GB/T 232-2024 PDF English
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| GB/T 232-2024 | English | 170 |
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Metallic materials - Bend testing method
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| GB/T 232-2010 | English | 70 |
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Metallic materials -- Bend test
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| GB/T 232-1999 | English | 265 |
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Metallic materials--Bend test
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| GB/T 232-1988 | English | RFQ |
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GB/T 232-2024: Metallic materials - Bend testing method---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT232-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.040.10
CCS H 23
Replacing GB/T 232-2010
Metallic materials - Bend testing method
(ISO 7438.2020, Metallic materials - Bend test, MOD)
Issued on. MARCH 15, 2024
Implemented on. OCTOBER 1, 2024
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Symbols and descriptions... 5
5 Principles... 6
6 Test equipment... 6
6.1 General requirements... 6
6.2 Bending device with two supports... 8
6.3 Bending device with a V-block... 8
6.4 Bending device with a clamp... 8
6.5 Other bending devices... 8
7 Test pieces... 9
7.1 General requirements... 9
7.2 Edges of test pieces... 9
7.3 Width of the test piece... 9
7.4 Thickness of the test piece... 10
7.5 Test pieces from forged materials, cast materials and semi-finished products... 10
7.6 Test pieces with greater thickness and width... 10
7.7 Length of the test piece... 11
8 Test procedures... 11
9 Evaluation of test results... 13
10 Test report... 13
Appendix A (Normative) Bending test under plane strain conditions... 14
A.1 Overview... 14
A.2 General requirements... 15
A.3 Test piece... 16
A.4 Result evaluation... 16
A.5 Test report... 17
Appendix B (Informative) Determination method of bending angle by measuring the
displacement of the bending former... 18
References... 19
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020
Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of
standardizing documents.
This document replaces GB/T 232-2010 Metallic materials - Bend test. Compared with
GB/T 232-2010, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main
technical changes are as follows.
-- Figure 3 is changed (see Figure 3; see Figure 3 of the 2010 edition);
-- Requirements for test piece plane strain conditions are added (see 7.3);
-- Requirements for test pieces of forged materials, cast materials and semi-finished
products are changed (see 7.5; see 6.5 of the 2010 edition);
-- Some symbols and descriptions are changed; and the Lode angle parameter ̅,
stress triaxiality η and radius of supports R are added (see Table 1; see Table 1
of the 2010 edition);
-- A description of the bending test under plane strain conditions is added (see
Appendix A).
This document was modified in relation to ISO 7438.2020 Metallic materials - Bend
test.
Compared with ISO 7438.2020, the following structural adjustments are made in this
document.
-- 8.3 of ISO 7438.2020 is divided into 8.3 and 8.4, and 8.4 of ISO 7438.2020 is
postponed to 8.5;
-- The order of Appendix A and Appendix B is exchanged.
The technical differences between this document and ISO 7438.2020 and their reasons
are as follows.
-- The content "other bending devices that comply with the bending test principle
can be used" is added (see 6.5), and the turning-plate bending device is retained,
to meet Chinese national conditions;
-- The normative reference document GB/T 2975 is added (see 7.1) to ensure the
operability of the standard;
-- The "inner radius" is changed to "diameter of the former" (see 9.2) for better
operability;
-- The "square root of η" is changed to "η value" (see A.2) to keep it consistent with
the previous sentence.
The following editorial changes are made to this document.
-- The name of the standard is changed to "Metallic materials - Bend testing
method";
-- The reference to Figure 5 is added [see 8.2 a)].
Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents. The publisher
of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by the China Iron and Steel Association.
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Steel
of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC183).
Drafting organizations of this document. Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Kingland
Pipe Industry Co., Ltd., Rizhao Quality Inspection and Testing Institute [National
Carbon Structural Steel Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center (Shandong)],
Tongling Fuxin Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd.,
Jiangsu Chengxin Inspection, Testing and Certification Co., Ltd., Ningxia Jianlong
Special Steel Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Jianlong Xilin
Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Shandong Xindadi Holding Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang
Academy of Special Equipment Science, Shenzhen SUNS Technology Stock Co., Ltd.,
Jilin Jianlong Steel Co., Ltd., Shandong Special Equipment Inspection Institute Group
Co., Ltd., China Metallurgical Information and Standardization Institute, Wuhan
Fanzhou Chuetsu Metal Co., Ltd.
Main drafters of this document. Qiu Yu, Yang Weifang, Lu Xianbao, Ding Gang, Kuang
Yonghai, Zou Fanqiu, Gan Meilu, Wang Shifeng, Ma Yue, Xu Weili, Fu Chongjian,
Cheng Dongyue, Liu Jie, Zhao Junqing, Yao Xiaojing, Dong Li, Yao Lian, Zhang
Qingshui, Ni Guoliang, Cui Lei, Hou Huining, Zhang Xing, Su Zan, Wang Shuqiang,
Wang Bin, Wang Shangkun, Sun Dayong, Liu Zhongqiang, Zhang Haihua, Wang
Chunmao, Li Qiuhan, Zhang Qi, Mou Xueping, Zhang Qiang, Zhou Zhichao, Wu
Chaohui, Wang Wei.
This document was first published in 1963, revised for the first time in 1982, for the
second time in 1988, for the third time in 1999, and for the fourth time in 2010.This is
the fifth revision.
Metallic materials - Bend testing method
1 Scope
This document describes a test method for determining the ability of metallic materials
to withstand plastic deformation in bending.
This document is applicable to the bending test of test pieces specified in product
standards related to metal materials.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. Among them, for referenced
documents with a date, only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to this
document. For undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all
amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products - Location and preparation of samples and test
pieces for mechanical testing (GB/T 2975-2018, ISO 377.2017, MOD)
3 Terms and definitions
There are no terms or definitions that need to be defined in this document.
4 Symbols and descriptions
The symbols and descriptions used in this document are shown in Table 1.
5 Principles
The bending test is to subject a circular, square, rectangular or polygonal cross-section
test piece to bending plastic deformation on a bending device without changing the
direction of force until the specified bending angle is reached.
6 Test equipment
The angle of the tapered surface of the V-block shall be 180°-α (see Figure 2), and the
bending angle α shall be specified in the relevant product standards.
The device consists of a clamp and a bending former with sufficient hardness (see
Figure 3), and can be equipped with a force lever.
Other bending devices that comply with the bending test principle (such as a turning-
plate bending device) can also be used.
7 Test pieces
The width of the test piece shall comply with the provisions of the relevant product
standards. If no specific provisions are given, the following requirements shall apply.
By agreement, test pieces with a width greater than that specified in 7.3 and a thickness
greater than that specified in 7.4 may be used for the bending test.
The length of the test piece shall be determined based on the thickness (or diameter) of
the test piece and the test equipment used.
8 Test procedures
WARNING. Adequate safety measures and protective equipment shall be taken
during the test.
9 Evaluation of test results
The bending test results shall be evaluated in accordance with the requirements of
the relevant product standards.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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