GB 20517-2025 (GB 20517-2006) PDF English
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Self-contained smoke alarms using scattered light or transmitted light
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.220.20
C 81
Fire detection and alarm systems – Smoke alarms
Issued on. JULY 17, 2006
Implemented on. APRIL 1, 2007
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative References... 4
3 Product classification... 4
4 General requirements... 5
5 Requirements and test methods... 6
6 Inspection rules... 29
7 Marking and packaging... 30
8 Product instruction manual... 31
Foreword
Clauses 4 ~ 6 and Subclause 7.1 of this Standard are compulsory; the others
are voluntary.
During the drafting process of this Standard, reference is made to ISO 12339, Fire
detection and fire alarm systems – Smoke alarms (draft) and UL217, Single and
multiple station smoke alarms.
This Standard was proposed by the Ministry of Public Security of the People’s
Republic of China.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee 6 of National Technical
Committee on Fire Protection of Standardization Administration of China.
The drafting organization of this Standard. Shenyang Fire Protection Research
Institute of the Ministry of Public Security.
The participating drafting organization of this Standard. Xi'an System Sensor
Electronics Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this Standard. Dou Baodong, Wang Yane, Zhao Yingran, Li
Haitao.
This Standard shall be interpreted by Shenyang Fire Protection Research Institute of
the Ministry of Public Security.
Fire detection and alarm systems – Smoke alarms
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the product classification, technical requirements, test
methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging and manufacturer’s instructions for fire
detection and alarm systems (hereinafter referred to as smoke alarms).
This Standard applies to smoke alarms that are installed in civil architectures and
operate using scattered light, transmitted light (photoelectric smoke sensing) and
ionization (ion smoke sensing).
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through
reference in this Standard. For dated references, the subsequent amendments (excluding
corrigenda) or revisions do not apply to this Standard. However, parties who reach an
agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study if the latest versions of these
documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document applies.
GB 4715-1993, Technical requirements and test methods for point type smoke fire
detectors
3 Product classification
3.1 in accordance with operating principle.
3.2 in accordance with power supply mode.
3.3 in accordance with operating mode.
4 General requirements
4.1 When a fire occurs in the monitored area and its smoke parameters achieve the
preset values, the smoke alarm shall give acoustical and optical fire alarm signals at
the same time.
4.2 For the multiple station smoke alarm, when one alarm gives fire alarm signals,
the other smoke alarms connected with it shall also give fire alarm signals.
4.6 Except battery and fuse, the smoke alarm shall not have components or parts
which can be replaced or repaired by user; when the battery is removed, visual warning
shall be provided.
4.7 The smoke alarm is capable of communicating with auxiliary equipment such as
remote display, but it shall not influence the fire detection performance of the smoke
alarm in case of any disconnection or short-circuit fault during the communication
between the smoke alarm and the equipment.
4.8 For the smoke alarm having multiple indicator lights, indicator lights shall be
marked by color. For the smoke alarm powered by an AC power supply, it shall have
AC power supply working indicator lights. the AC power supply working indicator light
shall be green; the fire indicator light shall be red; the fault indicator light shall be yellow.
4.10 The power supply of the smoke alarm shall meet the following requirements.
4.10.1 For the internal battery smoke alarm and the external battery smoke alarm,
the capacity of the battery shall ensure the smoke alarm is capable of working normally
for not less than one year; it will provide a distinctive battery-low condition different
form fire alarm signals before the battery is incapable of operating for alarm-condition
purposes;
4.10.2 For smoke alarms intended for connection to the external power source and
equipped with the internal standby battery, when the external power supply fails to
work normally, it will automatically switch to the standby battery for power supply.
4.11 Polarity reversal of the smoke alarm will not result in damages of it.
5 Requirements and test methods
5.1 Test summary of smoke alarms
5.1.1 This Standard specifies type test on not less than 18 test specimens which will
be numbered before test. During test, first carry out function, battery fault alarm,
polarity reversal, sound output, directional dependence and conformity tests, and carry
out other tests preferably in the sequence from top to bottom of Table 1.
5.1.2 Smoke alarms shall be subjected to appearance inspection before test; test can
only be carried out when the following requirements are met.
5.1.3 Unless otherwise stated in relevant clauses, carry out all tests under the
standard atmospheric conditions for testing as follows.
conformity test, carry out test by setting the response threshold values to the maximum
and minimum limit values; during fire sensitivity test, carry out test by setting the
response threshold values to the maximum limit value; in other test items, carry out
test by setting the response threshold values to the minimum limit value.
5.2 Test of response threshold values
5.2.1 Test aerosol
A test aerosol generated by liquid paraffin aerosol generator shall be used as the test
aerosol. The particles comprising the aerosol shall also have a particle diameter
between 0.2 μm and 1.0 μm shall not be less than 90% of the total of the particles.
The test aerosol selected shall be used throughout the test in which the measurement
of threshold values is required.
5.2.3 Test method
Mount the smoke alarm in its normal mounting position in the smoke tunnel; connect
to power supply as specified in 5.1.4 to make the velocity of the air flow around the
smoke alarm 0.2 m/s ±0.04 m/s (except in the air movement test of 5.14), and the
temperature of the air flow 23°C ± 5°C (except in the high temperature test of 5.15).
Set the smoke alarm to the normal monitoring condition. After 15 min ~ 20 min, inject
5.2.4 Test apparatus
Test apparatus shall be as specified in 4.2.4 of GB 4715-1993.
5.3 Function test
5.3.1 Test
To test the functions of smoke alarms.
5.3.2 Method
5.3.2.1 Mount the smoke alarm in the smoke tunnel (connect according to the
interconnecting method of interconnectable smoke alarms); connect to power supply
as required in 5.1.4; operate the self-checking devices of the smoke alarm; observe
whether the smoke alarm gives acoustical-optical fire alarm signals.
5.3.2.4 For the smoke alarm connected to the internal battery for power supply, and
the smoke alarm intended for connection to an external power supply and equipped
with the internal standby battery, when the battery is removed, check whether there is
any visual warning.
5.3.2.5 Check whether the smoke alarm is capable of communicating with auxiliary
equipment (such as remote display) and whether it will influence the fire detection
performance of the smoke alarm in case of any disconnection or short-circuit fault
during the communication between the smoke alarm and the equipment.
5.3.3 Requirements
The requirements of 4.1, 4.2, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8 shall be met.
5.3.4 Test apparatus
Smoke tunnel.
5.4 Battery fault alarm test
5.5 Polarity reversal test
5.5.1 Object
Test whether polarity reversal causes damages to the smoke alarm.
5.5.2 Method
5.5.2.1 For smoke alarms which is not connected to the internal battery for power
supply, reverse the polarities of the power lines of their external power supply, and
maintain this condition for 2 h, unless smoke alarms give fault or fire alarm signals. If
smoke alarms are interconnectable in use, then, also reverse the connecting lines
between them.
5.5.3 Requirement
The ratio of the response threshold values ymax. ymin or mmax. mmin shall not be greater
than 1.6.
The smoke alarm powered by the battery shall give fault signals under the fault voltage.
5.5.4 Test apparatus
Smoke tunnel.
5.6 Sound pressure test
5.6.1 Object
To test the ability of the smoke alarm to meet the sound output requirement.
5.6.2 Method
5.6.2.1 Carry out sound pressure test when the ambient noise is lower than 65 dB.
Measure the sound pressure level of one smoke alarm in the interconnected operating
mode of interconnectable smoke alarms. A simulated load can be used.
5.6.3 Requirement
Meet the requirements of 4.3.
5.6.4 Test apparatus
Sound pressure meter.
5.7 Sounder durability test
5.7.1 Object
To test the ability of the smoke alarm sounder to work normally after the endurance
test of the smoke alarm.
5.7.2 Method
Connect the power supply as required in 5.1.4 (use the voltage-stabilized power supply
for the smoke alarm powered by the internal battery); adjust the voltage to the nominal
voltage of the battery.
5.7.3 Requirement
Meet the requirements of 4.3.
5.8 Power supply test
5.8.1 Object
To test the ability of the smoke alarm power supply.
5.8.2 Method
5.8.2.1 For smoke alarms connected with the internal battery for power supply and
smoke alarms connected with the external battery for power supply, discharge
electricity to the battery or battery pack for 168 h at 50 times of the maximum average
working current;
5.8.2.2 For smoke alarms which are connected to the external power supply and
equipped with the internal standby battery, disconnect the external power supply; use
the standby battery for power supply for 72 h; observe whether the smoke alarm gives
fault signals; measure the sound pressure level of the alarms of the smoke alarm.
5.8.3 Requirement
Meet the requirements of Subclauses 4.3 and 4.10.
5.9 Switch-on test
5.9.1 Object
To test the stability of the smoke alarm under the normal atmospheric conditions.
5.9.4 Test apparatus
Smoke tunnel.
5.10 Repeatability test
5.10.1 Object
To test the repeatability of the response threshold value of the smoke alarm.
5.10.2 Method
As specified in 5.2, measure the response threshold value continuously for 6 times in
any orientation of the normal mounting position of the smoke alarm. Designate the
maximum response threshold value as ymax or mmax and the minimum value as ymin or
mmin.
5.10.3 Requirement
The ratio of the response threshold values ymax. ymin or mmax. mmin shall not be greater
than 1.6.
5.12 Conformity test
5.12.1 Object
To test the conformity of the response threshold value of the smoke alarm.
5.12.2 Method
Number 18 smoke alarms in the order of 1 ~ 18 and measure the response threshold
value in the “worst” orientation of the smoke alarm. For the smoke alarm having a
variable response threshold value, carry out test by setting the response threshold
value of the smoke alarm at the maximum-minimum limit values.
Of the 18 smoke alarms, designate the maximum response threshold value as ymax or
mmax and the minimum value as ymin or mmin.
5.12.3 Requirement
5.12.3.1 For smoke alarms having a fixed response threshold value.
5.12.3.2 For smoke alarms having a variable response threshold value
5.12.4 Test apparatus
Smoke tunnel.
5.13 Variation in supply voltage test
5.13.1 Object
To test the working adaptability of smoke alarms not connected to the internal battery
for power supply, under the nominal working voltage variation conditions.
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Exit-factory inspection
The manufacturer shall carry out inspection of the following items for smoke alarms
before delivery of products.
6.2 Type inspection
Type inspection shall cover all the inspection items specified in Clause 5 of this
Standard. 22 samples are taken randomly from the products passing the exit-factory
inspection.
6.2.1 Under one of the following circumstances, type inspection shall be carried out.
6.2.2 The inspection procedures and criteria shall be meet the type inspection
requirements of GB 12978-2003.
7 Marking and packaging
7.1 Marking
Smoke alarms shall be marked legibly and indelibly, including product marking and
quality inspection marking.
7.1.1 Product marking
Product marking shall include the following content.
7.1.2 Quality inspection marking
Quality inspection marking shall include the following content.
7.2 Packaging
Smoke alarms shall be packaged in a safe and reliable way, which shall be convenient
for transportation and storage; shall be dampproof and waterproof; shall meet the
requirements of relevant national standards. The following documents shall be
provided along with products and enclosed in a waterproof bag.
8 Product instruction manual
Product instruction manual shall be compiled according to GB 9969.1-1998.If products
contain batteries, it shall indicate battery type, capacity, size, mounting method,
replacement method and replacement time.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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