GB/T 50530: Evolution and historical versions
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| GB/T 50530-2022 | English | RFQ |
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Code for design of alumina refinery process
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GB/T 50530-2022
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| GB 50530-2010 | English | RFQ |
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Code for design of alumina refinery process
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GB 50530-2010
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PDF similar to GB/T 50530-2022
Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 50530-2022 (GB/T50530-2022) | | Description (Translated English) | Code for design of alumina refinery process | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | P34 | | Classification of International Standard | 91.040.20 | | Word Count Estimation | 150,130 | | Date of Issue | 2022-07-15 | | Date of Implementation | 2023-02-01 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation | GB/T 50530-2022: Code for design of alumina refinery process---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
1 General
1.0.1 This standard is formulated to unify the technical requirements for process design of alumina plants, promote technological progress, improve design quality, and achieve advanced technology, reasonable economy, safety and reliability.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the process design of new, expanded and reconstructed alumina plants that use diaspore type, gibbsite type and mixed type bauxite as raw materials to produce metallurgical grade alumina.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the process design of new, expanded and reconstructed alumina plants that use diaspore type, gibbsite type and mixed type bauxite as raw materials to produce metallurgical grade alumina.
2 terms
2.0.1 Alumina
A stable oxide of aluminum with a variety of different crystal forms, the molecular formula is Al2O3.
2.0.2 Aluminum hydroxide
The crystalline substance separated from the sodium aluminate solution has the molecular formula Al(OH)3.
2.0.3 Metallurgical grade alumina smelter grade alumina
Alumina used in the production of metallic aluminum by molten salt electrolysis.
2.0.4 Bauxite
It is a general term for ores composed of diaspore, gibbsite or boehmite as the main mineral, and composed of silicon, iron and titanium in different amounts and small or trace amounts of other element compounds.
2.0.5 Diaspore diaspore
Oxygen-hydroxide of aluminum with a density of 3.3g/cm³-3.5g/cm³ and a Mohs hardness of 6.5-7.It belongs to the orthorhombic system, and its molecular formula is AlOOH or Al2O3·H2O.
2.0.6 Boehmite boehmite
Oxygen-hydroxide of aluminum with a density of 3.01g/cm³-3.06g/cm³ and a Mohs hardness of 3.5-4.It belongs to the orthorhombic system, and its molecular formula is AlOOH or Al2O3·H2O.
2.0.7 Gibbsite gibbsite
Oxygen-hydroxide of aluminum with a density of 2.35g/cm³-2.42g/cm³ and a Mohs hardness of 2.5-3.5, belonging to the monoclinic crystal system, with a molecular formula of Al(OH)3 or Al2O3·3H2O.
2.0.8 mixed bauxite
A gibbsite ore containing part of boehmite, or a diaspore mine containing part of boehmite.
2.0.9 Red mud red mud
The residue after extracting alumina by Bayer method or sintering method.
2.0.10 Bayer process
A production method in which the alumina in the bauxite is directly leached with caustic lye to obtain a sodium aluminate solution, and then diluted and decomposed to produce alumina.
2.0.11 sintering process
The aluminum-containing raw material is calcined by batching, so that the alumina in it is converted into soluble sodium aluminate.
2.0.13 serial combination process
The red mud processed by the Bayer method of bauxite is then processed by the sintering method to recover the alumina and alkali in the alumina production method.
2.0.14 parallel combination process
High-grade bauxite is processed by Bayer method, low-grade bauxite is processed by sintering method, and the sodium aluminate solution produced by sintering method is used to supplement the alumina production method lost by Bayer method.
2.0.15 mixed combination process
The red mud processed by the Bayer method is mixed with an appropriate amount of bauxite, and then processed by the sintering method for the production of alumina.
2.0.16 Circulating lye test liquor
Lye for return batching in alumina production.
2.0.17 bauxite slurry
Slurry for Bayer dissolution prepared according to production process requirements.
2.0.18 Raw slurry
The slurry used for firing clinker prepared according to the requirements of the production process.
2.0.19 alkali red mud alkali red mud
In the combined production, the Bayer process red mud slurry after adding alkali powder.
2.0.20 Dissolution digestion
The process of leaching alumina from bauxite with caustic lye at the dissolution temperature.
2.0.21 effective alumina total available alumina
Alumina that can dissolve from bauxite into solution under defined dissolution conditions.
2.0.22 reactive silica
Under determined stripping conditions, silica in bauxite reacts with alkali resulting in loss of alumina and sodium oxide.
2.0.23 Single-stream dissolution single-stream digestion
Dissolution technology in which circulating lye and raw ore pulp are heated together.
2.0.25 pre-desilication
Before the raw ore pulp enters the dissolution heating device, the process of making activated silica react with alkali to convert it into hydrated sodium aluminosilicate or hydrated garnet.
2.0.26 Caustic ratio molar ratio
Molar ratio of caustic soda to alumina in sodium aluminate solution.
2.0.27 Clinker firing sintering
The process in which raw slurry is calcined at high temperature to become aluminate clinker.
2.0.28 clinker dissolution sinter leaching
The process of dissolving useful components in clinker with water or dilute alkali solution.
2.0.29 Pregnant liquor
Dissolving the sodium aluminate solution after separating the red mud from the slurry.
2.0.30 Crude liquid desilication desilication
It is a desiliconization process that converts the silicon oxide in the crude liquid into compounds with low solubility and precipitates as solid precipitates.
2.0.31 sodium aluminate solution
The alumina hydrate in bauxite is under the action of caustic lye, and the solid-phase sodium aluminate in clinker is under the action of water or dilute lye to form a solution containing sodium ions and aluminate ions.
2.0.32 control filtration control filtration
Before the seeds are decomposed, the filtration process is used to purify the suspended solids in the sodium aluminate solution.
2.0.33 semen green liquor
Refined sodium aluminate solution that controls the content of suspended solids after filtration and meets the technical requirements for decomposition.
2.0.34 Seed precipitation
The process of adding seeds to sodium aluminate solution, lowering the temperature, and precipitating aluminum hydroxide.
2.0.35 Carbonation precipitation
The process of passing carbon dioxide gas into the sodium aluminate solution to neutralize the caustic alkali in the solution and precipitate aluminum hydroxide.
2.0.36 A decomposition of one-stage precipitation
Adding seed crystals, the seed decomposition process is dominated by seed crystal growth.
2.0.37 Two-stage decomposition two-stage precipitation
Adding fine crystal seeds and coarse crystal seeds respectively, the seed decomposition process is dominated by the agglomeration of fine crystal seeds and the growth of coarse crystal seeds.
2.0.38 Mother liquor spent liquor
Sodium aluminate solution after decomposing aluminum hydroxide through seed decomposition or carbonation decomposition.
2.0.39 spent liquor evaporation
The process of heating the mother liquor to the boiling point to evaporate the water in it.
2.0.40 Evaporated mother liquor strong liquor
Mother liquor concentrated by evaporation.
2.0.41 Alkaline deployment test liquor preparation
According to the requirements of circulating lye to caustic alkali concentration and molecular ratio, the process of mixing and preparing alkali solutions with different concentrations.
2.0.42 caustic cleaning
The process of using heated caustic lye to clean the scars formed on the surface of equipment, pipes, filter cloths, etc.
2.0.43 hot water washing
The process of using hot water to clean the alkali, organic matter or salt attached to the surface of equipment, pipes, filter cloth, etc.
2.0.44 chemical cleaning chemical cleaning
The process of using dilute sulfuric acid or dilute nitric acid to clean the scars formed on the surface of equipment, pipelines, etc.
2.0.45 mechanical cleaning
The process of using a high-pressure water pump to clean the scars formed on the surface of equipment, pipes, etc.
2.0.46 Aluminum hydroxide calcination
The process of drying, dehydrating and converting aluminum hydroxide into different crystal forms of aluminum oxide by heating.
3 basic rules
3.0.1 The overall planning of the alumina plant shall meet the following requirements.
1 It is advisable to adopt the scheme of one-time planning and phased construction;
2 The expansion and reconstruction design shall utilize the original production facilities, public facilities and living facilities, and shall reduce the impact on production;
3 Energy consumption, resource consumption and comprehensive utilization shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Circular Economy Evaluation of Aluminum Industry" GB/T 33858.
3.0.2 The product plan of the alumina plant shall meet the following requirements.
1 The quality of alumina products should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Aluminum Oxide" GB/T 24487 and "Metallurgical Grade Alumina" YS/T803, and the quality of aluminum hydroxide products should meet the requirements of the current national standard "Aluminum Hydroxide" GB/T 4294 Relevant regulations; the chemical composition and physical properties of alumina and aluminum hydroxide can be determined according to actual needs or user requirements;
2 Gallium metal can be recovered from alumina production depending on gallium content in bauxite and market demand. The quality of industrial gallium should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Gallium" GB/T 1475.
3.0.3 The determination of alumina production method shall comply with the following regulations.
1 It should be determined after technical and economic comparison based on factors such as bauxite quality and comprehensive utilization;
2 When adopting new technologies, new processes, and new equipment, technical and economic comparisons and feasibility demonstrations should be carried out; when new processes are adopted, the technical conditions of the process should be determined according to semi-industrial tests or industrial tests;
3 The technical conditions and technical indicators of process design should be determined after optimization analysis based on bauxite processing test, semi-industrial test, production practice and other data.
3.0.4 The process design of the alumina plant shall meet the following requirements.
1 The material balance calculation of the whole plant shall be carried out, and the unit product flow rate (kg/t or m³/t), average flow rate (t/h or m³/h) and maximum flow rate (t /h or m³/h);
2 Energy balance calculation should be carried out;
3 Water balance calculation should be carried out, water should be saved in the production process, and water-saving technical indicators should comply with the current national standards "Water Intake Quota Part 12.Alumina Production" GB/T 18916.12 and "Water-saving Enterprise Alumina Industry" GB/T 18916.12 /T33232 related regulations;
4 When calculating the type selection of the main process equipment, the production capacity of the main process equipment should be the annual average production capacity, and the operation rate should be the annual average operation rate;
5 Auxiliary equipment should ensure the continuity of main engine production and the full play of production capacity, and the selection of similar equipment should be unified;
6.According to needs, fine aluminum hydroxide can be recovered from the mother liquor after separation of aluminum hydroxide;
7 A central laboratory should be set up, and sampling devices should be set up at the material sampling points of each workshop.
3.0.5 The transportation of solid materials in the alumina plant shall comply with the following regulations.
1 The production capacity of the conveying equipment of the continuous feeding system should not be less than the maximum design flow rate of the conveyed material, and the conveying equipment can be set up as backup.
2 The production capacity and delivery volume of the conveying equipment of the intermittent feeding system should be determined according to the working system and the buffer time of the silo.
3 According to the different properties of powdery materials, trough or barrel belt conveyors, screw conveyors, bucket elevators, buried scraper conveyors and pneumatic conveying equipment can be used; when using screw conveyors to transport alumina, It is not suitable to use hanging bearing screw conveyor.
4 When the belt conveyor cannot be used due to material particle size or material temperature, the following regulations shall be met.
1) When horizontal conveying is required, plate conveyor or skirt conveyor can be used;
2) When it is necessary to lift and transport, a bucket elevator or a skirt conveyor with an inclination angle not greater than 45° can be used;
3) When multi-point unloading is required, a zipper conveyor can be used.
5.When the conveying equipment is linked with the host equipment or multiple conveying equipment is operated in conjunction, the interlocking control method should be adopted, and the rated power of the motor should meet the requirements for full-load start-up; when starting the remote operation equipment, a start-up bell should be set.
6 The solid materials that are prone to dust can be conveyed by closed belt corridors or closed conveying equipment.
7 The selection of the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor shall meet the following requirements.
1) When the temperature of the conveying material is lower than 80°C, ordinary conveying belts should be used;
2) When the temperature of the conveying material is 80 ° C ~ 180 ° C, heat-resistant conveyor belts should be used;
3) When the material to be transported is flammable, a flame-retardant conveyor belt should be used.
8 The layout design of the belt conveyor shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Safety Code for Belt Conveyors" GB 14784 and "Technical Standards for Belt Conveyor Engineering" GB 50431;
9 When conveying by way of belt corridor, the following regulations shall be met.
1) In cold regions, the corridor of bauxite conveyor belt can be equipped with heating facilities;
2) Underground structures should adopt anti-seepage design, and should be equipped with ventilation facilities and drainage facilities;
3) Platforms and access doors should be set at the junction between the underground and the ground.
10 Dust suppression measures should be taken or airtight covers should be installed at the dust generation point. When setting up the airtight cover, it should be equipped with dust removal facilities. Fugitive emission control measures shall comply with the relevant provisions of HJ863.2 of the current industry standard "Technical Specifications for Application and Issuance of Pollutant Discharge Permits Non-ferrous Metal Industry - Aluminum Smelting".
11 The discharge of particulate matter should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for the Aluminum Industry" GB 25465.
3.0.6 The thermal insulation design and anti-corrosion design of the alumina plant shall meet the following requirements.
1 The thermal insulation design of equipment and pipelines shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of Industrial Equipment and Pipeline Thermal Insulation Engineering" GB 50264;
2 The combustion performance grade of thermal insulation materials and products should not be lower than the A2 grade materials stipulated in the current national standard "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products" GB 8624;
3 The content of organic matter in thermal insulation materials and products should comply with the national regulations on the protection of occupational hazards of artificial mineral fiber thermal insulation cotton, and the content of organic matter should not exceed 5%; the thermal insulation materials of non-load-bearing parts of equipment and pipelines should not contain organic matter, and silicic acid should be used Magnesium soluble fiber thermal insulation materials and products; the content of impurity ferric oxide in thermal insulation materials and products should not exceed 0.6%;
4 The insulation material of non-load-bearing parts of equipment and pipelines should use magnesium silicate soluble fiber blankets, magnesium silicate fibers should be produced from high-purity raw materials, and the bulk density of magnesium silicate soluble fiber blankets should be (80±15) kg/m³, The combustion performance level should be A1 non-combustible;
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