GB/T 34539-2017 PDF English
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Safety requirements on hydrogen-oxygen generator
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GB/T 34539-2017: PDF in English (GBT 34539-2017) GB/T 34539-2017
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
F 19
Safety requirements on hydrogen-oxygen generator
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 14, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2018
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Basic requirements ... 6
5 Environmental safety requirements for hydrogen-oxygen generator ... 7
6 Safety requirements for gas supply system ... 9
7 Electrical installations ... 11
8 Safety guards ... 12
9 Test run, operation, maintenance ... 13
10 Emergency treatment ... 15
Appendix A (Informative) Wet flame arrester ... 17
Safety requirements on hydrogen-oxygen generator
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic safety requirements for hydrogen-oxygen generators,
the environmental safety requirements for places where hydrogen-oxygen generators
are installed, gas supply systems, electrical devices, safety protection devices, test run,
operation and maintenance, emergency treatment, etc.
This standard is applicable to hydrogen-oxygen generators and their hydrogen-oxygen
mixed-gas gas supply pipelines, which have a working pressure ≤ 0.2 MPa and PV ≤
8.0 MPa·L.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB 2894 Safety signs and guideline for the use
GB/T 4830 Industrial process measurement and control instruments - Pressure range
and quality of air supply
GB 4962 Technical safety regulation for gaseous hydrogen use
GB 9448 Safety in welding and cutting
GB/T 19001 Quality management systems - Requirements
GB/T 24499 Technology glossary for gaseous hydrogen, hydrogen energy and
hydrogen energy system
GB/T 29411-2012 Technical specification of hydrogen-oxygen generator with water
electrolyte
GB/T 29729-2013 Essential requirements for the safety of hydrogen systems
GB 50058 Code for design of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres
GB 50177 Design code for hydrogen station
4 Basic requirements
4.1 Risk factors
4.1.1 The hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas is within its
explosion limit, which is an explosive mixed gas. In a confined space, it is easy to be
ignited or even explode, in case of open flame, high temperature, static electricity, etc.
4.1.2 Hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas may leak, through porous materials, mounting
surfaces or sealing surfaces. The hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas will spread rapidly after
leakage, resulting in the continuous expansion of flammable and explosive areas,
meanwhile the diffusion process is invisible to the naked eye. The main factors, that
affect the leakage and diffusion of hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas, include leakage port
area, leakage pressure, leakage location, ambient temperature, ambient wind speed,
obstacles.
4.1.3 Backfire may occur when the hydrogen-oxygen generator, that uses an open flame
at the end, is used. Backfire may cause the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas to burn and
explode, in its pipeline AND in the hydrogen-oxygen generator.
4.2 Risk control
4.2.1 When using the hydrogen-oxygen generator, it shall be used immediately after
production; it is forbidden to store and compress the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas.
4.2.2 Under the premise of meeting the demand, control the usage of hydrogen-oxygen
mixed gas.
4.2.3 The maximum working pressure of the hydrogen-oxygen generator should not be
greater than 0.2 MPa. Under the conditions that meet the requirements of use, the
working pressure of the equipment should be less than 0.1 MPa.
4.2.4 Where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is used, the accumulation of hydrogen-
oxygen mixed gas in a confined space is not allowed.
4.2.5 The hydrogen-oxygen generator and its main pipeline shall be provided with
safety devices, such as overpressure relief devices and flame arresters.
4.2.6 The place, where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is used, shall be equipped with
fire extinguishing equipment, such as carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or dry powder
fire extinguisher.
4.3 Safety level
4.3.1 Hydrogen-oxygen generators shall be classified into safety levels, according to
working pressure and PV, as shown in Table 1.
installed, shall be fortified according to Zone 2, meanwhile it shall comply with the
relevant provisions of GB 50058.
5.1.3 The water pressure of cooling water should be 0.2 MPa ~ 0.4 MPa.
5.1.4 The gas source pressure of the compressed air, for instruments or pneumatics,
shall be determined according to relevant requirements; its quality shall comply with
the provisions of GB/T 4830.
5.2 Installation site of hydrogen-oxygen generator
5.2.1 The setting location of the hydrogen-oxygen generator shall be determined,
according to the gas supply scale and the use characteristics of the hydrogen-oxygen
mixed gas. Hydrogen-oxygen generators, which have a safety level 1 and 2, should be
arranged near the outer wall in the building (workshop).
5.2.2 There shall be no sundries, in the place where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is
installed; the passage shall be kept unobstructed.
5.2.3 The partition wall of the special room for the hydrogen-oxygen generator shall be
a solid wall of non-combustible body; it shall be provided with a fire door, which opens
to the outside. The roof shall be flat; the roof shall be made of lightweight roof, which
shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 50177.
5.2.4 The place, where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is installed, shall be set up with
natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. During natural ventilation, the number
of air changes shall not be less than 3 times per hour. The number of air changes for
mechanical ventilation shall not be less than 12 per hour. The air outlet shall be located
at a higher place on the roof or partition wall.
5.2.5 The upper part of the place, where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is installed,
shall be equipped with a hydrogen concentration alarm, which shall be interlocked with
the mechanical exhaust fan.
5.2.6 It is strictly forbidden to use an open flame for heating, in the place where the
hydrogen-oxygen generator is installed.
5.2.7 The floor of the room, where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is installed, shall be
flat, wear-resistant, anti-static. The doors and windows shall be made of materials, that
do not spark when impacted.
5.3 Operating environment requirements
5.3.1 The ambient temperature is 5 °C ~ 40 °C.
5.3.2 The place of use shall be free of gas, steam, chemical deposits, dust and other
explosive and corrosive media, that seriously affect the use of the hydrogen-oxygen
generator; there shall be no severe vibration and turbulence; it shall comply with the
relevant provisions of GB 4962 and GB 9448.
6 Safety requirements for gas supply system
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 The gas supply system includes hydrogen and oxygen generators, pipes,
accessories.
6.1.2 The hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas shall not be discharged indoors; the discharge
pipe shall be led out of the room AND shall be more than 2.0 m above the roof. A wet
flame arrester shall be installed, on the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas discharge pipe.
6.1.3 The gas supply system should be equipped with a extinguisher.
6.1.4 The main pipeline or gas branch pipeline of hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas shall be
provided with nitrogen and other purging ports and shut-off valves.
6.1.5 The hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas system should be equipped with pressure gauges
and overpressure relief devices.
6.2 Hydrogen-oxygen generator
6.2.1 The hydrogen-oxygen generator shall comply with the relevant requirements of
GB/T 29411. It shall be manufactured in accordance with the drawings and technical
documents, which are approved by the prescribed procedures.
6.2.2 The hydrogen-oxygen generator shall be equipped with a mechanical or electronic
gas pressure control device, AND at least one level of mechanical gas pressure control
device. When the gas pressure reaches the set value, the gas production shall be stopped.
6.2.3 The hydrogen-oxygen generator shall be equipped with at least one overpressure
relief device. The release pressure of the overpressure relief device should be 1.25 times
the working pressure.
6.2.4 The hydrogen-oxygen generator shall be equipped with two or more stages of
flame arresters, one stage of which is a wet flame arrester, to effectively prevent
backfire.
6.2.5 Flammable chemical accelerants, such as alcohol, gasoline, n-hexane, liquefied
petroleum gas, etc., shall not be used, inside the hydrogen-oxygen generator.
6.3 Piping and accessories
6.3.1 The design and installation of the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas pipeline shall
comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 29411-2012.
at the lowest point; the drainage device shall lead to the outside.
6.3.12 The flow direction of the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas shall be marked on the
pipeline.
7 Electrical installations
7.1 General requirements
7.1.1 The electrical facilities, at the place where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is
installed, shall be fortified according to Zone 2; it shall comply with the relevant
provisions of GB 50058.
7.1.2 The place, where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is installed, shall be equipped
with a power distribution cabinet, which shall be reliably grounded. Each hydrogen-
oxygen generator should be powered independently; the power distribution cabinet
shall be equipped with an emergency power-off switch, that is easy to operate.
7.1.3 There should be an intuitive power-off point, near the dedicated room for the
hydrogen-oxygen generator, to facilitate maintenance by maintenance personnel.
7.1.4 The lighting fixtures at the places, where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is
installed, shall be installed at a lower position; they shall not be installed directly above
the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas release source.
7.1.5 The protective steel pipes, for laying cables or conductors, shall be isolated and
sealed, at the following positions:
a) Before the connector parts, where the cables or wires are led to the electrical
equipment;
b) Between adjacent different environments.
7.2 DC power supply
7.2.1 Each electrolytic cell shall be equipped with a DC power supply separately; a
high-frequency switching power supply should be used.
7.2.2 The DC power supply shall be provided with the function of voltage regulation
and automatic current stabilization.
7.2.3 The rated DC voltage of the rectifier, for the electrolytic cell, shall be greater than
the working voltage of the electrolytic cell; the voltage regulation range should be 0.6
~ 1.05 times the rated voltage of the electrolytic cell; the rated DC current should be
1.1 times the rated current of the electrolytic cell.
7.3 Grounding requirements
7.3.1 The electrolytic cell shall be electrically grounded, according to the structural
characteristics. For the electrolytic cell, which is connected to the positive and negative
electrodes of the DC power supply at both ends, the resistance to ground shall be greater
than 1.0 MΩ.
7.3.2 The hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas pipeline shall be grounded.
7.3.3 The hydrogen-oxygen generator shall be grounded; the grounding resistance shall
be less than 4.0 Ω.
7.3.4 The flanges and valve connections of equipment and pipelines for hydrogen-
oxygen mixed gas shall be bridged, by metal (copper) connecting wires.
8 Safety guards
8.1 General requirements
8.1.1 The place, where the hydrogen-oxygen generator is installed, shall be equipped
with a hydrogen leak detection and alarm device, which shall be interlocked with the
mechanical exhaust fan for control.
8.1.2 The hydrogen-oxygen generator shall have safety accessories, such as
overpressure relief device and flame arrester.
8.1.3 The hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas supply system shall be provided with a purging
device and an extinguisher.
8.1.4 The control system of the hydrogen-oxygen generator shall have the ability to
monitor, display, control the pressure; it shall be able to automatically take
corresponding safety measures, including shutting down the equipment.
8.1.5 The hydrogen-oxygen generator shall be equipped with an automatic control
device, to meet the basic requirements for the use of self-produced hydrogen-oxygen
mixed gas.
8.1.6 The hydrogen-oxygen generator and the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas supply
system shall be purged by nitrogen gas, before being overhauled, deactivated, restored
to use.
8.1.7 The leak inspection of the hydrogen-oxygen generator, the hydrogen-oxygen
mixed gas pipeline, the connection points of the accessories, etc., shall use soapy water
or a portable combustible gas leak detector; it is forbidden to use an open flame for leak
detection.
8.2 Overpressure relief device
8.2.1 The hydrogen-oxygen generator and the main pipeline of the hydrogen-oxygen
9.2 Operation
9.2.1 Operators shall undergo on-the-job training; take up their posts after passing the
assessment.
9.2.2 Operators shall be free of color blindness, diseases that hinder the operation and
other physiological defects; it shall avoid operations that affect operation or judgment
after taking certain drugs.
9.2.3 The oxygen-hydrogen flame is not easy to detect; accidental burns shall be
prevented.
9.2.4 It is strictly forbidden to smoke or use open flames, in the place where the
hydrogen-oxygen generator is installed and in the fire-free area.
9.2.5 When the hydrogen-oxygen generator is running, it shall not be knocked, repaired,
tightened under pressure; the tools that are prone to sparks shall not be used.
9.2.6 When the hydrogen-oxygen generator is running, it shall neither be over-pressured,
nor shall it be operated under negative pressure.
9.2.7 When the hydrogen-oxygen generator is out of use, firstly perform the shutdown
operation, according to the prescribed procedures; disconnect the power supply of the
equipment; then empty the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas in the equipment and the
pipeline; use nitrogen, etc. to carry out effective purging and replacement of the
hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas in the pipeline.
9.3 Maintenance
9.3.1 The electrolyte replacement cycle, in the electrolytic cell of the hydrogen-oxygen
generator, shall not exceed one year.
9.3.2 Check the filter element before use; replace it in time, if it is damaged.
9.3.3 Check at least once a month whether the hydrogen-oxygen generator's electrolyzer
and its ancillary equipment, flame arrester tank and other shells are deformed and
leaked; whether the hydrogen-oxygen gas supply pipes, valves and connections are in
good condition.
9.3.4 The pressure gauge, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, overpressure relief
device, hydrogen leakage detection alarm device, flame detection alarm device, etc.
shall be tested and calibrated, once every 6 months.
9.3.5 After the equipment is repaired and transformed, the system shall be tested for
pressure resistance, purging, leakage, automatic control; it can be put into use, only
after meeting the requirements.
9.3.6 When the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas pipeline, valve and wet flame arrester are
frozen, the operator shall use hot water or steam to thaw it; the maintenance personnel
shall wear a mask to operate. Do not use open flame to bake or use tools, such as a
hammer, to strike.
9.3.7 The operation plan and safety protection measures, such as isolation, purging,
replacement, ventilation, shall be formulated for the maintenance or inspection of the
hydrogen-oxygen generator, which shall be approved by the equipment, safety, other
departments. Without the written approval of the supervisor of the safety department,
the operator shall not repair or disassemble the hydrogen-oxygen generator equipment,
piping system, etc.
10 Emergency treatment
10.1 General requirements
10.1.1 The organization using the hydrogen-oxygen generator shall formulate an
emergency treatment plan, for the leakage, fire, explosion of the hydrogen-oxygen
generator and the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas supply system.
10.1.2 The emergency treatment plan shall be formulated, according to the actual
situation of the using organization, the use and parameters of the hydrogen-oxygen
mixed gas, the requirements of the relevant local departments, etc., in combination with
the provisions of this standard. It shall comply with the relevant provisions in GB/T
29729-2013.
10.2 Main requirements for emergency treatment
10.2.1 When the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas leaks and the hydrogen leakage alarm
device issues a level 1 alarm, the exhaust fan shall be automatically turned on. When
the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas leaks and the hydrogen leakage alarm device issues a
level 2 alarm, the hydrogen-oxygen generator shall stop running, after the terminal's
open flame operation is extinguished, meanwhile the possible ignition source in the area
shall be excluded. Workers wear personal protective equipment to check for leaks.
10.2.2 If the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas leaks and the hydrogen-oxygen generator fails
to shut down, the power supply of the hydrogen-oxygen generator, etc. shall be cut off
in time, after the terminal's open flame operation is extinguished.
10.2.3 When a fire occurs, due to the leakage of hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas, the power
supply shall be cut off in time, after the terminal open flame operation is extinguished;
the fire safety department shall be notified and reported to the relevant authorities, to
quickly organize rescue.
10.2.4 When a fire occurs due to leakage of hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas, it should use
carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, dry powder fire extinguishers, etc., to extinguish the
fire.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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