GB 20287-2006 PDF in English
GB 20287-2006 (GB20287-2006) PDF English
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Microbial inoculants in agriculture
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GB 20287-2006: PDF in English GB 20287-2006
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 65.100.01
B 13
Microbial inoculants in agriculture
ISSUED ON: MAY 25, 2006
IMPLEMENTED ON: SEPTEMBER 01, 2006
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 Product classification ... 5
5 Requirements ... 5
5.1 Bacteria species ... 5
5.2 Product appearance (sensory) ... 5
5.3 Product technical index ... 5
6 Test method ... 7
6.1 Instrument and equipment... 7
6.2 Reagents ... 7
6.3 Testing of product parameters ... 7
7 Inspection rules ... 12
7.1 Sampling ... 12
7.2 Inspection classification ... 13
7.3 Judgment rules ... 14
8 Packaging, marking, transportation, storage ... 14
8.1 Packaging ... 14
8.2 Markings ... 15
8.3 Transportation ... 16
8.4 Storage ... 16
Appendix A (Normative) Commonly used testing medium ... 17
Appendix B (Informative) Commonly used stains ... 22
Appendix C (Normative) Dilution method (MPN 5-tube method)... 24
Appendix D (Normative) Determination of enzyme activity ... 26
Microbial inoculants in agriculture
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, product classification,
requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking,
transportation, storage of microbial inoculants in agriculture (i.e., microbial
inoculants).
This standard applies to microbial inoculum products in agriculture.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard
through reference in this Standard. For the dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard;
however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Standard are
encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.
GB/T 1250-1989 Rules for expression and judgement of limiting values
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and
judgement of limiting values
GB 18877-2002 Organic-inorganic compound fertilizers
GB/T 19524.1 Determination of fecal coliforms in fertilizers
GB/T 19524.2 Determination of mortality of ascarid egg in fertilizers
QB/T 1803-1993 General methods of determination for industrial enzymes
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Microbial inoculants in agriculture
The live bacteria preparations, which are processed from target
If the dilution method [Most Probable Number (MPN) 5 pipe method] is used, it
is performed in accordance with the provisions of Appendix C.
6.3.2.1 Serial dilution
Weigh 10 g of the sample (accurate to 0.01 g). Add 100 mL of sterile water (or
physiological saline), which contains glass beads [for liquid inoculants, take
10.0 mL AND add 90 mL of sterile water (or physiological saline)]. Let it stand
for 20 min. Fully shake it on a rotary shaker at 200 r/min for 30 min, to form a
mother liquor bacterial suspension (basic liquid).
Use a sterile pipette to pipette 5.0 mL of the above-mentioned mother liquor
bacterial suspension. Add 45 mL of sterile water (or physiological saline).
Perform serial dilutions according to 1→10, to respectively obtain the bacterial
suspension of the dilution 1→1 x 101, 1→1 x 102, 1→1 x 103, 1→1 x 104... …
(the sterile pipette shall be replaced for each dilution).
6.3.2.2 Sample addition and cultivation
Take 3 consecutive suitable dilutions for each sample. Use a sterile pipette to
respectively pipette 0.1 mL of the bacterial suspension of different dilutions. Add
them to the pre-prepared solid medium plate. Respectively use a sterile glass
spatula, to uniformly coat the bacterial suspension, of different dilutions, on the
surface of the agar.
Each dilution is repeated 3 times. At the same time, use the sterile water (or
physiological saline) as a blank control. Culture it under appropriate conditions.
6.3.2.3 Colony identification
According to the technical data of the tested bacteria, for each dilution, take
different types of representative colonies, to confirm the effective bacteria,
through technical means such as smears, staining, microscopy. When the count
of colonies appears in the blank control cultural dish, the test result is invalid.
The test shall be repeated.
6.3.2.4 Colony count
Take the dilution plate, which appears 20 ~ 300 colonies, as the counting criteria
(10 ~ 150 colonies for filamentous fungi). Respectively count the number of
effective viable bacteria and the number of miscellaneous bacteria. When there
is only one dilution AND the average number of colonies is between 20 ~ 300,
the average number of colonies is used for calculation. If there are two dilutions,
when the average count of colonies is between 20 ~ 300, it shall be determined,
according to the ratio of the total number of the two colonies. If the ratio is less
than or equal to 2, it shall calculate the average number of the two. If it is greater
than 2, the average number of colonies, which have smaller dilution, shall be
instrument reading is stable.
6.3.7.3 Particle samples
The sample is first crushed and pass through a 1.0 mm test sieve. Make
measurement, according to the method of 6.3.7.2.
6.3.8 Determination of the number of fecal coliforms
It shall meet the requirements of GB/T 19524.1.
6.3.9 Determination of the mortality of ascaris eggs
It shall meet the requirements of GB/T 19524.2.
6.3.10 Determination of cellulase activity and protease activity
It shall meet the requirements of Appendix D.
6.3.11 Determination of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium, mercury
It shall meet the requirements of 5.12 ~ 5.17 in GB 18877-2002.
6.3.12 Inspection of shelf life
Before the shelf life indicated in the product manual, measure the
corresponding indicators of the product, according to the methods 6.3.1 ~
6.3.11.
7 Inspection rules
The digital rounding of product technical index in this standard shall comply with
the provisions of GB 8170. The qualification judgment of product quality shall
comply with the provisions of the comparison method of rounding values in GB
1250-1989.
7.1 Sampling
The products, which are processed from each fermenter's bacteria liquid (or
each batch of solid fermentation), as a batch, to carry out sampling inspection.
During the sampling process, it shall strictly avoid the contamination of bacteria.
7.1.1 Sampling tools
Sterile plastic bags (bottles), metal spoons, samplers, measuring cylinders,
kraft paper bags, glue, sampling seals, sampling sheets, etc.
7.3 Judgment rules
7.3.1 Any products, which meet the requirements of one of the following
clauses, are qualified products
a) Products whose technical index meet the requirements of the standard;
b) In the product appearance, moisture, fineness, pH value and other test
items, if there is 1 item that does not meet the requirements, BUT the other
technical index meet the requirements.
7.3.2 Any products, which meet the requirements of one of the following
clauses, are unqualified products
a) The number of effective viable bacteria does not meet the technical
indicators;
b) The number of molds and miscellaneous bacteria does not meet the
technical indicators;
c) The miscellaneous bacteria rate does not meet the technical indicators;
d) The fecal coliforms do not meet the technical indicators;
e) The mortality of ascaris eggs does not meet the technical indicators;
f) Any content of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium, mercury does not meet
the technical indicators;
g) The enzyme activity, which is measured in the organic material
decomposing agent product, does not meet the technical indicators;
h) In the inspection items of appearance, moisture, fineness, pH value, etc.,
there are more than 2 items (inclusive) that do not meet the requirements.
8 Packaging, marking, transportation, storage
8.1 Packaging
Choose appropriate packaging materials, containers, forms, methods,
according to different product dosage forms, to meet the basic requirements of
product packaging.
The product packaging shall contain the product qualification and instructions
for use. In the instruction for use, it shall indicate the scope of use, methods,
dosage, precautions.
8.2 Markings
The content, which are marked on the label, shall comply with the provisions of
national laws and regulations.
8.2.1 Product name and trademark
It shall indicate the general name of the product, that has been specified by the
national standards and industry standards. For the name of the product OR the
name of the product with a special purpose, it may be marked, under the
general name of the product, by the font of smaller size.
If the national standards and industry standards do not provide for the general
name of the product, it shall use the name of the product, that will not cause
misunderstanding and confusion among users and consumers.
Enterprises can mark the registered trademarks.
8.2.2 Product specifications
It shall indicate the net weight of the product in each package; use the national
legal unit of measurement. The error range of the marked net weight shall not
exceed ±5% of its stated value.
8.2.3 Implemented standard of product
It shall indicate the standard number implemented by the product.
8.2.4 Registration certificate number of product
It shall indicate the valid registration certificate number of product.
8.2.5 Name and address of manufacturer
It shall indicate the name, address, postal code, contact number of the
manufacturer, who has been registered in accordance with the law AND can
bear the responsibility for product quality. For the imported products, it may be
exempted from the marking of the name and address of the manufacturer;
however, it shall indicate the place of origin (country/region) of the product, as
well as the name and address of the agent or importer or seller, which is legally
registered in China.
8.2.6 Date of production or production batch number
It shall indicate the production date or production batch number of the product,
Appendix C
(Normative)
Dilution method (MPN 5-tube method)
C.1 Dilution
Weigh 10.0 g of the sample. Add 100 mL of sterile water, which contains glass
beads (for liquid inoculants, take 10.0 mL AND add it into 90 mL of sterile water).
Let it stand for 20 min. Shake it on a rotary shaker at 200 r/min for 30 min, to
obtain a bacterial suspension, which has a dilution of 1 x 101.
Use a sterile pipette, to pipette 5.0 mL of the above bacterial suspension into a
triangular flask, which contains 45 mL of sterile water. Shake well, to obtain the
bacterial suspension of 1 x 102 dilution. According to this method, prepare the
bacterial suspension of dilution 1 x 103, 1 x 104, 1 x 105... … (the sterile pipette
shall be replaced for each dilution).
C.2 Sample addition
Choose the appropriate 5 serial dilutions. Use a sterile pipette, to pipette 1.0
mL of the bacterial suspension of different dilutions. Add them to the prepared
threaded-opening test tube, which contains 9.0 mL of sterile medium. For each
dilution, repeatedly inoculate 5 test tubes (replace the sterile pipette between
different dilutions). Use the sterile culture medium as a control, at the same time.
C.3 Culture
Tighten the plastic cap AND shake well immediately after inoculation. Place the
inoculated test tube, for culture, under suitable conditions.
C.4 Calculation
According to whether there is growth of the microorganism to be tested OR the
positive or negative physiological response in each dilution series test tube,
obtain the quantitative index. Find the approximate value, from the
corresponding MPN statistical table (see Table C.1); then, it can calculate the
number of effective viable bacteria in the test sample, which is expressed in
one million pieces/mL or one million pieces/g.
Calculation method:
The number of effective viable bacteria in a 1 mL (or 1 g) of sample = the
approximate value of the number of bacteria x the dilution factor of the first
digit of the quantity index
Appendix D
(Normative)
Determination of enzyme activity
D.1 Determination of cellulase activity
D.1.1 Principle
Using Carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) as a substrate, to generate reducing
sugars, after cellulase hydrolysis. The 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) is an
oxidizing agent, that can react with reducing sugars, to reduce the nitro group
into an amino group; then the solution becomes orange; the depth of the orange
is proportional to the concentration of reducing sugar. Therefore, the
colorimetric method can be used, to obtain the content of reducing sugars; then
calculate the size of cellulase activity, from the number of reducing sugars.
D.1.2 Reagents and solutions
a) Sodium phosphate buffer (0.2 mol/L, pH 6.0): Mix 12.3 mL of 0.2 mol/L
disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) and 87.7 mL of 0.2 mol/L
sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4).
b) CMC buffer: Accurately weigh 0.625 g of carboxyl methyl cellulose.
Dissolve it in 100.0 mL of sodium phosphate buffer. Heat and stir to
dissolve it.
c) DNS developer: Weigh 10.0 g of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid. Dissolve it in
distilled water. Add 20.0 g of sodium hydroxide, 200.0 g of potassium
sodium tartrate, 500.0 mL of water. Heat to dissolve it. Add 2.0 g of re-
steamed phenol, 0.5 g of anhydrous sodium sulfite. Cool down after all
dissolving. Make its volume reach to 1000.0 mL.
d) 1000 µg/mL standard glucose solution: Accurately weigh 25.0 g of glucose.
Use distilled water to make its volume reach to 25.0 mL.
D.1.3 Instrument and equipment
a) Spectrophotometer;
b) Electronic balance;
c) Oscillator;
d) Incubator.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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