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GB/T 36261-2018 English PDF

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GB/T 36261-2018: On-site test technical condition and calculation for optical and thermal parameters of energy saving glass for building
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Basic data

Standard ID GB/T 36261-2018 (GB/T36261-2018)
Description (Translated English) On-site test technical condition and calculation for optical and thermal parameters of energy saving glass for building
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard Q30
Classification of International Standard 81.040
Word Count Estimation 18,163
Date of Issue 2018-06-07
Date of Implementation 2019-05-01
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 36261-2018: On-site test technical condition and calculation for optical and thermal parameters of energy saving glass for building


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On-site test technical condition and calculation for optical and thermal parameters of energy saving glass for building ICS 81.040 Q30 National Standards of People's Republic of China Energy-saving glass optics and thermal parameters for construction Measurement technical conditions and calculation methods Published on.2018-06-07 2019-05-01 implementation State market supervision and administration China National Standardization Administration issued

Content

Foreword III 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 terms and definitions, symbol 1 4 Test Category 2 5 Test principle 3 6 Basic parameters measurement requirements for photothermal calculation 3 7 parameter calculation 5 8 Test Report 7 Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Method for verification of conformity between small samples and finished glass products 8 Appendix B (normative appendix) CIE standard illuminant D65 and CIE standard visible light transmittance and visible light Reflectance calculation parameter 10 Appendix C (normative appendix) Parameters for calculation of solar photothermal performance under atmospheric conditions of 1.5 Appendix D (Normative Appendix) Calculation of Spectral Transmittance and Spectral Reflectance of Each Specimen of the Specimen 13

Foreword

This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard was proposed by the China Building Materials Federation. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Building Glass Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC255). This standard is mainly drafted by. Beijing Aobotai Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan Yintong Glass Co., Ltd., National Glass Quality Supervision Inspection Center, China Building Glass and Industrial Glass Association. Participated in the drafting of this standard. China Glass Holdings Co., Ltd., Guangdong Nanliang Glass Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Guanhua Oriental Glass Division Technology Co., Ltd., AVIC Sanxin Co., Ltd., Tianjin Beibo Glass Industrial Technology Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard. Zhang Yimin, Huang Daquan, Yuan Jing, Li Hui, Huang Jianbin, Liu Qiying, Wan Yongning, Song Jingyu, Wang Yuexiang, Liu Dongyang, Gao Qi, Lin Qingzhong. Energy-saving glass optics and thermal parameters for construction Measurement technical conditions and calculation methods

1 Scope

This standard specifies the test and calculation parameters, test classification and measurement involved in the field test of energy-saving glass optics and thermal parameters for construction. Test principle, basic parameter measurement requirements for light and heat calculation, parameter calculation and test report. This standard applies to field testing of energy-saving glass optics and thermal parameters of buildings that have been installed and to be installed.

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article. Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 2680 Building glass visible light transmittance, direct sunlight transmittance, total solar transmittance, ultraviolet transmittance and Determination of window glass parameters JGJ/T 151 Thermal Calculation Procedure for Building Door and Window Glass Curtain Wall 3 terms and definitions, symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1.1 Photothermal parameters opticalandthermalparameters Abbreviation for glass optical parameters and thermal parameters. Optical parameters generally refer to visible light transmittance, visible light reflectance, direct sunlight transmission Ratio, direct reflection ratio of sunlight, direct absorption ratio of sunlight, direct transmittance of infrared thermal energy of sunlight; thermal parameters generally refer to total solar transmission Ratio, solar infrared thermal total transmittance, shading coefficient, heat transfer coefficient, photothermal ratio, etc. 3.1.2 Basic parameter for optical and thermal calculation basicparameterforopticalandthermalcalculation Measured parameters for glass optics and thermal calculations, including. glass and gas spacer thickness, film position, corrected radiance, spectrum Transmittance, spectral reflectance, volumetric inert gas volume concentration, and the like. 3.2 symbol The following symbols apply to this document. g --- total solar transmittance; gIR --- solar infrared thermal energy total transmittance; K --- heat transfer coefficient [W/(m2 · K)]; LSG---light to heat ratio; SC --- shading coefficient; Ρe --- direct reflection ratio of sunlight; Ρv --- visible light reflectance; ρ(λ)---spectral reflectance; Τe --- direct transmittance of sunlight; τIR --- direct infrared transmittance of solar thermal energy; Τv --- visible light transmittance; τ(λ)---spectral transmittance.

4 test classification

4.1 First class test The first category is the architectural glass test that can directly test all photothermal parameters using non-destructive testing. 4.2 Second type of test The second type is that the optical parameters can only be directly tested by non-destructive testing at the site, and the architectural glass test of thermal parameters cannot be directly tested. The common building glass types applicable to specific field tests are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Common architectural glass types for field testing Glass product type Photothermal parameter visible Light through Shot ratio Τv Visible light Reflectance Ρv sunshine Direct penetration Shot ratio Τe sunshine Direct counter Shot ratio Ρe sunshine Infrared heat Can directly Transmittance τIR Solar energy Total penetration Shot ratio Heat transfer coefficient Solar energy Infrared heat Can always Shot ratio gIR test classification Monolithic glass √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Laminated glass √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Uncoated hollow glass √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Coating Single cavity Hollow glass Both sides and Under coating √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ More than two sides Coating √ √ √ √ √ × × × Class II Coating Multi-chamber Hollow glass Both sides and Under coating √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ More than two sides Coating √ √ √ √ √ × × × Class II Vacuum glass √ √ √ √ √ × × × Class II Note 1. √--- stands for application; ×--- stands for not applicable. Note 2. The optical parameter test is not applicable to glass whose surface is scattering, such as embossed glass, frosted glass, glazed glass, etc. 4.3 Requirements In the first type of test, the photothermal parameters were tested directly on site using a non-destructive test method. The second type of test, optical parameters using non-destructive testing Conduct on-site direct test, thermal engineering parameters according to Appendix A for sample consistency verification, the basis for photothermal calculation of small replacement samples Parameters (hereinafter referred to as the basic parameters) fragmentation test, calculate the total solar transmittance and heat transfer coefficient according to JGJ/T 151, calculated according to GB/T 2680 Solar infrared thermal energy total transmittance.

5 Test principle

For the photothermal parameter test of architectural glass, it is necessary to test the thickness of each layer of glass and spacer layer, spectral transmittance, spectral reflectance, and film surface correction Basic parameters such as the rate of incidence, the volume concentration of the inert gas in the spacer layer. The photothermal parameters are based on the basic parameters in accordance with GB/T 2680 and JGJ/T 151. Calculated, the calculation of glass thermal parameters and the adoption standards are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Photothermal parameter calculation and standard diagram

6 Basic parameters measurement requirements for photothermal calculation

6.1 General requirements 6.1.1 Measurements should be made under conditions where the instrument is allowed to use ambient temperature and humidity. 6.1.2 Avoid direct sunlight measurement area during measurement. 6.1.3 The surface of the measurement area to be measured should be clean and free of visible scratches. The sample should be flat glass. 6.2 Glass and spacer thickness measurement 6.2.1 The instrument used to measure the composition of the glass shall be capable of directly measuring the thickness of each piece of glass and spacer layer on the spot, and the maximum allowable instrument The error should be no more than 0.2mm. 6.2.2 For rectangular glass specimens, in the middle of each side and at a distance of no more than 100 mm from the side, as a measuring point, as shown in Figure 2. The thickness of each piece of glass and the thickness of the spacer layer at four points were measured, and the average value of the thickness of each piece of glass and the thickness of the spacer layer was calculated as a glass structure. parameter. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the measurement position of the glass composition structure 6.3 Spectral transflective ratio measurement 6.3.1 Measurement method Spectrophotometric measurement. 6.3.2 Spectral conditions Wavelength range. 300nm~2500nm, at least 380nm~2500nm; Wavelength interval. The wavelength interval requirement of each parameter in this standard should be met. 6.3.3 Measuring geometry The 8°.8° geometry was used. The angle between the optical axis of the illumination beam and the normal to the surface of the sample does not exceed 10°, and any light in the illumination beam The angle of the optical axis does not exceed 5°. When measuring the transmittance, the measuring instrument should be able to receive the transmission of each side of the insulating glass through multiple reflections. Light. When measuring the reflectance, the measuring instrument should be able to receive the reflected light from multiple reflections on each side of the insulating glass. 6.3.4 Maximum allowable error of the instrument The maximum allowable error for measuring visible light transmittance and direct sunlight transmittance should not be greater than 0.01; measuring visible light reflectance and the sun The maximum allowable error of the direct light reflectance should not be greater than 0.02. 6.4 Emissivity measurement The radiance of the hollow glass film surface is measured by non-destructive measurement, and the radiance is the film surface corrected radiance. The maximum allowable error of the instrument measurement is not Should be greater than 0.02. The measurement position should be greater than 100 mm from the edge of the glass sample. 6.5 Cavity inert gas volume concentration measurement 6.5.1 The volumetric inert gas volume concentration in the hollow cavity is measured by non-destructive measurement. The maximum allowable error of the instrument should not exceed 3.5%. 6.5.2 On both sides of the sample, about 100mm from the edge, select 5 points from top to bottom as the measurement point, as shown in Figure 3. Measured The inert gas volume concentration values at 10 measurement points are calculated and the arithmetic mean is calculated as the volumetric inert gas volume concentration. The unit is mm Figure 3 shows the position of the cavity inert gas measurement in Figure 3.

7 parameter calculation

7.1 Optical parameters 7.1.1 Overall visible light transmittance and reflectance of glass The calculation of the overall visible light transmittance τv of the glass is shown in equation (1). Τv= 780nm λ=380nm τ(λ)DλV(λ)Δλ 780nm λ=380nm DλV(λ)Δλ (1) In the formula. Τv --- the visible light transmittance of the sample as a whole; τ(λ) --- the spectral transmittance of the sample as a whole; Dλ --- relative spectral power distribution of the standard illuminant D65; V(λ) --- CIE standard view function; Δλ --- wavelength interval, is 10 nm; The product of DλV(λ)Δλ---Dλ, V(λ) and the wavelength interval Δλ, and the value of DλV(λ) Δλ are shown in Appendix B. The calculation of the overall visible light reflectance ρv of the glass is given by equation (2). Ρv= 780nm λ=380nm ρ(λ)DλV(λ)Δλ 780nm λ=380nm DλV(λ)Δλ (2) In the formula. Ρv --- the visible light reflectance of the sample as a whole; ρ(λ) --- the spectral reflectance of the sample as a whole; Dλ --- relative spectral power distribution of the standard illuminant D65; V(λ) --- CIE standard view function; Δλ --- wavelength interval, is 10 nm; The product of DλV(λ)Δλ---Dλ, V(λ) and the wavelength interval Δλ, and the value of DλV(λ) Δλ are shown in Appendix B. 7.1.2 Glass direct sunlight transmittance, reflectance The calculation of the direct transmittance τe of the glass as a whole is shown in equation (3). Τe= 2500nm λ=300nm τ(λ)SλΔλ 2500nm λ=300nm SλΔλ (3) In the formula. Τe --- the direct direct transmittance of sunlight of the sample; τ(λ)--the spectral transmittance of the sample as a whole; Sλ --- relative spectral distribution of solar radiation; Δλ --- wavelength interval; SλΔλ---Sλ is the product of the wavelength interval Δλ, and the value of SλΔλ is shown in Appendix C. The direct solar reflectance ratio ρe of the glass is calculated as shown in equation (4). Ρe= 2500nm λ=300nm ρ(λ)SλΔλ 2500nm λ=300nm SλΔλ (4) In the formula. Ρe --- the direct direct reflectance of the sample; ρ(λ)---the spectral reflectance of the sample as a whole; Sλ --- relative spectral distribution of solar radiation; Δλ --- wavelength interval; SλΔλ---Sλ is the product of the wavelength interval Δλ, and the value of SλΔλ is shown in Appendix C. 7.1.3 Glass overall sunlight infrared thermal energy direct transmittance The glass direct sunlight infrared thermal energy direct transmittance τIR calculation is shown in equation (5). τIR= 2500nm λ=780nm τ(λ)SλΔλ 2500nm λ=780nm SλΔλ (5) In the formula. τIR --- the direct transmittance of the solar infrared thermal energy of the sample as a whole; τ(λ)--the spectral transmittance of the sample as a whole; Sλ --- relative spectral distribution of solar radiation; Δλ --- wavelength interval; SλΔλ ---Sλ is the product of the wavelength interval Δλ, and the value of SλΔλ is shown in Appendix C. 7.2 Thermal parameters 7.2.1 Total solar transmittance The calculation of the total solar total transmittance g value of the glass is shown in equation (6). g=τe qi (6) In the formula. g --- the total solar energy transmittance of the sample as a whole; Direct sunlight transmittance in τe ---7.1.2; Qi --- The secondary heat transfer coefficient of the sample to the indoor side. Among them, qi is calculated according to the calculation method specified in JGJ/T 151, and the basic parameters used are obtained by the test specified in Chapter 6 of this standard. The spectral transmittance and spectral reflectance of each piece of glass used in the calculation process are shown in Appendix D. 7.2.2 Heat transfer coefficient The heat transfer coefficient K value is calculated according to JGJ/T 151, and the basic parameters used in the calculation process are obtained by the test specified in Chapter 6 of this standard. 7.2.3 Solar infrared thermal energy total transmittance The total solar infrared thermal energy total transmittance gIR calculation of the glass is shown in equation (7). gIR=τIR qIR,i (7) In the formula. gIR --- the total solar infrared thermal energy total transmittance of the sample; τIR ---7.1.3 direct infrared transmittance of solar thermal energy; qIR, i---Sun infrared secondary heat transfer coefficient of the sample to the indoor side. qIR, i is calculated according to the calculation method specified in GB/T 2680, and the basic parameters used are obtained by the test specified in Chapter 6 of this standard. For the calculation of the spectral transmittance and spectral reflectance of each piece of glass used in the calculation, see Appendix D. 7.2.4 Photothermal ratio The overall photothermal ratio of the glass is calculated by the formula (8). LSG= Τv (8) In the formula. LSG---the photothermal ratio of the sample; Visible light transmittance in τv ---7.1.1; g --- The total solar energy transmittance of the sample.

8 test report

The report should include the following. a) adopt standards; b) sample description; c) test equipment; d) test results; e) test location; f) environmental conditions; g) test personnel; h) Test date.

Appendix A

(normative appendix) Method for verifying the consistency of small samples and finished glass products A.1 Purpose For glass products that cannot be directly tested in the field without lossless direct testing of thermal parameters, which cannot be cut into small pieces for laboratory testing, generally Laboratory tests were performed using small pieces instead of samples, but there is no guarantee that the small replacement samples will be consistent with the characteristics of the glass product. Optical parameters The lossless alignment test verifies the consistency of the small replacement sample with the finished glass product and ensures the reliability of the replacement test. A.2 Verification method A.2.1 Testing A.2.1.1 Directly test the overall spectral transmittance, spectral reflectance (indoor side or outdoor side) of glass products, and calculate the direct sunlight The transmittance τe and the direct sunlight reflectance ρe. A.2.1.2 A small piece of the same material and the same process shall be used to form a small replacement sample of the same configuration as the glass product, which is the same as A.2.1.1. The test method directly tests the overall spectral transmittance, spectral reflectance (indoor side or outdoor side) of the small block substitute sample, and calculates the sunlight separately. Direct transmittance τ'e, direct sunlight reflectance ρ'e. A.2.2 Calculation A.2.2.1 Absolute value of direct transmittance difference of sunlight The absolute value of the direct transmittance difference of sunlight is calculated according to the formula (A.1). Δτe= τe-τ'e (A.1) In the formula. Δτe---the absolute value of the direct transmittance difference of sunlight; Τe --- glass direct product direct sunlight transmittance; Τ'e --- small block replaces the overall direct sunlight transmittance of the sample. A.2.2.2 Absolute value of direct reflectance difference of sunlight The absolute value of the direct reflectance difference of sunlight is calculated according to equation (A.2). Δρe= ρe-ρ'e (A.2) In the formula. Δρe---the absolute value of the direct reflectance difference of sunlight; Ρe --- glass direct product direct reflectance of the finished product; Ρ'e --- small block replaces the overall direct sunlight reflectance of the sample. A.2.2.3 Average value of the absolute value of the 10-point spectral transmittance difference Calculate the average value of the absolute value of the 10-point spectral transmittance difference according to formula (A.3). The 10 wavelength points are selected according to Table A.1. Δτ= i=1 τ(λi)-τ'(λi) (A.3) In the formula. The average value of the absolute value of the Δτ -10 point spectral transmittance difference; Λi ---10 wavelength points, see Table A.1; τ(λi)--the value of the overall spectral transmittance of the glass product at the wavelength λi; τ'(λi)---The value of the overall spectral transmittance of the small block replacement sample at the wavelength λi. A.2.2.4 Average value of the absolute value of the 10-point spectral reflectance difference Calculate the average value of the absolute value of the 10-point spectral reflectance difference according to formula (A.4). The 10 wavelength points are selected according to Table A.1. Δρ= i=1 ρ(λi)-ρ'(λi) (A.4) In the formula. The average value of the absolute value of the Δρ ---10 point spectral reflectance difference; Λi ---10 wavelength points, see Table A.1; ρ(λi)---the value of the overall spectral reflectance of the glass product at the wavelength λi; ρ'(λi)---The value of the overall spectral reflectance of the small block substitute sample at the wavelength λi. Table A.1 10 wavelength points Wavelength point wavelength Nm Wavelength point wavelength Nm Λ1 400 λ6 900 Λ2 500 λ7 1000 Λ3 600 λ8 1200 Λ4 700 λ9 1400 Λ5 800 λ10 1600 A.2.3 Determination It is determined that the thermal parameters of the tested glass products and the small substitute samples are consistent, and the following four conditions should be met. a) Δτe is not more than 0.03; b) Δρe is not more than 0.03; c) Δτ is not more than 0.03; d) Δρ is not more than 0.03.

Appendix B

(normative appendix) CIE standard illuminant D65 and CIE standard viewing parameters for visible light transmittance and visible light reflectance The parameters used in the calculation of visible light transmittance and visible light reflectance, ie the relative spectral power distribution of the standard illuminant D65 and the CIE standard view See the product of the function and wavelength interval as shown in Table B.1. Table B.1 Value of DλV(λ)Δλ Nm DλV(λ)Δλ×100 Nm DλV(λ)Δλ×100 380 0.0000 590 6.3306 390 0.0005 600 5.3542 400 0.0030 610 4.2491 410 0.0103 620 3.1502 420 0.0352 630 2.0812 430 0.0948 640 1.3810 440 0.2274 650 0.8070 450 0.4192 660 0.4612 460 0.6663 670 0.2485 470 0.9850 680 0.1255 480 1.5189 690 0.0536 490 2.1336 700 0.0276 500 3.3491 710 0.0146 510 5.1393 720 0.0057 520 7.0523 730 0.0035 530 8.7990 740 0.0021 540 9.4427 750 0.0008 550 9.8077 760 0.0001 560 9.4306 770 0.0000 570 8.6891 780 0.0000 580 7.8994 - - Note. ∑ 780nm λ=380nm DλV(λ)Δλ=1.

Appendix C

(normative appendix) Parameters for calculation of solar photothermal performance under atmospheric conditions of 1.5 Solar direct transmittance, reflectance, and solar infrared thermal energy direct transmittance calculation parameters, that is, solar radiation relative spectrum The product of the cloth and the wavelength interval is shown in Table C.1. Table C.1 The product of the relative spectral distribution Sλ of solar radiation and the wavelength interval Δλ at an atmospheric mass of 1.5 Nm SλΔλ Nm SλΔλ 300 0.000000 530 0.015867 305 0.000057 540 0.015827 310 0.000236 550 0.015844 315 0.000554 560 0.015590 320 0.000916 570 0.015256 325 0.001309 580 0.014745 330 0.001914 590 0.014330 335 0.002018 600 0.014663 340 0.002189 610 0.015030 345 0.002260 620 0.014859 350 0.002445 630 0.014622 355 0.002555 640 0.014526 360 0.002683 650 0.014445 365 0.003020 660 0.014313 370 0.003359 670 0.014023 375 0.003509 680 0.012838 380 0.003600 690 0.011788 385 0.003529 700 0.012453 390 0.003551 710 0.012798 395 0.004294 720 0.010589 400 0.007812 730 0.011233 410 0.011638 740 0.012175 420 0.011877 750 0.012181 430 0.011347 760 0.009515 440 0.013246 770 0.010479 450 0.015343 780 0.011381 460 0.016166 790 0.011262 470 0.016178 800 0.028718 480 0.016402 850 0.048240 490 0.015794 900 0.040297 500 0.015801 950 0.021384 510 0.015973 1000 0.036097 520 0.015357 1050 0.034110 Table C.1 (continued) Nm SλΔλ Nm SλΔλ 1100 0.018861 1850 0.000398 1150 0.013228 1900 0.000082 1200 0.022551 1950 0.001087 1250 0.023376.2000 0.003024 1300 0.017756 2050 0.003988 1350 0.003743 2100 0.004229 1400 0.000741 2150 0.004142 1450 0.003792 2200 0.003690 1500 0.009693 2250 0.003592 1550 0.013693 2300 0.003436 1600 0.012203 2350 0.003163 1650 0.010615 2400 0.002233 1700 0.007256 2450 0.001202 1750 0.007183 2500 0.000475 1800 0.002157 - - Note. Sλ is the relative spectral distribution of standard solar radiation (direct diffuse) on the ground when the air mass is 1.5.

Appendix D

(normative appendix) Calculation of Spectral Transmittance and Spectral Reflectance of Each Piece of Specimen D.1 Calculating the total solar transmittance g value, solar infrared thermal energy total transmittance gIR requires the spectral transmittance of each piece of glass used in the sample and Spectral reflectance data. From the spectral transflective ratio data and the membrane surface emissivity of the whole test, the spectral transversal of each piece of glass can be obtained by inverse calculation. Shooting ratio data. This method is suitable for the case of two or less coatings. D.2 When the number of glass layers of the sample is 2, the spectral transflective ratio of each piece of glass of the sample is calculated in the following three cases. D.2.1 When the outdoor sheet is coated glass and the indoor sheet is uncoated, the spectral transmittance of the uncoated glass sheet of the sample, the outdoor side The spectral reflectance and the indoor side spectral reflectance are typical parameters of ordinary white glass or ultra-whit...

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