GB 4789.25-2024 PDF in English
GB 4789.25-2024 (GB4789.25-2024) PDF English
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National Food Safety Standards--Food Microbiological Inspection--Sampling and Sample Processing of Alcoholic Beverages, Frozen Beverages
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| GB/T 4789.25-2003 | English | 139 |
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Microbiological examination of food hygiene -- Examination of wines
| Valid |
| GB 4789.25-1994 | English | RFQ |
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Microbiological examination of food hygiene. Examination of wines
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| GB 4789.25-1984 | English | RFQ |
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Microbiological examination of food hygiene--Examination of wines
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Standards related to (historical): GB 4789.25-2024
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GB 4789.25-2024: PDF in English GB 4789.25-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National food safety standard - Food microbiology testing -
Sampling and sample processing for wines, beverages and
frozen drinks
ISSUED ON: FEBRUARY 8, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 8, 2024
Issued by: National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China;
State Administration for Market Regulation.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Equipment and materials ... 4
3 Sampling ... 4
4 Sample processing ... 6
5 Inspection ... 8
National food safety standard - Food microbiology testing -
Sampling and sample processing for wines, beverages and
frozen drinks
1 Scope
This standard specifies the sampling and sample processing methods for wines,
beverages, and frozen drinks.
This standard applies to the sampling and sample processing of wines (including
fermented alcoholic drinks and their integrated alcoholic beverages), beverages,
packaged drinking water (including drinking natural mineral water), and frozen drinks.
2 Equipment and materials
2.1 Sampling tools
Sampling tools shall be made of stainless steel or other materials of appropriate strength,
with smooth surfaces, rounded corners, and no gaps. Sampling tools shall be cleaned,
sterilized, and kept dry before use. Sampling tools include stirring utensils, pipettes,
sampling spoons, scoops, knives, sampling drills, scissors, tweezers, etc.
2.2 Sample container
The material (such as glass, stainless steel, and plastic) and structure of the sample
container shall be able to fully ensure the original state of the sample. Containers and
lids shall be clean, sterile, and dry. The sample container shall be of sufficient volume
so that the sample can be fully mixed before testing. Sample containers include
sampling bags, sampling tubes, sampling bottles, etc.
2.3 Other supplies
The thermometer, aluminum foil, sealing film, sampling registration form, sterile
filtration device, alcohol lamp, etc. are included.
3 Sampling
3.1 Sampling principles and sampling plans
Sampling principles and sampling plans shall be implemented in accordance with the
provisions of GB 4789.1.
The number of sampling pieces n shall be implemented in accordance with the
requirements of relevant food safety standards. The sampling volume of each sample
shall not be less than 5 times the sample volume of the inspection unit, or determined
according to the purpose of inspection. The following specifies the sampling
requirements for 1 food sample.
3.2 Wines
3.2.1 It is applicable to fermented alcoholic drinks and their integrated alcoholic
beverages, etc.
3.2.2 Wines in individual packages of less than or equal to 1000 mL: Take individual
packages from the same batch.
3.2.3 Wines with a volume of more than 1000 mL in individual packages: Individual
packages can be taken, or the liquid may be shaken or stirred with a sterile stick before
sampling, and after mixing, an appropriate amount of sample may be pipetted and
placed in the same sterile sampling container.
3.3 Liquid beverages
3.3.1 It is applicable to liquid beverages without ethanol or with ethanol content not
exceeding 0.5% by mass fraction, packaged drinking water (including drinking natural
mineral water), and liquid beverages containing solid or semi-solid ingredients.
3.3.2 Liquid beverages in individual packages of less than or equal to 1000 mL: Take
individual packages from the same batch.
3.3.3 Liquid beverages with individual packages larger than 1000 mL: Individual
packages can be taken, or the liquid can be shaken or stirred with a sterile stick before
sampling, and after mixing, an appropriate amount of sample can be pipetted and placed
in the same sterile sampling container.
3.4 Solid beverages
3.4.1 Solid beverages in individual packages of less than or equal to 1000 g: Take
individual packages from the same batch.
3.4.2 Solid beverages with individual packages larger than 1000 g: Individual packages
can be taken, or appropriate amounts of samples can be taken from different parts of
the same package with a sterile sampling tool and placed into the same sterile sampling
container.
3.5 Frozen drinks
3.5.1 Frozen drinks in individual packages of less than or equal to 1000 g(mL): Take
or use sterilized scissors to cut off the part of the wooden (plastic) stick exposed outside
the sample.
4.2.5 If the liquid sample contains solid or semi-solid components, for the sample with
a volume of less than 200 mL, all the contents shall be homogenized before sampling
and testing; for the sample with a volume of more than 200 mL, it can be mixed upside
down, and then 200 mL of the sample is taken and homogenized before sampling and
testing.
4.2.6 Liquid samples containing gas shall be poured into a sterilized container first, with
the lid loose, and shaken gently to expel the gas. When shaking, avoid contaminating
the operating table with the gas-containing liquid, and cover it with gauze if necessary.
After all the gas is expelled, take a sample for inspection.
4.2.7 For solid beverages that can produce gas after dissolution, after adding the
corresponding diluent or enrichment solution, shake it thoroughly to allow all the gas
to be expelled before proceeding to the next step of inspection.
4.3 Dilution
4.3.1 The dilution method and dilution multiple shall be selected in accordance with the
methods specified in the relevant food safety standards.
4.3.2 After weighing or quantifying, the sample to be tested shall be diluted at a ratio
of 1:10. If there are large particles in the diluent after mixing, it can be stirred, or placed
in a sterile homogenizing cup or sterile homogenizing bag for homogenization to
prepare a homogenous sample solution.
4.3.3 If the product standard stipulates that the total number of colonies is less than 10
CFU/g or 10 CFU/mL, the diluent of the first dilution shall be used, and the undiluted
stock solution can be used for liquid samples. If the original solution or 1:10 diluent is
too viscous, increase the dilution factor.
4.3.4 If the solid sample requires the initial diluent with a concentration higher than
1:10 to obtain the test results, the dilution factor can be appropriately reduced. The
membrane filtration method can also be used for inspection. See 4.4 for specific
operations.
4.4 Handling of food samples requiring inspection by membrane filtration method
4.4.1 It is applicable to filterable wines, beverages, packaged drinking water (including
drinking natural mineral water), edible ice cubes, as well as diluted filterable beverage
slurries and solid beverage samples.
4.4.2 Pore size of sterile filter membranes: For bacteria testing, use a filter membrane
with a pore size of no more than 0.45 μm; for mold and yeast testing, use a filter
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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