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GB/T 7698-2014: Sodium hydroxide for industrial use -- Determination of carbonates content -- Titrimetric method Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB/T 7698: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB/T 7698-2014: Sodium hydroxide for industrial use -- Determination of carbonates content -- Titrimetric method---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT7698-2014 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 71.060.40 G 11 Replacing GB/T 7698-2003 Sodium hydroxide for industrial use - Determination of carbonates content - Titrimetric method [ISO 3196:1975(2011), MOD] ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 3, 2014 IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 1, 2015 Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of PRC; Standardization Administration of PRC. Table of ContentsForeword ... 3 1 Scope ... 6 2 Normative references ... 6 3 Principles ... 7 4 Reagents and materials ... 7 5 Instruments ... 8 6 Pre-test ... 8 7 Analysis steps ... 9 8 Calculation of results ... 10 9 Allowable differences ... 11 10 Special cases ... 11 11 Test report ... 12 Appendix A (Informative) Comparison list of clause numbers of this standard and ISO 3196:1975(2011) ... 13 Appendix B (Informative) Preparation of barium hydroxide clarification solution ... 15 Appendix C (Informative) Preparation of lead acetate test paper ... 16 Sodium hydroxide for industrial use - Determination of carbonates content - Titrimetric method1 ScopeThis standard specifies the method for the determination of carbonate content in sodium hydroxide for industrial use. This standard applies to products with a mass fraction of carbonate (expressed as Na2CO3) greater than or equal to 0.02%. Through the pre-test, the samples are divided into three categories: a) Samples free of sulfides and chlorates. b) Samples containing sulfides. This standard applies to products with a mass fraction of sulfide (expressed as Na2S) less than 0.1%. c) Samples containing chlorates. This standard applies to products with a mass fraction of chlorate (expressed as NaClO3) less than 0.2%. Due to the presence of interfering components in samples of types b) and c), the analysis steps are modified appropriately (see Chapter 10).2 Normative referencesThe following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this standard. GB/T 601 Chemical reagent - Preparations of reference titration solutions GB/T 603 Chemical reagent - Preparations of reagent solutions for use in test methods (GB/T 603-2002, ISO 6353-1:1982, NEQ) GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696:1987, MOD) GB/T 29643 Sodium hydroxide for industrial use - Laboratory sample - Preparation of the main solution for carrying out certain determinations [GB/T 29643-2013, ISO 3195:1975(2002), NEQ]3 PrinciplesThe sample is acidified and heated to release carbon dioxide, and introduced into excess barium hydroxide solution for absorption; with thymolphthalein as indicator solution, the remaining barium hydroxide is titrated with hydrochloric acid standard titration solution until the solution changes from blue to colorless as the end point.4 Reagents and materials4.1 General rules: Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and water used in this method refer to analytical reagents or above, and the third-grade water (free of carbon dioxide) specified in GB/T 6682 or water of equivalent purity. The standard titration solutions, preparations, and products required in the test shall be prepared according to the provisions of GB/T 601 and GB/T 603 unless otherwise specified. 4.2 Hydrogen peroxide. 4.3 Hydrochloric acid solution: 6 mol/L. 4.4 Ferrous sulfate solution: 280 g/L. Weigh 28 g of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4 • 7H2O) (accurate to 0.01 g), dissolve it in an appropriate amount of water, add 4 drops of hydrochloric acid solution (see 4.3), dilute the solution to 100 mL, and shake well. When hydrolysis occurs, the solution shall be reconstituted. 4.5 Sodium hydroxide solution: 200 g/L. 4.6 Saturated solution of barium hydroxide. 4.7 Barium hydroxide solution: 0.05 mol/L. Weigh 15.0 g of barium hydroxide [Ba(OH)2 • 8H2O] (accurate to 0.01 g), dissolve it in an appropriate amount of water, transfer the solution to a 1000 mL volumetric flask, dilute the solution with water to the mark, and shake well. Remove the barium carbonate precipitate before use (see Appendix B). 4.8 Hydrochloric acid standard titration solution: c(HCl)=0.1 mol/L. 4.9 Methyl orange indicator solution: 0.5 g/L. 4.10 Thymolphthalein indicator solution: 5 g/L. 4.11 Lead acetate test paper (see Appendix C). 4.12 Nitrogen or air, free of carbon dioxide.5 Instruments5.1 Ordinary laboratory equipment. 5.2 Flat-bottom (or round-bottom) two-necked flask: 500 mL. 5.3 Separating funnel: 100 mL. 5.4 Gas-washing bottle: It contains sodium hydroxide solution (4.5). 5.5 Gas-washing bottle: It contains saturated barium hydroxide solution (4.6). 5.6 Spiral condenser. 5.7 Absorption vessel. 5.8 Absorption coil: at least 700 mm in length. 5.9 Burette: 50 mL, graduated in 0.1 mL, grade A.6 Pre-test6.1 Principle After an acidified sample containing methyl orange indicator solution is boiled, the lead acetate test paper strip is put into the steam; the test paper turns black to indicate the presence of sulfide, and the decolorization of methyl orange indicates the presence of chlorate. 6.2 Pre-test steps Weigh about 20 g of solid or liquid sample, place it in a 300 mL conical flask, and add 150 mL of water and 3 drops of methyl orange indicator solution; neutralize the solution with a the hydrochloric acid solution, and add an excess of about 5 mL. Put one end of the lead acetate test paper strip on the inside of the conical flask, and the other end on the outside of the neck of the bottle. Boil the solution for 5 min, and determine the analysis steps according to the appearance listed in Table 1. Description: A -- flat-bottomed (or round-bottomed) two-necked flask; B -- separating funnel; C1, C2, C3 -- gas-washing bottle; D -- spiral condenser; E -- absorption vessel; F -- absorption coil; G -- burette; H -- V-shape hole stopcock; I, J -- inlet and outlet for nitrogen or air. Figure 1 -- Schematic diagram of the carbonate determination device 7.3.2 Introduce carbon dioxide-free nitrogen or air into the device at a rate of about 5 bubbles per second for 10 minutes. 7.3.3 Stop the gas flow, and respectively: a) add the sample to the two-necked flask (A), then add 150 mL of water and 3 drops of methyl orange indicator solution; b) add about 90 mL of hydrochloric acid solution into the separating funnel (B); c) add 50.00 mL of barium hydroxide solution and 3 drops of thymolphthalein indicator solution to the absorption vessel (E). 7.3.4 Reassemble the instrument according to Figure 1 to make it airtight. Start the flow of water through the spiral condenser (D), slowly add the hydrochloric acid solution in the separating funnel (B) into the two-necked flask (A), neutralize until the solution turns red, and add an excess of about 5 mL. 7.3.5 Introduce the gas at a rate of about 2 bubbles per second for 10 minutes, then heat the solution in the two-necked flask (A) while keeping the flow of the gas. After the solution boils, maintain a slight boil for 20 minutes. Stop heating, increase the gas velocity to about 5 bubbles per second, and titrate the remaining barium hydroxide solution in the absorption vessel (E) with the hydrochloric acid standard titration solution in burette (G) until the solution changes from blue to colorless as the end point.8 Calculation of resultsCarbonate content is expressed as the mass fraction w of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and the value is expressed in %, calculated according to formula (1): Carry out according to the provisions of 7.3, and make the following modifications: a) in 7.3.3: add the sample to the two-necked flask (A), then add 150 mL of water and 5 drops of hydrogen peroxide; b) in 7.3.4: before adding the hydrochloric acid solution to the two-necked flask (A), boil the solution in the two-necked flask (A) for 5 min under the flow of the gas, cool and add 3 drops of methyl orange indicator solution. 10.2 Samples containing chlorates 10.2.1 Principle The sample is pre-reduced to chloride with ferrous sulfate, then acidified and heated to release carbon dioxide, which is introduced into excess barium hydroxide solution for absorption; with thymolphthalein as indicator solution, the remaining barium hydroxide is titrated with hydrochloric acid standard titration solution until the solution changes from blue to colorless as the end point. 10.2.2 Analysis steps Carry out according to the provisions of 7.3, and make the following modifications: in 7.3.3, add the sample to the two-necked flask (A), then add 150 mL of water, 3 drops of methyl orange indicator solution and 3 mL of ferrous sulfate solution, and shake well.11 Test reportThe test report shall include the following: a) all information necessary to identify the sample being tested; b) the standards used; c) test results, including individual test results and their arithmetic mean; d) deviations from specified analysis steps; e) abnormal phenomena observed in the test; f) the test date. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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