GB/T 223.79-2007 PDF English
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Iron and steel -- Determination of multi-element contents -- X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Routine method)
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GB/T 223.79-2007: PDF in English (GBT 223.79-2007) GB/T 223.79-2007
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.080.01
H 11
Iron and Steel – Determination
of Multi-Element Contents – X-Ray
Fluorescence Spectrometry (Routine Method)
ISSUED ON. SEPTEMBER 11, 2007
IMPLEMENTED ON. FEBRUARY 1, 2008
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Principles ... 5
4 Reagents and Materials ... 5
5 Apparatus ... 5
6 Sampling and Sample Preparation ... 6
7 Preparation of Apparatus ... 8
8 Analytical Procedures ... 8
9 Result Calculation ... 12
10 Precision ... 12
11 Test Report ... 13
Appendix A (Normative) Specimen Analytical Value Acceptance Flow Chart . 15
Appendix B (Normative) Apparatus Precision Test... 16
Foreword
Appendix A in this Part of GB/T 223 is normative.
This Part was proposed by China Iron and Steel Industry Association.
This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee for
Standardization of Steel.
Drafting organization of this Part. Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Corporation.
Chief drafting staffs of this Part. Shen Ke, Liu Xiang, Li Xiaojie, and Gu Fang.
Iron and Steel – Determination
of Multi-Element Contents – X-Ray
Fluorescence Spectrometry (Routine Method)
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 223 specifies using x-ray fluorescence spectrometry to determine
the contents of silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, copper, aluminum, nickel,
chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, tungsten, and niobium.
This Part is applicable to cast iron, pig iron, non-alloy steel, low-alloy steel; the
determination range of each element can refer to Table 1.
Table 1 Elements and Determination Range
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Part of GB/T 223
through reference in this Part. For dated references, the subsequent amendments
(excluding corrigendum) or revisions do not apply to this Standard, however, parties
who reach an agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study if the latest
versions of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document applies.
GB/T 6379.1 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and
Analytical Elements Determination Range (Mass Fraction) / %
Results - Part 1. General Principles and Definitions (GB/T 6379.1-2004, ISO 5725-
1.1994, IDT)
GB/T 6379.2 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and
Results - Part 2. Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and
Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method (GB/T 6379.2-2004, ISO
5725-2.1994, IDT)
GB/T 16597 Analytical Methods of Metallurgical Products General Rule for X-Ray
Fluorescence Spectrometric Methods
GB/T 20066 Steel and Iron - Sampling and Preparation of Samples for the
Determination of Chemical Composition (GB/T 20066-2006, ISO 14284. 1996, IDT)
3 Principles
When the X-ray tube produced primary X-ray irradiates to the flat and smooth sample
surface, after the crystal light splitting of the produced characteristic X-ray, the detector
measures the X-ray fluorescence strength at the selected characteristic wavelength
corresponding 2θ angle. According to calibration curve and measured X-ray
fluorescence strength, calculate the mass fraction of silicon, manganese, phosphorus,
sulfur, copper, aluminum, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium,
tungsten, and niobium in the sample.
4 Reagents and Materials
4.1 P10 gas (mixed gas with 90% argon and 10% methane) used for flow-gas
proportional counter.
4.2 Certified standard sample/standard material
When the certified standard sample/standard material is used for daily analyzing and
plotting calibration curve, the contents of analytical elements in the selected serial
certified standard sample/standard material shall cover the analytical range and have
appropriate gradient; when performing drift correction against the apparatus, the
selected certified standard sample/standard material shall have good uniformity, and
is close to the upper and lower limit of the calibration curve.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Sample-preparing device
The cutting equipment adopts abrasive wheel cutting machine, specimen surface
7 Preparation of Apparatus
7.1 Working environment of apparatus
The working environment of apparatus shall conform to the provisions of GB/T 16597
Analytical Methods of Metallurgical Products General Rule for X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometric Methods.
7.2 Working conditions of apparatus
The X-ray spectrometer shall, before measurement, optimize the working conditions
as per the requirements of the manufacturer; and shall pre-heat at least 1h before
measurement to stabilize the apparatus.
8 Analytical Procedures
8.1 Measuring conditions
According to the type of apparatus used, type of specimen, analytical elements,
coexisting elements and change range of their contents, select appropriate measuring
conditions.
(1) The counting time of analytical elements depends on the content of
quantitative elements and the analytical accuracy to be achieved; it generally
is 5s~60s;
(2) The counting rate shall generally not exceed 4×105;
(3) The selection of light tube voltage and current shall consider the measuring
lowest excitation voltage of spectral line and rated power of light tube;
(4) When using several sample boxes, the sample box mask shall not significantly
influence the analytical results; the diameter of sample box mask is generally
about 20mm~35mm;
(5) Recommend the rotation working mode of sample box;
(6) The used analytical line, recommended used spectroscopic crystal, 2θ angle,
light tube voltage and current, and possible interference elements are listed
into Table 2.
be-tested elements in certified standard sample/standard material is confirmed;
otherwise, if there is significant difference, find out the reasons, re-calibrate and
confirm.
8.3 Unknown specimen analysis
8.3.1 Standardization of apparatus
Confirm and analyze the standardized sample regularly; when the apparatus occurs
drift, perform drift correction against the apparatus through measuring the X-ray
fluorescence intensity of the standardized sample.
Calculate as per the following formulas.
Where.
Ii – correction intensity of analytical element i;
I’i – measurement intensity of analytical element i;
I’h – measurement intensity of high-content standardized sample;
I’1 – measurement intensity of low-content standardized sample;
Ih – initial intensity of high-content standardized sample;
I1 – initial intensity of low-content standardized sample;
a, β – drift correction coefficient.
8.3.2 Confirmation of standardization
After drift correction, analyze the certified standard sample/standard material, and
confirm that the analytical value conforms to the provisions of 8.2.2, or is within the
accreditation range of the laboratory.
8.3.3 Measurement of unknown specimen
According to the working conditions selected in 8.1, use X-ray fluorescence
spectrometer to measure the fluorescence intensity of analytical elements in the
unknown samples, each sample shall be measured twice at least.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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