GB 38228: Evolution and historical versions
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Respiratory protection - Self-contained closed-circuit oxygen breathing apparatus for escape
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Respiratory protection - Self-contained closed-circuit oxygen breathing apparatus for escape
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 38228-2025 (GB38228-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | Respiratory protection - Self-contained closed-circuit oxygen breathing apparatus for escape | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Date of Implementation | 2026-09-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 38228-2019 | GB/T 38228-2019: Respiratory protection - Self-contained closed-circuit oxygen breathing apparatus for escape
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Respiratory protection--Self-contained closed-circuit oxygen breathing apparatus for escape
ICS 13.340.30
C73
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Respiratory protective self-contained closed-circuit oxygen escape respirator
Published on October 18,.2019
2020-05-01 implementation
State Administration of Market Supervision
Published by China National Standardization Administration
Contents
Foreword III
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Classification, grading and marking 2
5 Technical requirements 2
6 Test method 8
7 Identification and packaging 15
References 17
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Personal Protective Equipment Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC112).
This standard was drafted. Institute of Chemical Defense, Academy of Military Sciences, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Honeywell Safety Protection Equipment (on
Haihai Co., Ltd., Dräger Safety Equipment (China) Co., Ltd., Army Aviation Academy.
The main drafters of this standard. Yang Xiaobing, Yang Bo, Zhang Mingming, Liu Xiang, Guo Jianshu, Liang Guojie, Zhang Shouzheng, Zhang Shouxin, Zhang Chongjie, Yang Dongxing,
Ding Songtao, Li Zuohua, Gao Ningjun.
Respiratory protective self-contained closed-circuit oxygen escape respirator
1 Scope
This standard specifies the classification, classification, technical requirements, test methods, self-sufficient closed-circuit oxygen breathing apparatus for escape (hereinafter referred to as breathing apparatus),
Identification and packaging.
This standard applies to workplaces, public places for escape (including hazardous accident escape) breathing apparatus.
This standard does not apply to breathing apparatus for diving operations.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 2410-2008 Determination of light transmittance and haze of transparent plastics
GB 2626-2006 Respiratory protective equipment
GB 2890-2009 Respiratory self-priming filter gas mask
GB 3836.1-2010 Explosive environment Part 1. General requirements for equipment
GB/T 5099-1994 steel seamless gas cylinder
GB/T 8982-2009 oxygen for medical and aviation breathing
GB/T 12903-2008 Terms for personal protective equipment
GB/T 18664-2002 Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protective equipment
GB 23394-2009 self-contained closed-circuit compressed oxygen respirator
GB/T 23465-2009 Practical performance evaluation of respiratory protective equipment
GB 24502-2009 chemical oxygen self-rescuer for coal mine
GB/T 28053-2011 Compound gas cylinder for respirator
GB/T 32166.2-2015 Personal protective equipment Eye and face protection Occupational eye and face protectors Part 2. Measurement methods
AQ1057-2008 Initial oxygen generator of chemical oxygen self-rescuer
MT427-1995 Technical conditions of potassium superoxide sheet oxygen generator
MT454-2008 Technical requirements for calcium hydroxide for isolated oxygen breathing apparatus and self-rescuer
3 terms and definitions
GB/T 12903-2008 and GB 24502-2009 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Self-containedclosed-circuitoxygenbreathingapparatus
Isolate the human respiratory organs from the atmosphere, use chemical oxygen or compressed oxygen as the oxygen source, and absorb exhaled carbon dioxide
Closed to form a complete breathing cycle, a respirator for wearers to use in the absence of oxygen or toxic and harmful gas environment.
3.2
Rated working time
Respirator operating time determined under specified test conditions.
3.3
Carryingcontainer
Containers for placing and carrying respirators in non-operating state.
3.4
Mouthpiece assembly
It is a device that allows the air to come in and out through the occlusion of teeth or the support of teeth and headband. The nose is closed by a nose clip and the lips are closed.
Note. The mouthpiece component includes mouthpiece, nose clip and fixing device.
3.5
Breathing bag
Gas storage device for compensating for changes in gas supply demand and providing peak flow demand during the suction process.
3.6
Exhaust valve reliefvalve
Non-return valve for releasing excess pressure in the breathing airbag.
4 Classification, grading and marking
4.1 Classification
By oxygen source.
a) The source of oxygen is the oxygen generator NaClO3, marked with the code. C;
b) The source of oxygen is compressed oxygen, marked with the code. D;
c) The source of oxygen is oxygen generator KO2, marked with the code. K.
4.2 Classification
According to the rated protection time (t), it is divided into four levels of 10min, 15min, 20min, and 30min, of which.
a) 10min≤t < 15min, marking code. 10;
b) 15min≤t < 20min, marking code. 15;
c) 20min≤t < 30min, marking code. 20;
d) t≥30min, marking code. 30.
4.3 Marking
The product mark consists of four parts. name, this standard number, respirator category and level.
Example. An oxygen breathing apparatus for escape with a rated protection time of 20 min and an oxygen source of oxygen generator NaClO3 is marked as. oxygen escape breathing apparatus
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Design requirements
5.1.1 General requirements
The design of the respirator should meet the following requirements, check according to the method specified in 6.2, and evaluate in 6.14.
a) The structure of the respirator should be reliable, simple, compact, easy to carry and hang, easy to remove and wear, and difficult in dark or limited space.
Under conditions, it should also be easy for users to wear;
b) when used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, the respirator should be designed so as not to interfere with work activities;
c) The respirator should have no protruding parts or sharp edges, and should not be hung when passing through a narrow passage;
d) the part of the respirator in contact with the user should not have sharp corners or burrs;
e) The design and structure of the respirator should be able to prevent the intrusion of external air, and the air tightness meets the requirements of this standard;
f) The respirator should be able to prevent chemicals from entering the wearer's respiratory tract, and saliva and condensation generated by the user should not affect the respirator.
Normal function or cause any harm to the user;
g) The quick start system or the opening and closing device should not be accidentally triggered, and should be clearly observed after the respirator is turned on;
h) that the surface temperature of any part of the respirator in contact with the user should not cause personal injury during work;
i) chlorate oxygen candles shall have pressure safety devices (if equipped);
j) The mask should be a mouthpiece component or full face mask, which can be reliably connected to the respirator.
5.1.2 Special requirements for D-type design
D-type respirators should also meet the following requirements, check according to the method specified in 6.2, and evaluate in 6.14.
a) The casing should have sufficient strength, and the back plate of the lower casing should conform to the physiological curve of the human back; the buckles used to fix the upper and lower casings should be tight.
Moderate, flexible opening and closing can prevent accidental hanging;
b) The parts of the respirator that need to be operated by the user should be within reach and convenient for independent operation; the adjustable parts and control valves are not in use.
There should be accidental sliding, loosening, etc .;
c) The pressure gauge should be installed in a position convenient for users to observe;
d) The respirator should maintain its working performance in any direction. When it is removed from the backpack and still wearing a mask, the respirator should be normal.
Oxygen supply;
e) D-type automatic respirator should be full-face mask.
5.2 Material requirements
5.2.1 General requirements
The materials used in the respirator should meet the following requirements, check according to the method specified in 6.2, and evaluate in 6.14.
a) The materials used in respirators should have sufficient mechanical strength, resistance to fatigue, corrosion and aging;
b) The external parts of the respirator must not use aluminum, magnesium, titanium and their alloys to avoid being exposed to impact friction and causing the combustion of flammable gases.
explosion;
c) Breathing apparatus should be made of non-metallic materials and have antistatic properties.The surface insulation resistance should not exceed 1 × 109Ω.
Tested according to the method specified in 26.13 of GB 3836.1-2010;
d) The material on the respirator that is in direct contact with the user's skin should be non-irritating to the skin and not harmful to health;
e) materials that may come into contact with oxygen shall ensure that no oxy-fuel reaction occurs;
f) The rubber material used in the respirator shall comply with the provisions of 5.5.2 in GB 24502-2009;
g) The dust filter pad used by the respirator shall meet the requirements of 5.5.4 in GB 24502-2009;
h) The carbon dioxide absorbent shall comply with the provisions of MT454-2008.
5.2.2 Special requirements for D-type respirators
In addition to the D-type respirator meeting the general requirements, the compressed oxygen in the cylinder should meet the requirements of GB/T 8982-2009.
5.2.3 Special requirements for K-type respirators
In addition to the K-type respirator meeting the general requirements, oxygen generators should meet the requirements of MT427-1995.
5.3 Performance requirements
5.3.1 Appearance quality
Check in accordance with the method specified in 6.2.The outer surface of the respirator should be free of scratches, scars, and other obvious defects.The material and structure of the components should be
Can withstand normal use conditions and the temperature, humidity and mechanical shock that may be encountered. Mechanical properties and temperature as specified in 6.5 and 6.8.1
After humidity pretreatment, the parts should not fall off, be damaged or deformed. The logo and the information provided by the manufacturer are complete and clear.
5.3.2 Quality
The overall weight of the respirator, including the portable device, should not be greater than 5kg, and it should be tested according to the method specified in 6.3.
5.3.3 Air tightness
5.3.3.1 Airtightness of portable devices
After the air-tightness test of the portable device, the water column pressure drop value within 15s should not be greater than 80Pa, and it should be tested according to the method specified in 6.4.1.
5.3.3.2 Airtightness of the whole machine
The respirator ready for use should have sufficient air tightness, and the pressure drop should not exceed 100Pa within 1min. Respirator according to 6.5, 6.6 and
6.8.1 Airtightness shall also be maintained after flammability test, mechanical property pretreatment and temperature and humidity pretreatment, respectively, according to the method specified in 6.4.2
Detection.
5.3.4 Mechanical properties
After the drop resistance and mechanical strength test according to 6.5, the respirator should be free of cracks and obvious deformation. D-type respirators should also meet 5.3.8 (qi
Tightness and gas supply).
5.3.5 Flammability
After being removed from the flame, all parts exposed to the flame shall not burn or self-extinguish within 5s, and shall be tested according to the method specified in 6.6.
5.3.6 Performance
5.3.6.1 Rated protection time
After pretreatment in accordance with the provisions of 6.5 and 6.8.1 in order of mechanical properties and temperature and humidity, the test shall be carried out in accordance with the methods specified in 6.7.
To its rated rated protection time (35L/min), and the working time under the 10L/min test conditions is at least the rated protection time
3 times.
5.3.6.2 Oxygen content
After pretreatment in accordance with the provisions of 6.5 and 6.8.1 in order of mechanical properties and temperature and humidity, the test shall be carried out in accordance with the method specified in 6.7.
The oxygen content should not be less than 21% by volume, and not less than 17% by volume within 2 minutes at the beginning of the test.
5.3.6.3 Carbon dioxide content
After pretreatment in accordance with the provisions of 6.5 and 6.8.1 in order of mechanical properties and temperature and humidity, the test shall be carried out in accordance with the method specified in 6.7.
The carbon dioxide content should not be greater than 3% by volume.
5.3.6.4 Inhaled gas temperature
After pretreatment in accordance with the provisions of 6.5 and 6.8.1 in order of mechanical properties and temperature and humidity, check according to the method specified in 6.7.
The temperature should not be higher than 60 ° C.
5.3.6.5 Respiratory resistance
After pretreatment in accordance with the provisions of 6.5 and 6.8.1 in order of mechanical properties and temperature and humidity, the test shall be performed in accordance with the methods specified in 6.7.
More than 1kPa, the expiratory resistance is not more than 1.2kPa, and the sum of the two is not more than 1.8kPa.
5.3.7 Temperature adaptability
According to the methods specified in 6.8.2 and 6.8.3, the respirator should work without failure under the specified conditions (low temperature, high temperature), and at the same time
Meet the requirements of rated protection time, oxygen content, carbon dioxide content and respiratory resistance.
5.3.8 Practical Performance
According to the methods of 6.8.4 and 6.14, under the conditions of simulated use, the performance that is difficult to evaluate in other test methods, such as 5.1, 5.2.1,
5.3.1, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.4, 5.4.5, 5.4.8.1, 5.4.10, 5.4.11.1, 5.4.11.3, 5.4.11.4, 5.4.11.5. Subjective
Evaluation.
During the test, the respirator should not show intolerance by the wearer, other task failures caused by factors such as design, materials, parts, etc.
Happening. If the respirator fails the test, the laboratory should describe the test method in detail so that other laboratories can repeat the test process.
5.3.9 Special requirements for D-type respirators
5.3.9.1 Air tightness
When performing the air tightness test of the high and medium pressure system according to the method specified in 6.4.3, the D-type respirator should meet the requirement of no air leakage within 2 minutes.
5.3.9.2 Gas supply
According to the method of 6.8 in GB 23394-2009, the oxygen supply of D-type respirator should meet the following requirements according to its air supply method.
a) Quantitative oxygen supply. The quantitative oxygen supply should not be less than 4.0L/min;
b) Auto-supply oxygen supply. The opening pressure of the auto-supply valve is not less than.200Pa; when the cylinder pressure is above 1MPa, the oxygen supply should
Less than 80L/min;
c) Manual supply oxygen supply. when the cylinder pressure is 5% ~ 100% of the rated working pressure, the quantitative oxygen supply is not less than 1.2L/min;
The opening pressure of the dynamic supply valve is not less than.200Pa; after the automatic supply valve is opened, when the cylinder pressure is above 1MPa, the oxygen supply should not
Less than 80L/min.
5.3.9.3 Cleaning and disinfection
The materials used in the respirator should be resistant to the cleaning and disinfecting agents recommended by the manufacturer.
Obvious damage was evaluated in 6.14.
5.4 Main component requirements
5.4.1 Mouthpiece components
The mouthpiece components shall meet the following requirements, be inspected in accordance with the methods specified in 6.2, and evaluated in 6.14.
a) Mouthpiece components should be equipped with mouthpieces (upper and lower teeth) and non-removable nose clips;
b) The mouthpiece assembly should ensure a reliable seal in use and not accidentally block the breathing circuit;
c) The mouthpiece assembly should be equipped with an adjustable or self-adjusting headband to facilitate auxiliary adjustment when the load on the wearer's mouth is excessive;
d) The nose clip should ensure that the nose is sealed, not easy to fall off, and form a soft connection with the mouthpiece components; when wearing the mouthpiece components,
Notice the nose clip naturally.
5.4.2 Full face mask
Full face masks should meet the following requirements.
a) The full-face mask should be equipped with an adjustable or self-adjusting headband.The headband design should be easy to wear and remove; the headband should be able to withstand normal wear.
The tensile direction of 150N is 10s without breaking, and the test is performed according to the provisions of 6.13 in GB 2890-2009.
b) The leakage rate of the full face mask should not be greater than 0.05% .The test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of 6.6 in GB 2890-2009.
Leak rate.
c) The full-face lens should be installed on the mask in an air-tight manner.The lens should ensure that the vision is true and distortion-free, with certain anti-fog measures.
The method specified in 6.2 is checked and evaluated in 6.14.
d) The full face lens should be able to withstand the impact of a 22mm diameter, 45g steel ball falling freely at a height of 1.3m, and meet airtightness
Sexual requirements. The test should be conducted in accordance with GB/T 32166.2-2015; the light transmittance of the full-face lens should not be less than 85%.
The inspection shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 2410-2008.
5.4.3 Goggles
If the respirator is equipped with goggles, they need to be used together.The goggles should meet the following requirements.
a) Goggle lenses should be anti-fog and evaluated in accordance with 6.14;
b) The headband of the goggles should be soft enough to be easily adjusted or self-adjusting, and checked in accordance with the method specified in 6.2;
c) The goggles should be connected with the respirator to avoid loss after the respirator's carrying device is opened.The goggles should not affect the respirator
Wear, check according to the method specified in 6.2, and evaluate in 6.14;
d) The goggles should be subjected to the same impact tests as full-face lenses, and should not be damaged in any way to cause them to fail, or be worn.
Cause harm. The test method is conducted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 32166.2-2015.
5.4.4 Connections
Respirator connections shall meet the following requirements, be inspected in accordance with the methods specified in 6.2, and evaluated in 6.14.
a) The design or structure of the respirator should make the connecting parts easy to remove for cleaning, inspection and testing;
b) Detachable connectors shall be easy to connect and tighten by hand, and inspected in accordance with the methods specified in 6.2;
c) the parts used for sealing in the connector shall not fall off and shift;
d) Withstand 50N axial tensile force, duration is 10s, there should be no deformation at the connection, and the function is normal. The test is in accordance with GB 2890-2009
6.13.
e) High, medium and low voltage connections shall not be interchangeable.
5.4.5 Carrying gear
If the respirator is equipped with a harness, check it according to the method specified in 6.2 and evaluate it in 6.14.The inhaler harness should meet the following requirements;
a) The harness should enable the wearer to quickly and easily wear and remove the respirator without assistance;
b) The respirator should be equipped with a harness or other form of support to ensure that the wearer can move his hands freely during normal work.
5.4.6 Initial oxygen generator
The initial oxygen generator (if equipped) of the respirator should meet the requirements of AQ1057-2008.
5.4.7 Intake and exhalation valves
Respirator suction and exhalation valves should meet the following requirements.
a) The valve should be able to work normally when in any direction, and check in accordance with the method specified in 6.2;
b) The valve should be easy to maintain, and at the same time it will not be replaced by mistake.Check in accordance with the method specified in 6.2;
c) The suction valve and exhalation valve should have reverse airtightness, and the reverse leakage volume should not be greater than 0.3L/min, according to the method specified in 6.9
Detection;
d) The manufacturer shall be allowed to adopt the same design for the suction valve and exhalation valve components, sub-assemblies and components, according to the method specified in 6.2
an examination;
e) If the manufacturer provides clear instructions, the suction and exhalation valves can also have different designs, and illustrations (photos, pictures
(Paper) explain how to assemble correctly, check according to the method specified in 6.2;
f) All parts should be clearly described and marked so that they can be assembled correctly. The manufacturer shall provide methods to check whether the assembly is correct,
Check in accordance with the method specified in 6.2.
5.4.8 Vent valve
5.4.8.1 General requirements
The ventilator exhaust valve should meet the following requirements, check in accordance with the method specified in 6.2, and evaluate in 6.14.
a) If the respirator is equipped with an exhaust valve, the valve shall work normally in any direction and shall prevent pollution and mechanical damage;
b) The manufacturer shall provide a method for plugging the exhaust valve so that the entire machine can be tested for air tightness.
5.4.8.2 opening pressure
The opening pressure of the exhaust valve should be 100Pa ~ 500Pa. When the exhaust valve is placed in the breathing circuit
The pressure difference between the air valve and the breathing airbag should not be greater than the opening pressure of the exhaust valve, and the detection should be performed according to the method specified in 6.10.
5.4.8.3 Combining Strength
The exhaust valve housing and its connecting parts shall be able to withstand an axial force of 50 N for 10 s, according to the method specified in 6.11
Detection.
5.4.8.4 Reverse airtightness
When the exhaust valve is subjected to a pressure of 1kPa in the reverse direction, the pressure drop within 1min does not exceed 100Pa, and the method shall be carried out in accordance with 6.12.
Detection.
5.4.9 Airbag
The volume of the breathing airbag should be at least 5L. Respirators equipped with breathing airbags or other protective measures should be able to withstand possible exposure to
The use environment is tested in accordance with the method specified in 6.13.
5.4.10 Hoses
Breathing hoses (if equipped) should be soft, squeezed or twisted without affecting breathing or affecting head movements.Check in accordance with 6.2, and
Evaluated in 6.14.
5.4.11 Special requirements for D-type components
5.4.11.1 High and medium voltage components
High and medium voltage components are evaluated in 6.14 and the following conditions should be met.
a) Metal high-pressure parts should be able to withstand 1.5 times the rated working pressure for 1 min without obvious deformation and leakage;
b) Non-metallic parts should be able to withstand 2 times the rated working pressure for 5 minutes without obvious deformation and leakage;
c) All medium-voltage components should be able to withstand 2 times the rated working pressure for 15 minutes without obvious deformation and leakage.
5.4.11.2 Gas cylinder
Steel gas cylinders shall meet the requirements of GB/T 5099-1994; composite gas cylinders shall meet the requirements of GB/T 28053-2011.
5.4.11.3 Gas cylinder valve
Gas cylinder valve design should ensure safety performance, easy to open manually or automatically, and should not be closed accidentally after opening. Gas cylinder valve handwheel normal operation
At this time, the valve core should not be completely turned down from the valve body, inspected according to the method specified in 6.2, and evaluated in 6.14.
5.4.11.4 Pressure reducer
Any adjustable medium-pressure parts on the pressure reducer should be firmly locked with sealing measures to observe abnormal use operations.
The method is checked and evaluated in 6.14.
5.4.11.5 Pressure gauge
The pressure gauge shall meet the following requirements, be inspected according to the method specified in 6.2, and evaluated in 6.14.
a) The respirator s...
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