GB/T 13080-2018 PDF English
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GB/T 13080-2018 | English | 165 |
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Determination of lead in feeds -- Atomic absorption spectrometry
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GB/T 13080-2004 | English | 199 |
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Determination of lead in feeds -- Method using atomic absorption spectrometry
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GB/T 13080-1991 | English | 199 |
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Method for determination of lead in feeds
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GB/T 13080-2018: PDF in English (GBT 13080-2018) GB/T 13080-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 65.120
B 46
Replacing GB/T 13080-2004
Determination of lead in feeds - Atomic absorption
spectrometry
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 17, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2019
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Principle ... 4
4 Reagents or materials ... 5
5 Instruments and equipment ... 6
6 Sample ... 6
7 Test steps ... 6
Determination of lead in feeds - Atomic absorption
spectrometry
1 Scope
This Standard specifies flame atomic absorption spectrometry and graphite furnace
atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of lead in feeds.
This Standard is applicable to the determination of lead in compound feeds,
concentrated feeds, additive premix feeds, concentrate supplement and feed raw
materials.
When the sampling volume is 5 g and the constant volume is 50 mL, the quantification
limit for flame atomic absorption spectrometry is 2 mg/kg. When the sampling volume
is 1 g and the constant volume is 10 mL, the quantification limit for graphite furnace
atomic absorption spectrometry is 100 μg/kg.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 602, Chemical reagent - Preparations of standard solutions for impurity
GB/T 6682, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
GB 6819-2004, Dissolved acetylene
GB/T 14699.1, Feeding stuffs - Sampling
GB/T 20195, Animal feeding stuffs - Preparation of test samples
3 Principle
After the specimen is dry ashed, acid dissolved or wet digested, the lead is dissolved.
Use an atomic absorption spectrometer to measure the absorbance value at 283.3 nm.
Compare with the standard curve and quantify.
4 Reagents or materials
WARNING -- All kinds of strong acids shall be handled with care. Dilution and
use shall be carried out in a fume hood.
Unless otherwise stated, it shall only use the confirmed analytically-pure reagents in
the analysis. The reagents and solutions used in the test were prepared according to the
provisions of GB/T 602.
4.1 Water: Grade one water in GB/T 6682.
4.2 Nitric acid: Guaranteed reagent.
4.3 Perchloric acid: Guaranteed reagent.
4.4 Hydrofluoric acid.
4.5 Hydrochloric acid solution (0.6 mol/L): Measure 5 mL of hydrochloric acid. Use
water to dilute to 100 mL. Mix well.
4.6 Hydrochloric acid solution (6mol/L): Measure 50 mL of hydrochloric acid. Use
water to dilute to 100 mL. Mix well.
4.7 Nitric acid solution (0.5mol/L): Measure 3.6 mL of nitric acid. Use water to dilute
to 100 mL. Mix well.
4.8 Nitric acid solution (6mol/L): Measure 43 mL of nitric acid. Use water to dilute to
100 mL. Mix well.
4.9 Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution (10.0 mg/mL): Weigh 1.0 g of
ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. Use water to dissolve and dilute to 100 mL. Mix
well.
4.10 Magnesium nitrate solution (0.6 mg/mL): Weigh 60.0 mg of magnesium nitrate.
Use water to dissolve and dilute to 100 mL. Mix well.
4.11 Lead standard stock solution (1.0 mg/mL): Accurately weigh 1.598 g of lead nitrate
[Pb(NO3)2]. Add 10 mL of nitric acid solution (4.8) to completely dissolve. Transfer to
a 1000 mL volumetric flask. Add water to dilute and set the volume constant to the scale.
Mix well. Store in a PTFE bottle. Store at 4°C. The validity is 6 months. Or purchase
certified reference materials to prepare corresponding concentrations.
4.12 Lead standard intermediate solution (10.0 μg/mL): Accurately pipette 1.00 mL of
lead standard stock solution (4.11) into a 100 mL volumetric flask. Add water to dilute
to the scale. Mix well. Prepare when it is required.
4.13 Lead standard working solution (100 ng/mL): Accurately pipette 1.00 mL of lead
Do two tests in parallel. Weigh 5 g of the specimen (accurate to 0.0001 g) in a porcelain
crucible. Heat slowly on an adjustable electric furnace at 100°C~300°C to carbonize
the specimen until it is smokeless. Move the crucible into a muffle furnace at 550°C for
ashing for 2 h ~ 4 h. After cooling, use 2 mL of water to wet the carbide. If there is still
a small amount of carbon particles, nitric acid solution (4.8) can be dropped to wet the
residue. Move the crucible to an adjustable electric heating plate or an adjustable
electric furnace to dry on low heat. Move to a muffle furnace for ashing for 2 h. After
cooling, add 2 mL of water along the crucible wall.
Draw 5 mL of hydrochloric acid solution (4.6) and add it dropwise into the crucible.
Turn the crucible while adding until the solution overflows without bubbles. Then add
all the remaining hydrochloric acid solution. Then add 5 mL of nitric acid solution (4.8).
Turn the crucible. Use an adjustable electric heating plate or an adjustable electric stove
to heat until the digestive juice reaches 2 mL ~ 3 mL (be careful not to splash). Remove.
After cooling, use water to transfer the digestion solution to a 50 mL volumetric flask.
Add a little water to rinse the crucible several times. The washing solution is merged
into the volumetric flask. Dilute to the scale. Shake well. Use ash-free filter paper to
filter for later use. At the same time, prepare a reagent blank solution.
7.1.1.2 Perchloric acid digestion
WARNING -- Be careful not to burn dry when using perchloric acid. Be careful of
explosion.
It is suitable for additive premixed feeds containing organic matter.
Do two tests in parallel. Weigh 1 g of specimen (accurate to 0.0001 g) in a
polytetrafluoroethylene crucible. Add water to wet the sample. Add 10 mL of nitric acid
(for samples containing more silicates, add 5 mL of hydrofluoric acid). Put it in a fume
hood for 2 h. Add 5 mL of perchloric acid. Heat to digest on an adjustable electric stove
below 250°C. Wait until the digestive solution emits white smoke. Remove. After
cooling, use water to transfer to a 50.0 mL volumetric flask. Rinse the crucible several
times with a little water. The washing solution is put into the volumetric flask and
diluted to the scale. Shake well. Use ashless filter paper to filter for later use. At the
same time, prepare the reagent blank solution.
7.1.1.3 Hydrochloric acid dissolution method
It is suitable for additive premix feeds without organic matter.
Do two tests in parallel. According to the expected content, weigh 1 g ~ 5 g of specimen
(accurate to 0.0001 g) in a porcelain crucible. Add 2 mL of water to wet the specimen.
Pipette 5 mL of hydrochloric acid solution (4.6). Add dropwise to the crucible. Turn the
crucible while adding until the solution overflows without bubbles. Then add all the
remaining hydrochloric acid solution. Then add 5 mL of nitric acid solution (4.8). Move
the crucible to an adjustable electric furnace to heat and digest on low heat. Remove
until the digestive solution reaches 2 mL ~ 3 mL (be careful not to splash out). After
cooling, use water to transfer to a 50.0 mL volumetric flask. Add a little water to rinse
the crucible several times. The washing solution is put into the volumetric flask and
diluted to the scale. Shake well. Use ashless filter paper to filter for later use. At the
same time, prepare the reagent blank solution.
7.1.2 Standard curve drawing
Set the instrument to buckle background mode. Respectively pipette 0 mL, 1.0 mL, 2.0
mL, 4.0 mL, 8.0 mL of lead standard intermediate solutions (4.12) into 50.0 mL
volumetric flasks. Add 1 mL of hydrochloric acid solution (4.6). Use water to set the
volume constant to the scale. Shake well. Import into an atomic absorption
spectrophotometer. Use water for zero adjustment. Measure the absorbance value at a
wavelength of 283.3 nm. Draw the standard curve with the absorbance value as the
vertical axis and the concentration as the horizontal axis.
7.1.3 Determination
Under the same test conditions, measure the absorbance value of reagent blank and
specimen solution. Compare with the standard curve and quantify.
7.1.4 Test data processing
The content of lead in the specimen is calculated as mass fraction w. The value is
expressed in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), calculated according to formula (1):
Where,
ρ1 - the mass concentration of lead in the specimen solution, in micrograms per milliliter
(μg/mL);
ρ2 - the mass concentration of lead in the blank reagent, in micrograms per milliliter
(μg/mL);
V - the total volume of the specimen solution, in milliliters (mL);
m - the mass of the specimen, in grams (g).
Report the results as the arithmetic mean of the results of two parallel samples. Results
shall be expressed to two decimal places.
7.1.5 Precision
Under repeatability conditions, the relative deviation between the obtained two
independent measurement results shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
7.2.3 Standard curve drawing
Respectively and accurately pipette an appropriate volume of lead standard working
solution (4.13). Prepare lead standard series solutions with concentrations of 0 μg/L, 10
μg/L, 20 μg/L, 30 μg/L, 40 μg/L, and 50 μg/L. Respectively pipette 10 μL into the
graphite furnace. Add 5 μL of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution (4.9) and 5
μL of magnesium nitrate solution (4.10). Use nitric acid solution (4.7) for zero
adjustment. Measure the absorbance value of the standard series solutions at a
wavelength of 283.3 nm. Draw the standard curve with the absorbance value as the
vertical axis and the concentration as the horizontal axis. If the concentration of the
specimen solution exceeds the range of the standard curve, it can be diluted with nitric
acid solution (4.7) to determine within the linear range.
NOTE: For instruments with automatic sampling, the automatic sampler can be used to complete
the preparation of standard series solutions and the dilution of specimen solutions.
7.2.4 Determination of specimen solution
Under the same test conditions, inject 10 μL of specimen solution, 5 μL of ammonium
dihydrogen phosphate solution (4.9) and 5 μL of magnesium nitrate solution (4.10) into
the graphite furnace. Measure the absorbance value. Compare with the standard curve
and quantify.
7.2.5 Test data processing
The content of lead in the specimen is calculated as mass fraction w. The value is
expressed in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), calculated according to formula (2):
Where,
ρ1 - the mass concentration of lead in the specimen solution, in micrograms per liter
(μg/L);
ρ2 - the mass concentration of lead in the blank reagent, in micrograms per liter (μg/L);
V - the total volume of the sample solution, in milliliters (mL);
m - the specimen mass, in grams (g);
1000 - the unit conversion factor.
Report the results as the arithmetic mean of the results of two parallel samples. Results
shall be expressed to two decimal places.
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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