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GB 5009.244-2016 PDF in English


GB 5009.244-2016 (GB5009.244-2016) PDF English
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GB 5009.244-2016English90 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery. National Food Safety Standard -- Determination of chlorine dioxide in food Valid
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GB 5009.244-2016: PDF in English

GB 5009.244-2016 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA National food safety standard - Determination of chlorine dioxide in food ISSUED ON. AUGUST 31, 2016 IMPLEMENTED ON. MARCH 1, 2017 Issued by. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China Table of Contents Foreword ... 3 1 Scope ... 4 2 Principle ... 4 3 Reagents and materials ... 4 4 Apparatus ... 8 5 Analytical procedures ... 8 6 Expression of analytical results ... 10 7 Precision ... 10 8 Others ... 10 Annex A Standard curve of chlorine dioxide ... 11 Foreword This Standard replaces SN/T 1954-2007, Determination of chlorine dioxide residues in iced meat for import and export – Spectrophotometric method. Compared with SN/T 1954-2007, the major technical changes of this Standard are as follows. -- it changes test methods and their applicable scope; -- it adds classification of samples; -- it changes sample processing conditions; -- it changes detection limit and adds quantitative limit. National food safety standard - Determination of chlorine dioxide in food 1 Scope This Standard specifies the spectrophotometric method for the determination of chlorine dioxide in vegetables, fruits, livestock and poultry meat and aquatic products. This Standard applies to the determination of chlorine dioxide in vegetables, fruits, livestock and poultry meat and aquatic products. 2 Principle Use phosphate buffer to extract chlorine dioxide in sample; after refrigerated centrifugation, use fibre filter paper for filtration; use glycine as the masking agent to eliminate the false positive interferences of the substances such as Cl2 and ClO-; add N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) colour developing agent for developing with chlorine dioxide; use the spectrophotometric method to measure the maximum absorbance at 552 nm to determine the content of chlorine dioxide in food. 3 Reagents and materials Unless specified otherwise, all reagents used are analytically pure and the water is grade two water as specified in GB/T 6682. 3.1 Reagents 3.1.1 Glycine (C2H5NO2). 3.1.2 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA) (C10H14N2Na2O8). 3.1.3 Potassium iodide (KI). purity 99.5%. 3.1.4 Sodium chlorite (NaClO2). 3.1.5 Acetic acid (CH3COOH). 3.1.6 Sulfuric acid (H2SO4). 3.1.7 Anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na2SO4). 3.1.8 Sodium hydroxide (NaOH). 3.1.9 Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4). 3.1.10 N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD). 3.1.11 Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3). 3.1.12 Soluble starch. 3.1.13 Potassium dichromate (Cr2K2O7). 3.1.14 High-purity nitrogen. 3.2 Preparation of reagents 3.2.1 DPD colour developing agent (1 g/L). weigh 1 g of DPD (3.1.10) to dissolve in chloride-free grade two water (3.2.2) containing 8 mL of sulfuric acid solution (1 + 3) and 200 mg of EDTA; use chloride-free grade two water to dilute to 1,000 mL; store in a brown glass bottle with stopper; store in a dark place. 3.2.2 Oxidizing chloride-free grade two water. add sodium sulfite (3.1.4) in grade two water; reduce oxidizing chloride to chloride ion (no colour develops when checked using DPD); carry out distillation. The water obtained is oxidizing chloride-free grade two water. 3.2.3 Glycine solution (10%). take 10 g of glycine (3.1.1); use water to dissolve; make up to 100 mL. 3.2.4 Sodium hydroxide solution (2 mol/L). weigh 80 g of sodium hydroxide; use water to dissolve; make up to 1 L. 3.2.5 Sodium hydroxide solution (0.1 mol/L). weigh 4 g of sodium hydroxide; use water to dissolve; make up to 1 L. 3.2.6 Sulfuric acid solution (1 mol/L). measure 54 mL of 98.4% sulfuric acid (3.1.6); slowly add into about 300 mL of distilled water; after cooling, transfer to a volumetric flask; use about 20 mL of distilled water to wash the container for 3 times; also transfer the washings to the volumetric flask; use water to make up to 1 L. 3.2.7 Potassium dihydrogen phosphate [c(KH2PO4) = 0.1 mol/L]. use water to dissolve 13.61 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (3.1.9); make up to 1 L. 3.2.8 Phosphate buffer solution (pH = 6.5). take 500 mL of 0.1 mol/L KH2PO4 and 81 mL of 0.1 mol/L NaOH; use water to dilute to 1 L. 3.2.9 Sodium chlorite saturated solution. take an appropriate amount of sodium chlorite (3.1.4) to place in a beaker; add a small amount of water; stir to make a saturated solution (the solubility of sodium chlorite is quite high, so it shall be prepared in accordance with the amount required). 3.2.10 Preparation of sodium thiosulfate standard solution [c(Na2S2O3) = 0.1000 mol/L]. weigh 16 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate (3.1.7); dissolve in 1 L of water; heat to boil for 10 min; allow to cool; filter to use after two weeks’ storage in dark. 3.2.11 Calibration of sodium thiosulfate standard solution [c(Na2S2O3) = 0.1000 mol/L]. weigh 0.15 g of benchmark potassium dichromate (3.1.13) dried to constant weight at 120°C, accurate to 0.000 1 g; place into an iodine flask; add 25 mL of water; after dissolving, add 2 g of potassium iodide and 20 mL of 20% sulfuric acid solution; shake up; store in dark for 10 min. Add 150 mL of water; use prepared sodium thiosulfate standard solution (3.2.10) for titration; add 3 mL of starch indicating liquid (5 g/L) (3.1.12) near the end; continue titration until the solution changes from blue into bright green. Meanwhile, carry out blank test. 3.2.12 Starch indicator (5 g/L). weigh 5.0 g of starch to place into a beaker of 50 mL; measure 1 L of distilled water; use several drops to make starch into a paste; then take about 900 mL of water to heat to slightly boiling when pour the pasty starch in; use the residual distilled water to wash the beaker of 50 mL for 3 times; pour the washings into the beaker; then add 1 drop of 10% hydrochloric acid; slightly boil for 3 min. 3.2.13 Starch solution (1%). weigh 1 g of soluble starch; use a small amount of water to make a paste; use 100 mL of boiling water to dissolve it; heat to boil until clarified. 3.3 Standard substances 3.3.1 Preparation of chlorine dioxide standard stock solution Add 300 mL of pure water into bottle A; connect the glass at one end of bottle A to air compressor and another glass tube to bottle B. Bottle B is a high-strength borosilicate glass bottle with three glass tubes at the opening; the first one is inserted to 5 mm to the bottom to introduce air; the second is connected with a graduated cylindrical separating funnel with its lower end stretching to below the liquid level; the lower end of the third is apart from the liquid level and the upper end is connected with bottle C. Dissolve 10 g of sodium chlorite in 750 mL of pure water and pour into bottle B; load 20 mL of sulfuric acid solution in the separating funnel. Bottle C is loaded with the scrubber tower of sodium chlorite saturated solution. Bottle D is a borosilicate glass receiving flask of 2 L, which contains 1,500 mL of pure water used to absorb the chlorine dioxide generated; the residual gas is discharged through exhaust pipes. The whole apparatus is placed in a fuming cupboard. For the generation and absorption apparatus of chlorine dioxide see Figure 1. Figure 1 – Generation-absorption apparatus of chlorine dioxide Start air compressor to make the air pass through the whole apparatus evenly. Add 5 mL of sulfuric acid solution through separating funnel every 5 min. After adding sulfuric acid solution for the last time, the air flow shall be maintained for 30 min. Pour the yellow chlorine dioxide stock solution obtained into a brown bottle and store it in a refrigerator with its stopper on for storage. Its mass concentration is about 250 mg/L ~ 600 mg/L, which is equivalent to 500 mg/L ~ 1,200 mg/L active chlorine (Cl2). 3.3.2 Calibration of chlorine dioxide standard stock solution Add 100 mL of pure water, 1 g of potassium iodide and 5 mL of acetic acid into an iodine flask of 250 mL; shake the iodine flask to make potassium iodide fully dissolve. Add 10.00 mL of chlorine dioxide standard solution before storing in dark for 5 min. Use sodium thiosulfate standard solution of 0.1 mol/L (3.2.10) for titration until the solution appears faint yellow; add 1 mL of starch solution; continue titration to the end. Add the same amount of reagents in accordance with the above-mentioned procedures (but only chlorine dioxide is not added); use sodium thiosulfate standard solution for titration until blue disappears; record the amount of blank used. The concentration of chlorine dioxide standard stock solution is calculated in accordance with Equation (1). where. ρ(ClO2) – the concentration of chlorine dioxide standard stock solution, in mg/mL; c – the concentration of sodium thiosulfate standard solution, in mol/L; V1 – the volume of sodium thiosulfate standard solution used for titration of chlorine dioxide, in mL; Separating funnel V0 – the volume of sodium thiosulfate standard solution used for titration of blank, in mL; V2 – the volume of chlorine dioxide, in mL; 13.49 – the mass of chlorine dioxide, expressed in mg, which is equivalent to 1.00 mL of sodium thiosulfate standard solution [c(Na2S2O3) = 0.1000 mol/L] (3.2.10). 3.4 Preparation of chlorine dioxide standard solution 1 mL of the solution contains 0.25 mg of chlorine dioxide (ClO2); in accordance with the concentration of chlorine dioxide stock solution to be determined, absorb a certain amount of chlorine dioxide standard stock solution and use chloride-free grade two water (3.2.2) to dilute. The solution is prepared immediately before use. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. 4.2 Homogenizer. ≥ 8,000 r/min. 4.3 Centrifugal machine. ≥ 10,000 r/min. 4.4 Conical flasks with stopper. 100 mL. 4.5 Filter membranes. 0.22 μm. 4.6 Pipettes. 1.0 mL, 2.0 mL, 5.0 mL and 10.0 mL. 4.7 Analytical balance. 5 Analytical procedures 5.1 Sample preparation Take about 1 kg of representative sample from all sample product; use a masher to mash sample completely and uniformly; divide sample into two equal parts; load them in clean containers as test sample. Seal and label. 5.2 Sample preservation Sample is preserved at below - 18°C. During the operating process of sampling and preparation, prevent sample from being polluted or residue content changing. 5.3 Extraction 5.3.1 Fruits and vegetables Weigh 1.00 g (accurate to 0.01 g) of sample to place into a centrifuge tube of 50 mL; add 20 mL of phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.5) (3.2.8); carry out homogeneous extraction for 3 min at 8,000 r/min; carry out refrigerated centrifugation in a high-speed centrifugal machine for 10 min at 10,000 r/min; take out; use fibre filter paper to filter into a colourimetric tube with stopper of 10 mL for the determination on a spectrophotometer. 5.3.2 Livestock-Poultry Products and aquatic products Weigh 1.00 g (accurate to 0.01 g) of sample to place into a centrifugal tube of 100 mL; add 50 mL of phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.5) (3.2.8); carry out homogeneous extraction for 3 min at 8,000 r/min; carry out refrigerated centrifugation in a high-speed centrifugal machine for 10 min at 10,000 r/min; take out; use fibre filter paper to filter into a colourimetric tube with stopper of 10 mL for the determination on a spectrophotometer. 5.4 Determination 5.4.1 Plotting of standard curve Add a certain amount of chlorine dioxide standard using solution to a series of 10 mL stoppered colourimetric tubes to make the concentrations of all tubes equal to chlorine dioxide standard solutions of 0.00 mg/L, 0.05 mg/L, 0.10 mg/L, 0.50 mg/L, 1.00 mg/L, 2.00 mg/L and 5.00 mg/L. Add respectively 1.0 mL of phosphate buffer solution (3.2.8), 1.0 mL of DPD solution (3.2.1) and 1.0 mL of glycine solution; make up to scale and shake up; within 60 s, use cuvettes of 1 cm to measure the absorbance at 552 nm; plot standard curve using the concentration of standard working solution as the abscissa and the response value (absorbance value) as the ordinate. See Annex A. 5.4.2 Determination of chlorine dioxide in sample Take 5 mL of filtrate to pour into a stoppered colourimetric tube of 10 mL; add 1 mL of glycine solution (3.2.3) to the filtrate to mix up; add 1 mL of phosphate buffer solution (3.2.8) and 1.0 mL of DPD solution (3.2.1); use water to make up to 10 mL and shake up. Immediately within 60 s, use cuvettes of 1 cm to measure the absorbance at 552 nm; obtain the concentration of chlorine dioxide in accordance with the standard curve. NOTE. The whole process shall be carried out in dark. 6 Expression of analytical results The content of chlorine dioxide in sample is calculated in accordance with Equation (2). where. X – the content of ClO2 in sample, in mg/kg; c – the concentration of ClO2 in sample solution, in mg/L; c0 – the concentration of ClO2 in reagent blank, in mg/L; V – the final making-up volume of sample solution, in mL; m – the mass of sample represented by final sample solution, in g. The result of calculation is rounded off to the second decimal place. 7 Precision The absolute difference between two results measured independently under repeatable conditions shall not be greater than 10% of their arithmetic mean value. 8 Others The detection limit of the method is 0.65 mg/kg; the quantitative limit of fruits and vegetables is 2.00 mg/kg; the quantitative limit of meat and aquatic products is 5.00 mg/kg. Annex A Standard curve of chlorine dioxide For the standard curve of chlorine dioxide see Figure A.1. Figure A.1 – Standard curve of chlorine dioxide ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.