GB 4789.39-2013 PDF in English
GB 4789.39-2013 (GB4789.39-2013) PDF English
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| GB 4789.39-2013 | English | 160 |
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National Food Safety Standard -- Food Microbiological Examination -- Counting of fecal coliform
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| GB/T 4789.39-2008 | English | 319 |
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Microbiological examination of food hygiene -- Enumeration of faecal coliforms
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Standards related to (historical): GB 4789.39-2013
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GB 4789.39-2013: PDF in English GB 4789.39-2013
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National Food Safety Standard - Food Microbiological
Examination - Counting of fecal coliform
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 29, 2013
IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 01, 2014
Issued by: National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's
Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Terms and definitions... 4
3 Equipment and materials for technical requirements ... 4
4 Culture media and reagents ... 5
5 Inspection procedures ... 5
6 Operation steps ... 6
Appendix A Media and reagents ... 8
Appendix B Determination of optimal three serial dilutions ... 10
Appendix C Table of the most probable number (MPN) of fecal coliform ... 11
National Food Safety Standard - Food Microbiological
Examination - Counting of fecal coliform
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the method for counting of fecal coliform in food.
This Standard applies to the counting of fecal coliform in various foods.
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 Fecal coliform
A group of aerobic and facultative anaerobic gram-negative bacillus bacteria –
cultivated at 44.5 °C for 24 h ~ 48 h – that can ferment lactose, and produce acid and
gas. The flora comes from the feces of humans and warm-blooded animals, and is
used as an indicator of fecal contamination to evaluate the hygiene status of food and
to infer the possibility of contamination by enteric pathogens in food.
3 Equipment and materials for technical requirements
In addition to the routine sterilization and culture equipment in the microbiology
laboratory, other equipment and materials are as follows:
a) Constant temperature incubator: 36 °C ± 1 °C;
b) Refrigerator: 2 °C ~ 5 °C;
c) Constant temperature water bath: 44.5 °C ± 0.2 °C;
d) Balance: sensitive 0.1 g;
e) Homogenizer;
f) Oscillator;
g) Sterile pipette: 1 mL (scale of 0.01 mL), 10 mL (scale of 0.1 mL), or
micropipette and tip;
h) Sterile conical flask: capacity 500 mL;
i) Sterile petri dish: diameter 90 mm;
6 Operation steps
6.1 Dilution of samples
6.1.1 Solid and semi-solid samples: Weigh 25 g of the sample; put it in a sterile
homogenizing cup containing 225 mL of phosphate buffer saline or normal saline;
homogenize it at 8 000 r/min ~ 10 000 r/min for 1 min ~ 2 min to make a 1:10
sample homogenate solution; OR put it in a sterile homogenizing bag containing 225
mL of diluent; use a flapping homogenizer to beat it for 1 ~ 2 min to make a 1:10
sample homogenate solution.
6.1.2 Liquid sample: Use a sterile pipette to take 25 mL of sample; put it in a sterile
conical flask containing 225 mL of phosphate buffer saline or normal saline (preset
an appropriate number of sterile glass beads in the bottle); mix well to make a 1:10
sample homogenate solution.
6.1.3 The pH value of the sample homogenate solution shall be 6.5 ~ 7.5; use 1
mol/L NaOH or 1 mol/L HCl to adjust if necessary.
6.1.4 Use a 1 mL sterile pipette or micropipette to draw 1 mL of the 1:10 sample
homogenate solution; slowly inject it along the tube wall into a sterile test tube
containing 9 mL of phosphate buffer saline or normal saline (the pipette or tip shall
not touch the diluent liquid level); shake the test tube or use a 1 mL sterile pipette for
repeated pipetting to make it evenly mixed, to make a 1:100 sample homogenate
solution.
6.1.5 According to the estimation of the contamination status of the sample, make a
serial dilution of homogenate sample in ten-fold increments. For each incremental
dilution, use a new 1 mL sterile pipette or tip. From the preparation of the sample
homogenate solution to the completion of the sample inoculation, the whole process
shall not exceed 15 minutes.
6.2 Initial fermentation test
For each sample, select 3 appropriate serial dilutions of sample homogenate
solutions (a stock solution can be selected for the liquid sample); for each dilution,
inoculate 3 tubes of lauryl sulfate tryptone (LST) broth; for each tube, inoculate 1
mL (if the inoculum volume needs to exceed 1 mL, use double LST broth); incubate
at 36 °C ± 1 °C for 24 h ± 2 h; observe whether there are bubbles in the inverted tube;
perform a re-fermentation test for those which produce gas within 24 h; if no gas is
produced, continue to cultivate to 48 h ± 2 h. Record the number of LST broth tubes
producing gas within 24 h and 48 h. Those producing no gas are negative for fecal
coliform; those producing gas shall be subjected to a re-fermentation test.
If multiple dilutions are used, see Appendix B for the final determination of the
optimal three serial dilutions.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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