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GB/T 20197-2006 PDF English

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GB/T 20197-2006: Define, classify, marking and degradability requirement of degradable plastic
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GB/T 20197-2006: Define, classify, marking and degradability requirement of degradable plastic

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GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 83.140 G 33 Define, classify, marking and degradability requirement of degradable plastic Issued on. FEBRUARY 21, 2006 Implemented on. JANUARY 1, 2007 Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine; Standardization Administration Committee.

Table of Contents

Foreword... 3 1 Scope... 4 2 Normative references... 4 3 Terms and definitions... 6 4 Marks... 9 5 Technical requirements of degradability properties... 11 6 Test methods for degradation property... 14

Foreword

This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Plastic Products of Standardization Administration of China. Main drafting organization of this Standard. Light Industry Institute of Plastics Processing Applications The drafting organizations of this Standard. Wuhan Huali Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Korllin Ecoplastics Technology Co,. Ltd., Inner Mongolia Mengxi High-Tech Group Co., Ltd., Ningbo Tian’an Biologic Material Co., Ltd., Luwei New Material (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Tianjin Sitaili Degradable Plastic Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Hetianyi Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Fujian Blockbuster Biological Material Co., Ltd., Fujian Panasia Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd., National Plastic Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Beijing) and Sichuan University. Main drafters of this Standard. Weng Yunyi, Kong Li, Wang Shihe, Chen Xuejun, Zhang Xianbing, Mao Guoyu, Miao Lei, Ding Shaozhong, Jia Weisheng, Ye Xinjian, Liu Caixia, Hou Yong, Wang Yuzhong, Yang Huidi, Li Ziyi, and Chen Mingxing. This Standard is issued for the first time. Define, classify, marking and degradability requirement of degradable plastic

1 Scope

This Standard specifies terms and definitions, classification and marks, degradability requirements, and test methods of degradable plastic. This Standard applies to the following degradable material. - Natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or their mixtures; - Plastic material that contains additives such as plasticizers, pigments, or other compounds; - Water-soluble polymers; - Products processed by various types of degradable plastic materials.

2 Normative references

The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through reference in this Standard. For dated references, the subsequent amendments (excluding corrigendum) or revisions do not apply to this Standard, however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies. GB/T 1040 Plastics - Determination of tensile properties GB/T 1844.2 Plastic - Symbols and abbreviated - Part 2.Fillers and reinforcing materials (GB/T 1844.2-1995, neq ISO 1043-2.1987) GB/T 1844.3 Plastics - Symbols and abbreviated terms - Part 3.Plasticizers (GB/T 1844.3-1995, neq ISO 1043-3.1987) GB/T 7141 Plastics - Methods of heat aging GB/T 13022 Plastics - Determination of tensile properties of films (GB/T 13022-1991, neq ISO 1184.1983) GB/T 15596 Plastics - Determination of changes in color and variations in properties after exposure to daylight under glass, natural weathering or laboratory light sources (GB/T 15596-1995, eqv ISO 4582.1980) GB/T 17603 Method for outdoor exposure testing of photodegradable plastics

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this Standard. 3.1 Degradation A process that it is affected by environmental conditions after a certain time and contains one or more steps, through which the structure is changed significantly and loss of properties (such as integrity, relative molecular mass, structural or mechanical strength). Refer to deterioration (3.6). 3.4 Ultimate anaerobic biodegradation Under hypoxic conditions, the material is eventually decomposed by microorganisms to carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), water (H2O), mineralized salts with the elements, and new biomass. 3.5 Biological treatability Potential compostability of the material under aerobic conditions OR potential biological digestion ability of the material under anaerobic conditions. 3.6 Deterioration Plastic’s permanent changes of loss of physical properties due to some structural damages.

4 Marks

4.1 Classification Degradable plastic includes biodegradable plastic, compostable plastic, photo- degradable plastic sheet and heat- and/or oxide- degradable plastic, according to its designed final degradation mode. 4.2 Marking The marking for degradable plastic is as follows. Example. 4.3 Product material marking method Marks for degradable plastic products shall be on products or on the outer package according to the provisions in 4.2. 4.3.2 Multi-constituent product Multi-constituent products of polymers, mixture or alloy shall be arrayed in accordance with the mass percentage of main constituents of each kind, in large-small descending order. It shall use abbreviation to represent the polymers’ constituents, and separate the abbreviations with “+”, according to the provisions of 4.2. 4.3.3 Additive-containing products (optional) 4.4 Marks making Marks shall be made by molding, printing, embossing, branding or other clear marking methods that cannot be erased.

5 Technical requirements of degradability properties

5.1 Biodegradable plastic 5.1.1 Single polymer If the material is processed and made by single polymer, then the biodegradation rate shall be ≥60%; test method is shown in 6.1. 5.2 Compostable plastic 5.2.1 Single polymer If the material is processed and made by single polymer, then the biodegradation rate of compost shall be ≥60%, the degree of disintegration shall be ≥90%. The test method is shown in 6.2.1. 5.2.3 Compost quality Compost quality shall comply with quality standard for compost products in CJ/T 3059 (shown in Table 2). The test method is shown in 6.2.2. 5.3 Photo-degradable plastic sheet Photo-degradation exposure mode of photo-degradable plastic sheet shall use natural solarization or solarization by Xenon lamp in artificial accelerated aging box. Photo-degradability shall comply with the provisions in Table 3.The test method is shown in 6.3.

6 Test methods for degradation property

6.1 Biodegradability Biodegradation test shall be conducted according to GB/T 19277 and/or GB/T 19276.1 and/or GB/T 19276.2 and/or ISO 17556.2003 or ISO 14853.2005 or ISO 15985.2004.The test result shall be represented by the maximum biodegradable percentage. 6.2 Compostable property 6.3 Photo-degradation test 6.3.1 Exposure conditions Exposure mode of photo-degradation shall use natural solarization or solarization by Xenon lamp in artificial accelerated aging box. The specific solarization mode and conditions shall comply with the provisions in Table 5. 6.3.2 Retention rate of tensile elongation at break 6.3.2.1 Tensile elongation at break When sample thickness is less than 1 mm, conduct the test according to the provisions in GB/T 13022.Use type-I sample; take 5 samples. The test results shall be respectively represented by the arithmetic average of determination results. Tensile speed is (50±5) mm/min. 6.3.3 Mass decrease rate of weight average relative molecular mass Weight average relative molecular mass before and after photo-degradation of sample by high temperature gel chromatograph, and relative molecular mass separation range limit of gel material for relative molecular mass test shall include relative molecular mass that is less than 5000. 6.4 Heat- and/ or oxide- degradation Heat- and/ or oxide- degradation test shall be conducted according to ASTM D5510.1994 (2001). ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.


      

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