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GB/T 43540-2023: Decommissioning technical requirements of lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid
Similar standardsGB/T 43540-2023: Decommissioning technical requirements of lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT43540-2023 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 27.180 CCS F 19 Decommissioning Technical Requirements of Lithium Ion Battery for Electrical Energy Storage ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 28, 2023 IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2024 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 Scope... 4 2 Normative References... 4 3 Terms and Definitions... 4 4 General Requirements... 5 5 Technical Requirements for Decommissioning... 5 6 Decommissioning Determination Method... 7 Appendix A (informative) Lithium Ion Battery Status Quantities and Alarm Data Table ... 12 Appendix B (informative) Lithium Ion Battery Electrical Properties Data Record Table ... 141 ScopeThis document specifies the decommissioning technical requirements of lithium ion battery for electrical energy storage (referred to as “lithium ion battery”), including appearance, safety, electrical properties and economical efficiency, etc., and describes the corresponding decommissioning determination method. This document applies to the determination of the decommissioning of lithium ion battery used for electrical energy storage.2 Normative ReferencesThe contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB/T 36276 Lithium Ion Battery for Electrical Energy Storage GB/T 36548 Test Code for Electrochemical Energy Storage Station Connected to Power Grid DL/T 2528 Basic Terminology of Electrical Energy Storage3 Terms and DefinitionsThe terms and definitions defined in DL/T 2528 and the following are applicable to this document. 3.1 parameters of battery state Parameter values that directly or indirectly reflect various states, such as. battery performance and service life, etc. 3.2 family defect A defect caused by common factors, such as. design, materials, and processes, etc. during the production and manufacturing of lithium ion battery.4 General Requirements4.1 The decommissioning of lithium ion battery shall be based on the decommissioning requirements of the energy storage battery and the equipment status reflected in the operation and maintenance and overhauling data to carry out a comprehensive determination of the battery’s appearance, safety, electrical properties and economical efficiency, etc. 4.2 The decommissioning determination of lithium ion battery can be carried out through the modes of data analysis, on-site inspection and tests, etc. 4.3 When lithium ion battery cannot meet the technical indicators of operation or safety requirements, and the cost of transformation or the economical efficiency of overhauling and maintenance technology is unreasonable, it shall be decommissioned.5 Technical Requirements for Decommissioning5.1 Appearance 5.1.1 When lithium ion battery cells, modules and battery clusters have appearance defects that may affect their use, such as. obvious deformation, cracking, liquid leakage, pressure relief valve damage, breakdown or flashover marks, etc., they shall be decommissioned. 5.1.2 When the electrical connections of lithium ion battery cells, modules and battery clusters have appearance defects, such as. damage, corrosion, looseness and falling-off, and cannot be repaired, they shall be decommissioned. 5.2 Safety 5.2.1 Safety incidents 5.2.1.1 When lithium ion battery manifests thermal runaway or thermal diffusion, and expansion, liquid leakage, gas leakage, fire, explosion, breakdown or flashover occurs, it shall be decommissioned. 5.2.1.2 When lithium ion battery is improperly operated during commissioning, overhauling, operation and maintenance, resulting in safety incidents, such as. over-charging, over- discharging, overloading and external short circuit, etc., and the safety evaluation shows that the battery does not meet the requirements, it shall be decommissioned. 5.2.2 Potential safety hazards 5.2.2.1 If the lithium ion battery management system frequently displays alarm information on battery status, such as. voltage, voltage range, current, temperature, temperature range, insulation resistance, and inter-cluster circulation, etc., and cannot be repaired after maintenance or overhauling, it shall be decommissioned. 5.2.2.2 If the status evaluation of lithium ion battery shows that it has deterioration trends, such as. abnormal energy and accelerated attenuation, it shall be decommissioned. 5.2.3 Insulation performance If the ratio of the insulation resistance between the positive electrode of the lithium ion battery modules or battery clusters and the external exposed conductive part, or between the negative electrode of the battery modules or battery clusters and the external exposed conductive part to the nominal voltage is less than 1,000 /V and cannot be repaired, the battery shall be decommissioned. 5.2.4 Combustible gases and smoke If lithium ion battery releases smoke or flammable gases, the corresponding battery shall be decommissioned. 5.2.5 Voltage resistance In accordance with the provisions of GB/T 36276, the corresponding voltage shall be applied between the positive electrode of the battery modules or battery clusters and the external exposed conductive part, or between the negative electrode of the battery modules or battery clusters and the external exposed conductive part. If breakdown or flashover occurs, or the DC voltage resistance leakage current is greater than 10mA, and cannot be repaired, the battery shall be decommissioned. 5.3 Electrical Properties 5.3.1 Charge and discharge energy When the charge and discharge energy of the lithium ion battery is less than the rated value, an economic evaluation shall be combined to determine whether it shall be decommissioned. 5.3.2 Energy efficiency When the energy efficiency of the lithium ion battery is lower than the design value of the power station, an economic evaluation shall be combined to determine whether it shall be decommissioned. 5.4 Economical Efficiency 5.4.1 If the charge and discharge energy or energy efficiency of the lithium ion battery cannot meet the expected use demands of the power station, and it is evaluated that the power station does not have space for expansion, or the expected use demands of the power station still cannot be met after expansion, or the cost of battery expansion is greater than the expected benefits, the battery shall be decommissioned. 5.4.2 When the cost of maintenance, overhauling and replacement of the lithium ion battery seriously affects the expected benefits, it shall be decommissioned.6 Decommissioning Determination Method6.1 Appearance The appearance inspection and determination of the lithium ion battery and its electrical connections shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) Review the inspection records of the appearance of lithium ion battery cells, battery modules and battery clusters, etc. during daily routine inspections, overhauling and maintenance. 6.2 Safety 6.2.1 Safety incidents The determination of safety incidents of the lithium ion battery is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) Review the maintenance records, routine inspection records, abnormality and fault records, overhauling test reports and other materials of the energy storage station to evaluate whether a safety incident has occurred in the lithium ion battery; b) Conduct on-site review of the safety incidents of the lithium ion battery. 6.2.2 Potential safety risks 6.2.2.1 During daily routine inspection and maintenance, after the battery management system is found to have an alarm that may affect the operation safety of the lithium ion battery, the following steps shall be followed. a) Through the battery management system or monitoring system, obtain battery status quantities and alarm data, such as. lithium ion battery voltage, voltage range, current, temperature, temperature range, insulation resistance, inter-cluster circulation, etc. for analysis and evaluation. The table of battery status quantities and alarm data is shown in Table A.1 of Appendix A; b) Perform overhauling or maintenance on the lithium ion battery that is in abnormal condition. 6.2.2.2 For lithium ion batteries that have deterioration trends, such as. abnormal energy and accelerated attenuation found based on operation and maintenance data, in accordance with 5.2.2.2, the determination of decommissioning shall be carried out. 6.2.3 Insulation performance The insulation performance test of lithium ion battery modules and battery clusters is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) In accordance with the provisions of GB/T 36276, complete the charge and discharge test of battery modules and battery clusters; b) The positive electrode of the battery modules and battery clusters and the external exposed conductive part are connected to the insulation test device. Turn off the insulation resistance monitoring function of the battery modules and battery clusters; c) In accordance with the insulation performance test specified in GB/T 36276, set the test voltage parameters, for a duration of 1 minute, record the insulation resistance between the positive electrode and the external exposed conductive part, and the test voltage, and disconnect the insulation voltage resistance test device from the battery clusters; d) The negative electrode of the battery clusters and the external exposed conductive part are connected to the insulation test device. 6.2.4 Combustible gases and smoke The determination of combustible gases and smoke from the lithium ion battery is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) By performing daily routine inspections, checking surveillance videos and reviewing alarm records of the fire warning system, obtain information on flammable gases and smoke; b) Conduct on-site review of combustible gases and smoke to check whether it is a false alarm. 6.2.5 Voltage resistance The voltage resistance test of the lithium ion battery modules and battery clusters is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) The test method for the voltage resistance of battery modules and battery clusters shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 36276; b) In accordance with 5.2.5, determine the decommissioning based on the voltage resistance test results of the battery modules and battery clusters. 6.2.6 Service life The design service life of the lithium ion battery is determined in accordance with the following steps. a) Through historical operation data, obtain the number of cycles and calendar life; b) Convert it into the cycle life under full charge and discharge conditions; c) Determine whether the lithium ion battery has reached its design cycle life or calendar life. 6.3 Electrical Properties 6.3.1 Charge and discharge energy The determination of charge and discharge energy of the lithium ion battery is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) Select the average value of the charge and discharge energy of three complete charge and discharge processes collected by the battery management system at the rated charge and discharge power in the operation record, or in accordance with the test method for rated energy in GB/T 36548, perform charge and discharge tests and calculations. The format of the record table is shown in Table B.1 of Appendix B; b) In accordance with 5.3.1 and 5.4.1, determine the decommissioning of the lithium ion battery based on the charge and discharge energy evaluation results. 6.3.2 Energy efficiency The determination of energy efficiency of the lithium ion battery is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) In accordance with the method of rated energy conversion efficiency in GB/T 36548, carry out test and calculation; b) Compare with the design energy efficiency of the power station. The format of the record table is shown in Table B.1. 6.4 Economical Efficiency The determination of economic efficiency of the lithium ion battery is carried out in accordance with the following steps. a) When the charge and discharge energy or energy efficiency is lower than the rated value, it can be judged that it cannot satisfy the expected use demands of the energy storage station; b) Calculate the quantity of lithium ion batteries that need to be supplemented and the space required to satisfy the expected use demands for energy storage stations, and compare them with the available expansion space of the power station. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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