GB/T 31485-2015 PDF English
US$85.00 · In stock · Download in 9 secondsGB/T 31485-2015: Safety requirements and test methods for traction battery of electric vehicle Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedureStatus: Obsolete
| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivery | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB/T 31485-2015 | English | 85 |
Add to Cart
|
0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery
|
Safety requirements and test methods for traction battery of electric vehicle
| Obsolete |
Excerpted PDFs (Download full copy in 9 seconds upon purchase)PDF Preview: GB/T 31485-2015
GB/T 31485-2015: Safety requirements and test methods for traction battery of electric vehicle---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT31485-2015
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.120
T 47
Safety requirements and test methods for
traction battery of electric vehicle
Issued on: MAY 15, 2015
Implemented on: MAY 15, 2015
Issued by.
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection
and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative references... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 4
4 Symbol... 5
5 Requirements... 5
6 Test methods... 7
7 Inspection rules... 16
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the safety requirements, test methods, and inspection rules for
traction battery of electric vehicle (hereinafter referred as “battery”).
This Standard is applicable to lithium-ion battery and metal hydride nickel battery which
are used in electric vehicle. For other traction batteries, this Standard is served as
reference.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for application of this document. For the dated
documents so quoted, only the dated versions apply to this document. For the undated
documents so quoted, the latest versions (including all modification sheets) apply to this
document.
GB/T 2900.41 Electrotechnical terminology - Primary and secondary cells and
batteries
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions AND those specified in GB/T 2900.41 and GB/T 19596
apply to this Standard.
3.1
secondary cell
A basic unit, designed to be chargeable, that can directly transform chemical energy into
power energy and is composed of electrode, membrane, electrolyte, case and terminal.
3.2
battery module
A power supply combination of one or more of secondary cells which are connected in
series or in parallel or in series-parallel, with only one pair of positive and negative output
terminals.
3.3
explosion
Fierce explosion of battery case, with violent noise and projectiles of major composition
(solid substance).
3.4
fire
Combustion occurred in any part of battery (the last time is more than 1s). Spark and arc
do not belong to combustion.
3.5
leakage
The liquid inside battery is leaked out.
3.6
case
Protection parts which is used to seal inner parts of battery and prevent it from being in
direct contact with outside.
4 Symbol
For the purpose of standard, the following symbols shall apply.
C1.Rated capacity per one hour rate (Ah).
I1.Discharge current per one hour rate, equal to C1 (A).
5 Requirements
5.1 Secondary cell
5.1.1 When over-discharge test in sub-clause 6.2.2 is carried out on secondary cell, there
shall have no explosion, fire or leakage.
5.1.2 When over-charge test in sub-clause 6.2.3 is carried out on secondary cell, there
shall have no explosion and fire.
5.1.4 When dropping test in sub-clause 6.2.5 is carried out on secondary cell.
a) For lithium battery, there shall have no explosion, fire and leakage;
b) For nickel-metal hydride battery, there shall have no explosion and fire.
5.1.5 When heating test in sub-clause 6.2.6 is carried out on secondary cell, there shall
have no explosion or fire.
5.1.6 When crushing test in sub-clause 6.2.7 is carried out on secondary cell, there shall
have no explosion or fire.
5.1.7 When puncturing test in sub-clause 6.2.8 is carried out on secondary cell, there shall
have no explosion or fire.
5.1.8 When sea water immersion test in sub-clause 6.2.9 is carried out on secondary cell,
there shall have no explosion or fire.
5.1.9 When temperature cycle test in sub-clause 6.2.10 is carried out on secondary cell,
there shall have no explosion, fire or leakage.
5.1.10 When low atmospheric pressure test in sub-clause 6.2.11 is carried out on
secondary cell, there shall have no explosion, fire or leakage.
5.2 Battery module
5.2.1 When over-discharge test in sub-clause 6.3.2 is carried out on battery module, there
shall have no explosion, fire or leakage.
5.2.2 When over-charge test in sub-clause 6.3.3 is carried out on battery module, there
shall have no explosion and fire.
5.2.4 When dropping test in sub-clause 6.3.5 is carried out on battery module.
a) For lithium battery, there shall have no explosion, fire and leakage;
b) For nickel-metal hydride battery, there shall have no explosion and fire.
6 Test methods
6.1 Test conditions
6.1.1 Environmental conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be conducted at the temperature of 25°C ± 5°C,
relative humidity of 15%~90% and atmospheric pressure of 86 kPa~106 kPa. The room
temperature referred in this Standard means 25°C ± 2°C.
6.1.2 Precision of measuring instrument and apparatus
The precision of measuring instrument and apparatus shall conform to the following
requirements.
6.1.3 Secondary cell charging
Under room temperature, secondary cell is discharged at the current of 1I1 (A) until it
reaches to the final voltage as specified in the technical conditions of manufacturer. Put it
aside for 1 h (or less than 1 h as specified by manufacturer); then charge the secondary
cell according to the method provided by manufacturer.
If manufacturer does not provide charging method, the following method can be adopted.
a) As to lithium ion battery, charge it at the constant current of 1I1 (A) and then change
to constant-voltage charge when it reaches to the final voltage as specified in the
technical conditions. When the charging current falls to 0.05I1 (A), charging shall be
stopped. Put it aside for 1 h (or less than 1 h as specified by manufacturer);
b) As to metal hydride nickel battery, charge it at the constant current of 1I1 (A) for 1 h
and then charge it at the constant current of 0.2I1 (A) for 1 h. Put it aside for 1 h (or
less than 1 h as specified by manufacturer).
6.1.4 Battery module charging
Under room temperature, battery module is discharged at the current of 1I1 (A) until it
reaches to the final voltage as specified in the technical conditions of manufacturer. Put it
aside for 1 h (or less than 1 h as specified by manufacturer) and then charge the battery
module according to the method provided by manufacturer.
If manufacturer does not provide charging method, the following method can be adopted.
a) As to lithium ion battery, charge it at the constant current of 1I1 (A) and then change
to constant-voltage charge when it reaches to the final voltage as specified in the
technical conditions. When the charging current falls to 0.05I1 (A), charging shall be
stopped. Put it aside for 1 h (or less than 1 h as specified by manufacturer);
b) As to metal hydride nickel battery, charge it at the constant current of 1I1 (A) for 1 h
and then charge it at the constant current of 0.2I1 (A) for 1 h. Put it aside for 1 h (or
less than 1 h as specified by manufacturer).
6.2 Safety test of secondary cell
6.2.1 General requirements
All test items shall be carried out with sufficient safety protection measures. If the test
objective has additional active protection circuit or apparatus, it shall be removed.
6.2.2 Over-discharging test
Over-discharging test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3;
b) Discharge secondary cell at 1I1(A) current for 90 min;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.2.3 Over-charging test
Over-charging test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3;
b) Charge at constant current of 1I1(A) and terminate when the voltage reaches 1.5
times of charging termination voltage specified by manufacturer or the charging
duration reaches 1h;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.2.4 Short-circuit test
Short-circuit test shall be carried out according to the following procedures.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3;
b) Short-circuit the positive and negative poles of the secondary cell externally for
10min and the external circuit resistance shall be less than 5mΩ;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.2.5 Dropping test
Dropping test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3;
b) Drop the secondary cell with positive and negative terminals downward from 1.5m
height to cement floor;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.2.6 Heating test
Heating test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3.
b) Place secondary cell in temperature chamber.
-- For lithium battery, increase the temperature at 5°C/min rate until it reaches
130°C±2°C; maintain it for 30min; then stop heating.
-- For nickel-metal hydride battery, increase the temperature at 5°C/min rate until it
reaches 85°C±2°C; maintain it for 2h; then stop heating.
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.2.7 Crushing test
Crushing test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3.
b) Carry out test according to the following conditions.
— Crushing direction. apply pressure along the direction perpendicular to battery pole
plate (as shown in Figure 1)
— Crushing plate form. semi-cylinder with 75mm radius and length (L) greater than the
size of battery to be crushed.
— Crushing speed. (5±1)mm/s;
— Crushing degree. stop crushing when the voltage is 0V or deformation reaches 30%
or the crushing force reaches 200kN.
c) Observe it for 1h.
Figure 1 Crushing plate and crushing illustration for secondary cell
6.2.8 Puncturing test
Puncturing test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3;
b) Penetrate the secondary cell along the direction perpendicular to battery pole plate
at (25±5)mm/s speed by using high temperature resistance steel needle with
diameter of φ5mm~φ8mm (the coning angle of needle point is 45°~60° and the
surface of needle is clean and has no rustiness, oxide coating or greasy dirt); keep
the steel needle to be remained in the battery;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.2.9 Sea water immersion test
Sea water immersion test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3;
b) Immerse secondary cell into 3.5% NaCl solution (mass fraction, simulate sea water
composition under normal temperature) for 2h;
c) The water depth shall make secondary cell to be immersed completely.
6.2.10 Temperature cycling test
Temperature cycling test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3;
b) Place secondary cell into temperature chamber. Adjust the temperature of
temperature chamber according to Table 1 and Table 2.Repeat it for 5 times;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.2.11 Low atmospheric pressure test
Low atmospheric pressure test shall be carried out according to the following procedures.
a) Charge secondary cell according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.3;
b) Place secondary cell into low atmospheric pressure chamber. Adjust the pressure of
test chamber to 11.6kPa; the temperature is room temperature. Lay aside it for 6h;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.3 Safety test of battery module
6.3.1 General requirements
The battery module samples shall fulfill the following conditions.
-- The total voltage shall not be lower than 5 times of secondary cell voltage;
-- The rated capacity shall not be lower than 20Ah or be equal to rated capacity of
battery used for full-vehicle.
Note. Battery module to be tested can be made up of in-parallel and in-serial actual
modules.
All test items shall be carried out with sufficient safety protection measures. If the test
objective has additional active protection circuit or apparatus, it shall be removed.
6.3.2 Over-discharging test
Over-discharging test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge battery module according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.4;
b) Discharge battery module at 1I1(A) for 90 min;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.3.3 Over-charging test
Over-charging test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge battery module according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.4;
b) Charge at constant current of 1I1(A) and terminate when the secondary cell voltage
reaches 1.5 times of charge termination voltage specified by manufacturer or the
charge duration reaches 1h;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.3.4 Short-circuit test
Short-circuit test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge battery module according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.4;
b) Short-circuit positive and negative poles of the battery module externally for 10min
and the external circuit resistance shall be less than 5mΩ;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.3.5 Dropping test
Dropping test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge battery module according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.4;
b) Drop the secondary cell with positive and negative terminals downward from 1.2m
height to cement floor;
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.3.6 Heating test
Heating test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge battery module according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.4;
b) Place battery module in temperature chamber.
— For lithium battery, increase the temperature at 5°C/min rate until it reaches
130°C±2°C and maintain it for 30min. Then stop heating.
— For nickel-metal hydride battery, increase the temperature at 5°C/min rate until it
reaches 85°C±2°C and maintain it for 2h. Then stop heating.
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.3.7 Crushing test
Crushing test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge battery module according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.4;
b) Carry out test according to the following conditions.
— Crushing plate form. semi-cylinder with 75mm radius and its length shall be
greater than the size of battery to be crushed but exceed by no more than 1m.
— Crushing direction. same as the direction along which the battery has the most
possibility to be crushed in terms of battery modules layout on the full vehicle. If
the direction with the most possibility to be crushed is not available, apply
pressure along the direction perpendicular to the orientation of secondary cells
array (as shown in Figure 3);
— Crushing speed.(5±1)mm/s;
— Crushing degree. stop crushing when the deformation of battery module reaches
30% or the crushing force reaches the maximum value between 1000 times of
battery module mass and the value listed in Table 2.
— Maintain it for 10min.
c) Observe it for 1h.
6.3.8 Puncturing test
Puncturing test shall be carried out according to the following procedure.
a) Charge battery module according to the method in sub-clause 6.1.4.
b) Penetrate 3 successive secondary cells along the direction perpendicular to battery
pole plate (steel needle is remained in batter, as shown in Figure 4) at (25±5)mm/s
speed by using high temperature resistance steel needle with diameter of
φ6mm~φ10mm (the coning angle of needle point is 45°~60°; the surface of needle
is clean and has no rustiness, oxide coating or greasy dirt);
c) Observe it for 1h.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection classification, test items, requirements and sample quantity
The inspection classification, test items, requirements and sample quantity are shown in
Table 5.
7.2 Type inspection
7.2.1 In case of one of the following situations, type inspection shall be conducted.
— New product is launched into production or old product transfers production;
— Transfer manufacturing plant;
— Resume production after shutdown for over one year;
— Significant change of structure, process or materials.
7.2.2 Judgement rules
If one of test items of type inspection is unqualified, this product is judged as unqualified.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
Tips & Frequently Asked QuestionsQuestion 1: How long will the true-PDF of English version of GB/T 31485-2015 be delivered?Answer: The full copy PDF of English version of GB/T 31485-2015 can be downloaded in 9 seconds, and it will also be emailed to you in 9 seconds (double mechanisms to ensure the delivery reliably), with PDF-invoice. Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB/T 31485-2015_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of GB/T 31485-2015_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually paid for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet. Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?Answer: Yes. Our tax invoice, downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, includes all tax/VAT and complies with 100+ countries' tax regulations (tax exempted in 100+ countries) -- See Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs): List of DTAs signed between Singapore and 100+ countriesQuestion 4: Do you accept my currency other than USD?Answer: Yes. www.ChineseStandard.us -- GB/T 31485-2015 -- Click this link and select your country/currency to pay, the exact amount in your currency will be printed on the invoice. Full PDF will also be downloaded/emailed in 9 seconds. How to buy and download a true PDF of English version of GB/T 31485-2015?A step-by-step guide to download PDF of GB/T 31485-2015_EnglishStep 1: Visit website https://www.ChineseStandard.net (Pay in USD), or https://www.ChineseStandard.us (Pay in any currencies such as Euro, KRW, JPY, AUD).
Step 2: Search keyword "GB/T 31485-2015".
Step 3: Click "Add to Cart". If multiple PDFs are required, repeat steps 2 and 3 to add up to 12 PDFs to cart.
Step 4: Select payment option (Via payment agents Stripe or PayPal).
Step 5: Customize Tax Invoice -- Fill up your email etc.
Step 6: Click "Checkout".
Step 7: Make payment by credit card, PayPal, Google Pay etc. After the payment is completed and in 9 seconds, you will receive 2 emails attached with the purchased PDFs and PDF-invoice, respectively.
Step 8: Optional -- Go to download PDF.
Step 9: Optional -- Click Open/Download PDF to download PDFs and invoice.
See screenshots for above steps: Steps 1~3 Steps 4~6 Step 7 Step 8 Step 9
|