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GBZ41117-2021: Fasteners - Fundamentals of hydrogen embrittlement in steel fasteners
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| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivered in | Standard Title (Description) | Status | PDF |
| GB/Z 41117-2021 | English | 414 |
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Fasteners - Fundamentals of hydrogen embrittlement in steel fasteners
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GB/Z 41117-2021
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/Z 41117-2021 (GB/Z41117-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Fasteners - Fundamentals of hydrogen embrittlement in steel fasteners | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J13 | | Word Count Estimation | 22,263 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GBZ41117-2021: Fasteners - Fundamentals of hydrogen embrittlement in steel fasteners---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
GB /Z 41117-2021
Fasteners -- Fundamentals of hydrogen embrittlement in steel fasteners
ICS 21:060:01
CCSJ13
National Standardization Guiding Technical Document of the People's Republic of China
Fasteners Basic Principles of Hydrogen Embrittlement of Steel Fasteners
(ISO /T R20491:2019, IDT)
Published on 2021-12-31
2022-07-01 Implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the National Standardization Administration
directory
Preface I
Introduction II
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Abbreviations 3
5 General description of hydrogen embrittlement 3
6 Hydrogen damage mechanism 3
7 Fracture morphology 4
8 Crack tip condition 5
9 Hydrogen Embrittlement Failure Conditions 5
9:1 Root Causes and Predisposing Factors of Hydrogen Embrittlement Failure 5
9:2 Material Sensitivity 6
9:3 Tensile stress 9
9:4 Atomic Hydrogen 9
10 Case hardened fasteners 11
11 Hot dip galvanizing - effects of thermal shock 12
12 Stress relief before electroplating 13
13 Thread rolling after heat treatment of fasteners 13
14 Hydrogen embrittlement test method 13
15 Baking 14
Reference 15
foreword
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1:1-2020 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents"
drafted:
This document is equivalent to ISO /T R20491:2019 "Basic Principles of Hydrogen Embrittlement of Steel Fasteners for Fasteners":
The technical report is adjusted to my country's national standardization guiding technical document:
Please note that some content of this document may be patented: The issuing agency of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents:
This document is proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation:
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Fastener Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC85):
This document was drafted by: China Machinery Research Institute of Standards and Technology (Beijing) Co:, Ltd:, Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co:, Ltd: Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Technology Center
Xin, Zhoushan 7412 Factory, Jinyi Industrial Co:, Ltd:, Shandong High Strength Fastener Co:, Ltd:, Shanghai Shenguang High Strength Bolt Co:, Ltd:
Company, Zhejiang Haili Co:, Ltd:, Shanghai High Strength Bolt Factory Co:, Ltd:, CSIC Haiwei Zhengzhou High-tech Co:, Ltd:, Ningbo Jiulong
Fastener Manufacturing Co:, Ltd:, Ningbo Ningli High-strength Fastener Co:, Ltd:, General Parts Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center of Machinery Industry,
Hunan Shenyi Machinery Application Research Institute Co:, Ltd:, Beijing State Grid Fuda Technology Development Co:, Ltd:, Wuxi Standard Parts Factory Co:, Ltd:,
Quzhou Tianli Fastener Co:, Ltd:, Xuzhou Ruida High-strength Fastener Co:, Ltd:, Taizhou Huanxing Stainless Steel Co:, Ltd:
This document is interpreted by the National Fastener Standardization Technical Committee:
Introduction
High-strength steel fasteners generally refer to fasteners with tensile strength (Rm) exceeding 1000MPa, which are often used in bridges, engines, aerospace
The failure of fasteners in these parts can have catastrophic consequences: Failure prevention and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) risk management are
Fundamental issues that need to be considered in the entire fastener supply chain, including: steel mills, fastener manufacturers, surface coating suppliers, applications
Engineers, connection designers to end users: Hydrogen embrittlement has been studied for decades, however, the complexity of the phenomenon and numerous variables make
The occurrence of fastener failure is unpredictable: Relevant research is usually carried out under simplified and/or ideal conditions, and its conclusions are difficult to translate into
Fastener industry standard or instructive production technology in practice: In addition, the differences between different norms and standards, some requirements are not sufficient
Some requirements are too strict, which makes the situation more complicated: Inconsistencies and even contradictory standards in the fastener industry have led to many conjectures:
confusion and avoidable fastener failures: Hydrogen embrittlement is often mistakenly seen as a source of failure rather than a failure mechanism:
reflects this conceptual confusion:
Fasteners Basic Principles of Hydrogen Embrittlement of Steel Fasteners
1 Scope
This document provides a brief and complete introduction to the latest knowledge on hydrogen embrittlement from a professional and technical point of view:
This document applies to steel fasteners:
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document:
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document:
3:1
hardness
The resistance of a metal to plastic deformation, usually represented by an indentation or penetration of a solid (surface or core):
3:2
workhardening
When the metal is plastically deformed (by rolling, drawing, drawing, thread rolling, heading, extrusion, etc:) at room temperature, the strength and hardness (3:1) increase, while
The phenomenon of reduced ductility:
3:3
heat treatment heattreatment
The process of heating, holding and cooling metal materials or workpieces in an appropriate manner to obtain the desired structure and properties:
NOTE: Fastener heat treatment includes, but is not limited to, quenching and tempering, annealing, case hardening, and stress relief:
[Source: GB/T 7232-2012, 2:1]
3:4
Quenching and tempering quenching and tempering; QT
The workpiece is heated to austenitize and then rapidly cooled to obtain a martensite (or bainite) structure, and then reheated to a certain temperature and maintained at a certain temperature:
Cool to room temperature after a period of time to obtain the desired physical or mechanical properties of the heat treatment (3:3) process:
3:5
case-hardening case-hardening
Chemical heat treatment process consisting of carburizing or carbonitriding and quenching to increase the surface hardness (3:1) of steel fasteners:
Note: This process is used for self-tapping screws, self-extrusion screws and self-drilling self-tapping screws, etc:
3:6
stress relief
The heat treatment (3:3) process of heating the fastener to an appropriate temperature and maintaining it for a certain period of time, and then slowly cooling it to reduce the
Residual stresses due to hardening (3:2):
3:7
baking
The process of heating fasteners at a specified temperature and time to reduce the risk of intrinsic hydrogen embrittlement (3:15):
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