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GB/T 39514-2020 PDF in English


GB/T 39514-2020 (GB/T39514-2020, GBT 39514-2020, GBT39514-2020)
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GB/T 39514-2020: PDF in English (GBT 39514-2020)

GB/T 39514-2020 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 83.140 G 33 Terminology, Definition, Identification of Biobased Materials ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 19, 2020 IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 1, 2021 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3  1 Scope ... 4  2 Normative References ... 4  3 Terms and Definitions ... 4  4 Identification ... 13  Appendix A (informative) Classification of Biobased Materials ... 17  Bibliography ... 18  Indexes of English Terms ... 19  Terminology, Definition, Identification of Biobased Materials 1 Scope This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, and identification requirements for biobased materials. This Standard is applicable to various types of biobased materials as follows, including biobased chemicals, polymer, plastic, biobased chemical fiber, biobased rubber, biodegradable painting, biobased material additives, biobased composite and other various products made from biobased materials. 2 Normative References The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB/T 1844.2 Plastic - Symbols and Abbreviated - Part 2: Fillers and Reinforcing Materials GB/T 1844.3 Plastics - Symbols and Abbreviated Terms - Part 3: Plasticizers ISO 1043-4 Plastics - Symbols and Abbreviated Terms - Part 4: Flame Retardants 3 Terms and Definitions 3.1 Biomass Biomass refers to various organisms formed through photosynthesis. NOTE: biomass includes all materials derived from life entities, such as: animals, plants and microorganisms, etc. 3.2 Bio-carbon Bio-carbon refers to modern organic carbon element. 3.3 Biomass Content Biomass content refers to the mass fraction of biomass in sample. obtained through biological manufacturing. NOTE 1: biobased material includes basic biobased chemicals and sugar engineering products, such as: bio-alcohols, organic acids, alkanes and olefins, which use biomass as the raw material or (and) obtained through biosynthesis, bio- processing and bio-refining processes, as well as biobased polymer, biobased plastic, biobased chemical fiber, biobased rubber, biodegradable painting, biobased material additives, biobased composite and various products made from biobased materials. NOTE 2: see Appendix A for the classification of biobased materials. 3.10 Biobased Chemicals Biobased chemicals refer to chemicals converted from biomass with the participation of microorganisms or through biochemical methods. 3.11 Biobased Products Biobased products refer to a type of products that are made from biobased materials through processing and have certain functions of use. 3.12 Polymer Polymer refers to a substance composed of chain links characterized by multiple repetitions of one or more atoms or atomic groups (structural units) connected by covalent bonds. NOTE: its relative molecular mass is sufficient to ensure that the overall property does not significantly change with the addition or removal of one or several structural units. 3.13 Biobased Polymer Biobased polymer refers to a polymer whose constituent units are wholly or partly derived from biomass. 3.14 Biopolymer Biopolymer refers to biosynthetic polymer derived from biomass, and polymer obtained from renewable materials as the initial raw materials. NOTE: sometimes, biopolymer also refers to biodegradable polymer. Under this circumstance, the focus is on biodegradability and the possibility of organic waste recycling. 3.15 Natural Polymer Natural polymer refers to macromolecular substance formed through the natural 3.21 Protein Protein refers to an organic macromolecule combined by one or more polypeptide chains (formed by the polymerization of -amino acids) in a specific mode. 3.22 Chitin Chitin refers to macromolecular polysaccharide whose structural unit is -2- acetylamino-D-glucopyranose. NOTE 1: it is widely found in the shells of lower plant fungi, shrimps, crabs, insects and other crustaceans, and the cell walls of fungi. NOTE 2: chitin is a linear polymer polysaccharide, and chitosan can be obtained by removing the acetyl through treatment with concentrated alkali. 3.23 Chitosan Chitosan is obtained through deacetylation of chitin. It is macromolecular polysaccharide whose structural unit is -2-amino-D-glucopyranose. 3.24 Natural Rubber Natural rubber refers to a natural polymer compound with cis-1,4-polyisoprene as the main component. NOTE 1: its molecular formula is (C5H8)n. Natural rubber is the most widely used general- purpose rubber. NOTE 2: 91% ~ 94% of its components is rubber hydrocarbons (cis-1,4-polyisoprene), and the rest are non-rubber substances, such as: proteins, fatty acids, ash and sugars, etc. 3.25 Plastic Plastic refers to a material that uses polymer as the main component and can be flowed and formed at a certain stage of processing into a finished product. NOTE 1: the deformation resistance of plastic is medium, and between fiber and rubber. In accordance with whether it can withstand repeated thermoplastic processing, plastic is divided into two types: thermoplastic and thermosetting. NOTE 2: elastic materials can also be flowed and formed, but they are not considered as plastics. 3.26 Biobased Plastic Biobased plastic refers to plastic whose all or part of the constituent units are plastic butanedioic acid and 1,4-butanediol as the main raw materials. 3.33 Poly (butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate); PBSA Poly (butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) refers to a polymer prepared by polymerization with 1,4-butanedioic acid, 1,6-adipic acid and 1,4-butanediol as the main raw materials. 3.34 Biodegradable Poly (butylene adipate terephthalate); PBAT Biodegradable poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) refers to a polymer prepared by polymerization with terephthalic acid, adipic acid and 1,4-butanediol as the main raw materials. 3.35 Poly (propylene carbonate); PPC (carbon dioxide / propylene oxide copolymer); PPC Poly (propylene carbonate) refers to a polymer prepared by polymerization with carbon dioxide and propylene oxide as the raw materials. 3.36 PPC Polyols PPC polyols refers to a colorless transparent or slightly yellow liquid prepared by polymerization with carbon dioxide and propylene oxide as the raw materials. 3.37 Polycaprolactone; PCL Polycaprolactone refers to a polymer prepared by polymerization with -caprolactone as the raw material. 3.38 Poly (p-dioxanone); PPDO Poly (p-dioxanone) refers to an aliphatic polyether ester prepared by polymerization with p-dioxanone as the raw material. 3.39 Chemical Fiber Chemical fiber refers to the fiber obtained through processing and with textile properties, made from natural polymer compounds or artificially synthesized polymer compounds as the raw material, and obtained through the processes of preparation of spinning dope, spinning and post-processing, etc. 3.40 Biobased Chemical Fiber Biobased chemical fiber refers to a type of chemical fiber that is prepared with biomass as the raw material. 3.47 Surfactant Surfactant refers to a compound with surface activity, which is soluble in liquids, especially water. Due to preferential adsorption on the liquid / gas surface or other interfaces, the surface tension or interfacial tension is significantly reduced. [GB/T 5327-2008, Chapter 2] 3.48 Biobased Surfactant Biobased surfactant refers to a type of surfactant prepared with biomass as the raw material. 3.49 Detergent Detergent refers to a detergent product formulated with surfactants, additives and / or solvents for cleaning. 3.50 Biobased Detergent Biobased detergent refers to a type of detergent prepared with biomass as the raw material. 3.51 Additives Additives refer to a substance that is added to the polymer to improve or alter one or more properties. [GB/T 2035-2008, Definition 2.11] 3.52 Other Biobased Additives Other biobased additives refer to other additives prepared with biomass as the raw material and used in the processing of plastics. 3.53 Composite Composite refers to a material that is obtained through advanced material preparation technology, which optimizes the combination of material components with different properties. 3.54 Biobased Composite Biobased composite refers to a composite with at least one component deriving from biomass. 3.55 Starch Based Plastic Materials Starch based plastic materials refer to particles (or chips), powders, master batches or accordance with the mass fractions of the various main components, from large to small. The components of the polymer shall be expressed in the abbreviations of names. The abbreviations shall be separated by a plus sign “+”; the marking shall comply with the stipulations of 4.3. Example: polycaprolactone and starch alloy, with polycaprolactone as the main polymer and starch dispersed in it, shall be expressed as PCL + St. 4.2.4 Products with additives1) 4.2.4.1 Products with fillers or reinforcing agents In terms of products with a single filler or a single reinforcing agent, the filler or reinforcing agent shall be marked together with the polymer. The abbreviation of the polymer is followed by a hyphen. Then, in accordance with the abbreviation symbols specified in GB/T 1844.2, describe the additive. In addition, in accordance with the example and the stipulations of 4.3, mark it. Example 1: polycaprolactone containing 30% mass fraction of mineral powder shall be expressed as: PCL-MD30 In terms of products with multiple fillers or multiple reinforcing agents, or a combination of both, in accordance with the stipulations of Example 2 and Example 3, describe the percentage of the fillers or reinforcing agents, and enclose it in parentheses. Example 2: polylactic acid containing 15% mass fraction of mineral powder and 25% mass fraction of glass fiber shall be expressed as: PLA-(GF25 + MD15) or PLA-(GF + MD)40 Example 3: polylactic acid containing 20% mass fraction of mineral powder (MD) and 15% mass fraction of glass fiber (GF) shall be expressed as: PLA-(MD20 + GF15) or PLA-(MD + GF)35 4.2.4.2 Products with plasticizers In terms of products with plasticizers, add a hyphen after the abbreviation of polymer. Then, mark the symbol “P”, followed by the abbreviation of plasticizer specified in GB/T 1844.3 enclosed in parentheses. Example: PCL containing plasticizer dibutyl phthalate shall be expressed as: PCL-P(DBP) 4.2.4.3 Products with flame retardants In terms of products with flame retardants, add a hyphen after the abbreviation of polymer. Then, mark the symbol “FR”, followed by the digital code of the flame retardant specified in ISO 1043-4 enclosed in parentheses. 1) Not required for products that do not contain additives. ......
 
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.