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HJ 2059-2018 English PDF

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HJ 2059-2018: Technical specification for wastewater treatment of copper smelting
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Basic data

Standard ID HJ 2059-2018 (HJ2059-2018)
Description (Translated English) Technical specification for wastewater treatment of copper smelting
Sector / Industry Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Word Count Estimation 23,298
Date of Issue 2018-12-28
Date of Implementation 2019-03-01
Regulation (derived from) Ministry of Ecology and Environment Announcement No. 74 of 2018
Issuing agency(ies) Ministry of Ecology and Environment

HJ 2059-2018: Technical specification for wastewater treatment of copper smelting

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Technical specification for wastewater treatment of copper smelting National Environmental Protection Standard of the People's Republic Technical specification for copper smelting wastewater treatment engineering Published on.2018-12-28 2019-03-01 Implementation Ministry of Ecology and Environment released

Content

Foreword...i 1 Scope...1 2 Normative references...1 3 Terms and Definitions...2 4 Contaminants and pollution loads...3 5 General requirements...4 6 Process Design...5 7 Main process equipment and materials...12 8 Detection and Process Control...14 9 Major auxiliary projects...15 10 Labor Safety and Occupational Health...16 11 Construction and acceptance...17 12 Operation and maintenance...18

Foreword

In order to implement the Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, To prevent and control environmental pollution, standardize the construction and operation management of copper smelting wastewater treatment projects, and develop this standard. This standard specifies the technical requirements for the design, construction, acceptance, operation and maintenance of copper smelting wastewater treatment engineering. This standard is a guiding standard. This standard is the first release. This standard was formulated by the Science and Technology and Finance Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. This standard was drafted. China Metallurgical Construction Research Institute Co., Ltd., China Enfei Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Yunnan Copper Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Copper Co., Ltd., Changsha Huashijie Environmental Technology Development Co., Ltd. This standard is approved by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment on December 28,.2018. This standard has been implemented since March 1,.2019. This standard is explained by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Technical specification for copper smelting wastewater treatment engineering

1 Scope of application

This standard specifies the technical requirements for the design, construction, acceptance, operation and maintenance of copper smelting wastewater treatment engineering. This standard applies to the construction and operation management of copper smelting wastewater treatment project, and can be used as the environmental impact of copper smelting construction projects. Reference basis for evaluation, environmental protection facility design, construction, acceptance and operation management. This standard does not apply to the treatment of recycled copper smelting wastewater.

2 Normative references

The contents of this standard refer to the terms in the following documents. Valid versions of undated references, including modifications Single) Applicable to this standard. GB 5085.1 Identification of hazardous wastes Corrosion identification GB 5085.3 Identification criteria for hazardous wastes GB 5086.1 Solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method flip method GB 14048 low voltage switchgear and control equipment GB 14554 Odor Pollutant Emission Standard GB 18597 Hazardous Waste Storage Pollution Control Standard GB 18598 Hazardous Waste Landfill Pollution Control Standard GB 18599 General industrial solid waste storage and disposal site pollution control standards GB/T 22580 Special environmental conditions Technical requirements for plateau electrical equipment Low-voltage switchgear and control equipment GB 25467 Copper, nickel and cobalt industrial pollutant discharge standards GB 50009 Building Structure Load Specification GB 50013 Outdoor Water Supply Design Code GB 50014 Outdoor Drainage Design Code GB 50015 Building Water Supply and Drainage Design Code GB 50016 Building Design Fire Code GB 50034 Architectural Lighting Design Code GB 50046 industrial building anti-corrosion design specification GB 50052 design specification for power distribution system GB 50053 10KV and below substation design specifications GB 50054 Low Voltage Distribution Design Specification GB 50055 general purpose electrical equipment power distribution design specification GB 50057 lightning protection design code for buildings GB 50058 Specification for design of electrical installations for explosion and fire hazard environments GB 50059 35kV~110kV substation design specification GB 50093 automation instrument engineering construction and acceptance specifications GB 50116 Automatic fire alarm system design specification GB 50140 Building fire extinguisher configuration design specification GB 50141 Water supply and drainage structure engineering construction and acceptance specification GB 50187 General Plan for Design of Industrial Enterprises GB 50189 Public building energy-saving design standards GB 50191 seismic design code for structures GB 50194 Safety specifications for power supply at construction site GB 50204 Concrete structure engineering construction quality acceptance specification General specification for construction and acceptance of GB 50231 mechanical equipment installation engineering GB 50254 Electrical installation engineering Low-voltage electrical installation and acceptance specifications GB 50268 Water supply and drainage pipeline engineering construction and acceptance specifications GB 50974 Technical specification for fire water supply and fire hydrant systems GB 50981 Architectural Electromechanical Engineering Seismic Design Specification GB 50988 Non-ferrous metal industry environmental protection engineering design specification GB J 22 factory mine road design specification GB J 50141 Water supply and drainage structures engineering construction and acceptance specifications GBZ 1 industrial enterprise design hygiene standard GBZ 2.1 Occupational exposure limits for hazardous factors in industrial locations - Part 1. Chemically harmful factors GBZ 2.2 Occupational exposure limits for harmful factors in industrial sites - Part 2. Physical factors GBZ 158 industrial site occupational disease hazard warning sign CJJ 60 Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant Operation, Maintenance and Safety Technical Regulations HJ 557 Solid Waste Leaching Toxicity Leaching Method Horizontal Oscillation HJ 863.3 Sewage permit application and issuance technical specification Non-ferrous metal industry - copper smelting “Measures for Completion and Acceptance of Construction Projects (Engineering)” (Project Construction [1990] No. 1215) Regulations on the Safety Management of Dangerous Chemicals (Order No. 591 of the State Council) "Technical Requirements for Standardization and Remediation of Sewage Discharge Ports" (Trial) (Environmental Supervision [1996] No. 470) "Standard Conditions for Copper Smelting Industry" (Industry and Information Technology Department Announcement No. 29,.2014) Measures for the Administration of Hazardous Waste Transfer Joint Orders (Order No. 5 of the State Environmental Protection Administration) Interim Measures for Environmental Protection Acceptance of Construction Project Completion (Guohuan Environmental Impact Assessment [2017] No. 4) "Guidelines for Feasible Technical Measures for Copper Smelting Pollution Prevention (Trial)" (Promulgation of Environmental Protection Department No. 24,.2015) National Directory of Hazardous Wastes (Order No. 39 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection) Catalogue of Major Environmental Protection Technology and Equipment Encouraged by the State

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 Copper smelting wastewater copper smelting wastewater Refers to the production wastewater and initial rainwater discharged during the copper smelting production process. 3.2 Stained acid contaminated acid Refers to the dilute acid containing sulfuric acid, heavy metals and other harmful impurities emitted from the smelting process of the smelting process. Solution. 3.3 acid wastewater containing heavy metals Refers to wastewater containing heavy metals, acids, suspended solids and other harmful substances produced during the copper smelting process.

4 Contaminants and pollution loads

4.1 Wastewater source and classification 4.1.1 Production wastewater is mainly wastewater such as sulphuric acid, acid wastewater and general production wastewater. 4.1.2 Sewage is mainly derived from the purification process in the process of acid production from copper smelting flue gas. The main pollutants are dilute sulfuric acid, heavy metals and fluorine. And suspended matter, etc. 4.1.3 Acidic wastewater is mainly derived from the sewage effluent treatment liquid, the effluent washing water discharged from the flue gas sulphuric acid system, the desulfurization wastewater, Acid washing area floor flushing water, wet process workshop drainage, acid mist purification drainage, contaminated ground washing water, laboratory wastewater, dangerous Leachate, raffinate, etc. in hazardous waste landfills, the main pollutants are heavy metals, fluorine, acid, suspended solids, etc. 4.1.4 General production wastewater refers to other wastewater discharged from the production process in addition to the sulphuric acid and acid wastewater. Mainly including boiler row The hot polluted water, the demineralized water discharged from the brine station and the soft water station, the sewage discharged from the cooling water system, the general industry Solid waste storage and disposal site leachate, waste water containing suspended solids and oil discharged from public auxiliary facilities and supporting facilities. 4.1.5 Initial rainwater mainly refers to particulate matter enriched in the surface, roof and equipment surface of the plant during the copper smelting process. The initial runoff of droplets and leaking contaminants formed by rainwater. 4.2 Wastewater volume 4.2.1 The amount of wastewater generated by existing enterprises should be determined through actual measurement. The amount of wastewater generated by newly-built enterprises can be based on product varieties and production workers. The analogy of art, production scale, work system and management level is similar, and it can also be based on material balance and water balance. determine. 4.2.2 The initial rainwater collection of existing enterprises should be determined according to the actual monitoring situation, and the initial rainwater harvesting of new (reformed and expanded) enterprises The amount should be determined by not less than 15 mm of precipitation in the area of the contaminated area. 4.3 Wastewater quality 4.3.1 The composition and concentration of pollutants in wastewater are related to raw materials, production technology, equipment level and management level. 4.3.2 The composition and concentration of existing enterprise wastewater and initial rainwater pollutants shall be subject to the test data, and the new (reformed and expanded) enterprises shall be built. It can be determined by material balance calculation or by reference to similar companies, and the pollutant composition is determined according to GB 25467. 4.3.3 When there is no actual or analog data, the main pollutant components and concentration range of sulphuric acid and acid wastewater can be referred to Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1 Main pollutant components and concentrations of sulphuric acid Total copper total arsenic total zinc total lead total cadmium total nickel Content (mg/L) 50～500 1000～15000 20～300 1～50 1～150 10～150 Composition total cobalt total mercury fluoride suspension H2SO4 Content (mg/L) 1～10 0.1～10 30～1000 500～3000 1%～10% Note. The H2SO4 concentration unit is the mass percentage concentration. Table 2 Main pollutant components and concentrations of acid wastewater Total copper total arsenic total lead total zinc total cadmium total nickel Content (mg/L) 10～70 10～200 10～20 20～300 10～80 1～5 Composition total cobalt sulfide fluoride pH suspension Content (mg/L) 1～5 1～20 10～200 2～5 1000-2000

5 General requirements

5.1 General provisions 5.1.1 The construction and operation management of copper smelting enterprises shall comply with relevant national and local laws and regulations, industrial policies and emission allowance systems. And management requirements such as industry pollution prevention policies, and actively promote cleaner production and improve resource and energy utilization. 5.1.2 Construction of copper smelting enterprises involves the production of heavy metals and other toxic and hazardous substances, storage tanks and pipelines, or sewage regulation. Facilities with soil pollution risks, such as pools, treatment pools and emergency pools, shall be designed in accordance with relevant national standards and norms. Construction and installation of anti-corrosion, leak-proof facilities and leak monitoring devices to prevent contamination of soil and groundwater. 5.1.3 The copper smelting wastewater treatment project shall comply with the requirements of the approved environmental impact assessment document and shall be concurrent with the main project. Design, construction, and production at the same time. 5.1.4 When wastewater contains mercury, lead, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, arsenic and other first-class pollutants, it should be discharged in the workshop or production facility wastewater. Mouth processing. 5.1.5 After the wastewater treatment, the concentration of pollutants in the external drainage should meet the requirements of GB 25467 and local discharge standards, and should also meet The main pollutants control and discharge permit requirements. 5.1.6 Accident emergency prevention facilities shall be set up in the copper smelting wastewater treatment project. 5.1.7 Copper smelting wastewater treatment project should adopt secondary pollution prevention measures to prevent waste gas and waste generated during wastewater treatment. Water and waste slag pollute the environment. 5.1.8 The enterprise shall follow the "Technical Requirements for Standardization and Remediation of Sewage Discharge Ports" (Trial) and the relevant sewage discharge regulations in GB 25467 Set the relevant provisions of the setting to set up the wastewater discharge port. 5.2 source control 5.2.1 Copper smelting enterprises should control the whole process of wastewater generation, treatment and discharge, and adopt clean production technology first. Improve resources, energy efficiency, and reduce the generation and emission of pollutants. 5.2.2 Copper smelting enterprises should continuously improve the reuse rate of water and reduce the amount of wastewater generated. The industrial water recycling rate should not be It is lower than the provisions of the "Conditional Conditions for Copper Smelting Industry". 5.2.3 The wastewater generated by the copper smelting enterprises shall be collected and classified, and the sewage shall be diverted and diverted. 5.2.4 Waste water containing heavy metals should be reused preferentially. 5.2.5 After the wastewater treatment reaches the standard, it should be reused first. 5.3 Construction scale 5.3.1 The construction scale should be based on the amount of wastewater, and should be adapted to the requirements of production fluctuations. Planning requirements. 5.3.2 The construction scale of copper smelting wastewater treatment project should meet the following requirements. a) The volume of polluted acid, acid wastewater and general production wastewater regulating tank should be calculated according to the maximum daily flow rate, and the effective volume should not be less than 8h amount of wastewater. b) The initial rainwater collection tank volume shall be determined in accordance with GB 50988. c) The initial rainwater should be used or treated in time to maintain the effective volume of the initial rainwater collection tank. d) The effective volume of the accident pool shall be calculated according to the sum of the initial rainfall, fire water consumption and material leakage in the accident area. e) After the adjustment pool, each processing unit is calculated according to the maximum daily average flow rate. f) Sludge treatment and disposal works are calculated based on the maximum daily sludge volume. 5.4 Engineering composition 5.4.1 The wastewater treatment project consists of main works, auxiliary works and supporting facilities. 5.4.2 Main works include. wastewater collection, regulation, upgrading, pretreatment, treatment, reuse and discharge, sludge concentration and desorption Facilities such as water, pharmaceutical preparation, accident disposal, and slag storage. 5.4.3 Auxiliary works include. electrical, control and testing, water supply and drainage, fire protection, water quality at discharge, online monitoring of water volume, Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. 5.4.4 Supporting facilities include. control room, duty room and laboratory. 5.5 Project site selection and overall layout 5.5.1 The location and overall layout of the copper smelting wastewater treatment project should meet the standards of GB 50014, GB 50187 and GB J 22 Regulations. 5.5.2 The general layout should take into account the relationship between the wastewater generation, treatment process and the functions of each treatment unit, combined with the topography, Geological conditions and other factors are determined after technical and economic comparison, and should also meet the following requirements. a) The general layout should be compact and reasonable to meet construction, maintenance and management requirements. b) The general plane should be arranged according to the process flow and arranged according to the function and material properties. c) The vertical design should make full use of the original terrain, make the earthwork balance as much as possible, reduce the number of lifting, and reduce the running power consumption. d) The out-of-pipe and maintenance venting facilities should be reasonably arranged and the venting water and sludge should be properly disposed and disposed of. e) Conveying contaminated acid, acid waste water and acid and alkali pipelines should be laid overhead.

6 Process design

6.1 General requirements 6.1.1 Before the process design, the water quality, quantity and variation of wastewater should be thoroughly investigated to obtain representative and accurate Confirm the source parameters and conduct the necessary process tests. 6.1.2 Copper smelting wastewater treatment project should actively adopt advanced and applicable new technologies on the basis of scientific research and production practices. New processes, new materials, new equipment, and should comply with the relevant provisions of this code. 6.1.3 The choice of wastewater treatment process should be based on the amount of wastewater, water quality, source of medicament, water quality requirements after treatment, sludge disposal Factors such as law, after the comparison of technical and economic programs, it is determined that the technology is mature, stable, meets the standards, and the sludge yield is low. Energy-saving treatment process. 6.1.4 Sewage acid treatment, acid wastewater treatment and general production wastewater treatment feasible technology can refer to "copper smelting pollution prevention and control feasible Technical Guide (Trial) is selected. Sewage treatment and acid wastewater treatment should be preferred to recycle valuable metals or comprehensive utilization Processing process. 6.1.5 The initial rainwater in the heavily polluted equipment area such as the concentrate bin area, the smelting area and the acid-making area shall be collected separately, preferably with acid waste. Water combined treatment; rainwater in contaminated areas outside the plant area should be separately collected and treated separately. 6.1.6 The raffinate discharged from the wet smelting process is degreased and combined with acidic wastewater. 6.1.7 Domestic sewage in the plant area shall be collected by independent pipe network and treated separately. 6.1.8 Membrane separation method, low temperature multi-effect evaporation method or evaporative crystallization process can be used as wastewater treatment or reuse. 6.2 Process selection 6.2.1 The lime acid treatment method should adopt lime (stone) neutralization method, vulcanization method or combination process. Arsenic content less than 500mg/L When it is treated with lime (stone) neutralization method, when the arsenic content exceeds 500mg/L, it is preferable to use sulfided lime (stone). And law processing. 6.2.2 After the sewage treatment, the pH value of the liquid should be controlled at about 2, and the subsequent treatment process is the same as the acidic wastewater treatment. 6.2.3 Acidic wastewater treatment process should adopt neutralization method, lime-iron salt method or electrochemical method, or choose combination according to needs. Process. 6.2.4 Initial rainwater treatment should use neutralization method, lime-iron salt method, electrochemical method or heavy metal collector to remove heavy metals. It can be combined with acidic wastewater or it can be treated separately. 6.2.5 General production wastewater treatment should be based on the selection of pollutant components, pH adjustment, air flotation, flocculation and sedimentation. 6.3 Sewage treatment 6.3.1 Lime (stone) neutralization method and vulcanization method are the basic processes of sewage acid treatment. The process flow is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. 6.3.2 Lime (stone) neutralization method is used to recover calcium sulfate. Sulfurization method is used to remove arsenic from copper and cadmium, mercury and other heavy metals. Genus, according to the composition and content of the acid can be used in combination as a sewage treatment process. 6.3.3 When the arsenic content in the sulphuric acid is less than 1000mg/L, the removal rate of arsenic by the vulcanization method should be 90%~95%; the arsenic content in the sulphuric acid When the amount is more than 1000 mg/L, the removal rate of arsenic by the vulcanization method is preferably from 95% to 98%. The removal rate of copper by the vulcanization method should be 96%~ 98%. 6.3.4 The amount of sodium sulfide or other vulcanizing agent should be based on the molar amount of sulfur ions and arsenic and heavy metal ions to form sulfides. Calculate, the design dosage should be 1 to 1.4 times of the theoretical amount, and the dosage is controlled by the oxidation-reduction potential. 6.3.5 The neutralization reaction time should be determined according to the test. When using lime milk as the neutralizing agent, it should not be less than 45 min. The stone-based neutralizing agent should be 2h~4h. Acid wastewater treatment Filtrate sludge pH≤2 Sour acid Figure 1 Flow chart of lime (stone) neutralization process Na2S Filtrate sludge Solid-liquid separation Sludge dewatering Sulphurization reaction acid lime (stone) neutralization process Figure 2 Flow chart of the process of treating sulfuric acid by vulcanization (sodium sulfide as vulcanizing agent) 6.3.6 The time of vulcanization reaction should be determined according to the test, and should be 1h~2h. 6.3.7 Sulfurization reaction, sulfide precipitation separation should be carried out in a closed container, the overflow of hydrogen sulfide gas should be absorbed by lye Treatment, exhaust emissions are implemented in GB 14554. 6.3.8 When the vulcanization reaction tank is indoors, a separate room shall be provided, and ventilation, monitoring and alarm facilities shall be provided. 6.4 Acid wastewater treatment 6.4.1 Neutralization method, lime-iron salt method or electrochemical method is the basic process flow of acid wastewater treatment. The process flow is shown in Figure 3. Figure 4 and Figure 5. Gypsum residue Neutralization reaction Lime (stone) milk Solid-liquid separation Sludge dewatering Sulfurized slag Solid waste separation of acid wastewater Sludge dewatering Homogenization and neutralization reaction Flocculant filtrate Neutralizer pH adjustment Figure 3 Flow chart of the treatment of acidic wastewater by the neutralization method Acid wastewater filtrate Reflux sludge Oxidation reaction Oxidant milk Secondary neutralization reaction Solid-liquid separation Sludge dewatering Neutralization slag reuse or efflux pH adjustment Primary neutralization reaction Lime milk iron salt flocculant Figure 4 Flow chart of lime-iron salt treatment of acid wastewater Acid wastewater sludge filtrate Electrochemical system solid-liquid separation Sludge dewatering Neutralization residue Neutralization reaction ...

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