary means.
6.3.2 Priority should be given to the use of renewable energy such as wind, light,
biomass, and geothermal energy, to promote the consumption of renewable energy. At
the same time, the randomness, volatility, and intermittent characteristics of renewable
energy should be considered, and flexible resources such as energy storage with
appropriate capacity and adjustable loads should be reserved.
6.3.3 A scientific and rational way of using energy shall be adopted to ensure the
efficiency of dynamic energy conversion and utilization.
6.3.4 On the basis of dynamic supply and demand, the energy production, transmission
and distribution, and demand of each link of the energy internet shall be determined.
6.3.5 The optimal energy dynamic balance scheme shall be selected according to the
planning objectives of the energy internet in consideration of the reliability, economy,
and flexibility requirements of the energy internet operation.
7.3 Information architecture
7.3.1 The information architecture of the energy internet can be divided into two parts:
information resources and energy services.
7.3.2 Information resources of the energy internet can obtain energy flow parameters,
equipment operating status, user needs, environment and other information through
sensing, metering and other measurement and control devices, including real-time,
cumulative and historical structured and unstructured data, and use technical means
such as cloud platform and big data analysis to realize holographic monitoring and
comprehensive analysis of energy equipment, and provide data services at the same
time.
7.3.3 Energy services of the energy internet can use data resources in the information
resource layer to realize energy scheduling, operation, maintenance, market
transactions, financing and other derivative or value-added services.
7.3.4 The information system planning of the energy internet shall meet the
requirements of different businesses such as scheduling, operation, maintenance,
market transactions, financing and other derivative or value-added services, avoiding
redundant construction, and supporting phased implementation.
7.3.5 Necessary information security protective measures shall be taken for the energy
internet. The classification of information security protection grade shall comply with
the provisions in GB 17859 and GB/T 22240, and shall comply with the protection
requirements for corresponding grade specified in GB/T 22239.
7.4 Communication network architecture
7.4.1 The communication network architecture shall meet the needs of various services
of the energy internet for information interaction, and retain the adaptability of
technological development on the basis of being effectively compatible with the
existing communication network structure.
7.4.2 Energy internet planning needs to simultaneously consider the communication
network planning, and clarify the communication network construction content such as
communication channel construction, communication equipment configuration,
construction timing and investment according to business needs.
7.4.3 Energy internet communication network can be divided into backbone network
and access network. The backbone network can adopt communication methods such as
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM),
and Optical Transport Network (OTN). The access network shall be reasonably selected
according to the requirements of cost, communication delay, communication distance,
bandwidth, node capacity, and anti-interference. It can use wired or wireless
communication, and can use fieldbus, ZigBee protocol, power line carrier, long-
distance radio (LoRa), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), micropower wireless,
4G/5G and other communication methods.
8 Energy internet planning and construction
8.1 General requirements
8.1.1 Energy internet can be divided into three types of construction levels: park energy
internet, regional energy internet and cross-regional energy internet according to the
regional scale.
8.1.2 Park energy internet can be applied to regions such as schools, hospitals, large
commercial complexes, industrial parks, and urban areas with diverse energy needs and
a certain scale. The local or regional energy supply side, transmission and distribution
side, and demand side participants form an interconnected network according to their
wishes and transactions. Mainly for the single park operator or user, it can achieve
internal energy supply and demand balance and independent operation.
8.1.3 The regional energy internet can be applied to cities, counties, and rural areas of
different sizes. It is composed of a regional energy backbone grid, multiple park energy
internet and other scattered energy user interconnections. By realizing energy
complementarity and load interaction in the region, the comprehensive utilization
efficiency of regional energy and the reliability of energy supply can be improved.
8.1.4 Cross-regional energy internet can be applied to large-scale regions with cross-
city, national and global interconnection characteristics. It is composed of multiple
regional energy internets interconnected through cross-regional energy backbone grids.
By realizing cross-regional space-time mutual benefit of energy, a wider range of clean
energy development and utilization can be realized.
8.2 Planning and construction requirements
8.2.1 Energy internet planning shall carry out cascade utilization of multiple types of
energy such as electricity, heat, cold, and gas, and coordinate elements such as energy
production, conversion, transmission, and storage, improve the efficiency of
comprehensive energy utilization, and ensure the quality of energy supply for users.
According to the planning process, the energy internet planning and construction shall
meet the following basic requirements:
a) The supply structure and scale allocation of various energy sources shall be
reasonably determined based on the energy demand forecasting and energy
balance analysis results;
b) Energy networks such as power supply network, heating/cooling pipe network,
and gas supply network shall be uniformly planned according to the distribution
the requirements of demand response and complementary mutual aid of different types
of energy within the region.
8.2.9 Cross-regional energy internet planning shall follow the principles of safety,
reliability, low carbon and high efficiency, coordinate and optimize energy
complementarity and clean energy development and utilization within the cross-
regional range, and coordinate the planning of energy backbone grids at all levels.
9 Multiple interactions
9.1 General requirements
9.1.1 During the energy internet planning, it is necessary to comprehensively consider
the horizontal multi-energy complement and the vertical source-network-load-storage
coordination, to promote the coordinated optimal allocation and efficient utilization of
energy throughout the system.
9.1.2 Energy internet planning needs to take into account the energy complementarity
within and between the various levels of the park, regional, and cross-regional energy
internet, and realize the optimal transformation and transaction of various energy
sources according to different energy grades and terminal energy demands.
9.1.3 The energy internet shall rationally arrange control strategies based on factors
such as energy allocation, demand response, and energy storage, so as to realize the
coordinated interaction of source, network, load, and storage, and the optimal balance
of energy supply and demand.
9.2 Multi-energy complement
9.2.1 Multi-energy complement can be the complementary utilization of different types
of energy, or the complementary utilization of different forms of the same type of energy.
9.2.2 For the energy networks of multi-energy complement, it is advisable to aim at a
single or comprehensive index and adopt means of coordinated control and operation,
to maintain the energy balance and stable energy supply of the system.
9.2.3 Energy internet planning shall be based on factors such as resource conditions,
environmental requirements, energy demand, application scenarios, and economics in
different regions, and adhere to the principles of efficient utilization, adapting measures
to local conditions, synergy between sources and loads, green and low-carbon, and win-
win for all parties, to choose the type and method of multi-energy complement.
9.2.4 The park energy internet shall coordinate the development and complementary
utilization of various energy sources according to the various energy demands of end
users for electricity, heating, cooling, and gas, and realize multi-energy coordinated
supply and comprehensive energy cascade utilization through energy conversion units
such as integrated energy stations.
9.2.5 The energy complementary design within the park energy internet needs to
consider the impact of different energy coupling transformations in the park energy
internet on the park energy internet.
9.2.6 The energy complementarity design among park energy internets, or between park
energy internet and regional energy internet, needs to consider the influence of different
energy coupling transformations between park energy internets on park energy internet
and the impact of the energy capacity of the upper-level regional energy internet on the
access of the park energy internet.
9.2.7 The energy complementarity design between regional energy internets needs to
consider the impact of different energy coupling transformations between regional
energy internets on the regional energy internet.
9.2.8 The regional energy internet and cross-regional energy internet need to consider
the resource combination advantages of large-scale comprehensive energy bases such
as wind energy, solar energy, hydropower, coal, and natural gas in the region, focus on
the consumption of renewable energy, and realize the complementarity of multiple
energy sources.
9.3 Source-network-load-storage coordination
9.3.1 The source-network-load-storage coordination of energy internet can be based on
the three levels of park energy internet, regional energy internet, and cross-regional
energy internet, and follow the principle of “local priority, local and global integration”
to coordinate the realization of internal and cross-level overall coordination and balance.
9.3.2 Energy internet shall determine the development scale and facility layout of
various energy storage according to the system’s demand for flexible adjustment of
resources, realize the coordinated planning of energy storage and source, network, and
load, and support the efficient consumption of a high proportion of renewable energy.
9.3.3 Energy internet planning shall coordinate and optimize the layout and allocation
of demand response resources. Demand response includes load shedding, load shifting
and load increase of energy of the same type, as well as load conversion of energy
between different types. The carrier of demand response is user-side controllable
resources, including but not limited to adjustable loads, energy storage, controllable
distributed energy, electric vehicles, etc.
9.3.4 Energy internet at all levels can independently carry out internal multi-energy
demand response, and can also participate in external multi-energy load demand
response as a multi-energy load aggregator.
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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