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GB/T 39715.1-2021 PDF English

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GB/T 39715.1-2021: Plastics - Biobased content - Part 1: General principles
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GB/T 39715.1-2021: Plastics - Biobased content - Part 1: General principles

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NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 83.080.01 CCS G 31 GB/T 39715.1-2021 / ISO 16620-1:2015 Plastics - Biobased content - Part 1: General principles (ISO 16620-1:2015, IDT) ISSUED ON: AUGUST 20, 2021 IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2022 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.

Table of Contents

Foreword ... 3 Introduction ... 4 1 Scope ... 5 2 Normative references ... 5 3 Terms, definitions and symbols ... 5 4 Principle ... 7 5 Calculation method of biobased content ... 10 Annex A (informative) Calculation examples for biobased carbon content ... 14 Annex B (informative) Calculation examples for biobased synthetic polymer content and biobased mass content ... 15 Bibliography... 17 Plastics - Biobased content - Part 1: General principles

1 Scope

This Standard specifies general principles and calculation methods for the determination of biobased content in plastic products. This calculation is based on the mass of carbon or the mass of each component in the plastic product. This Standard applies to plastic products, plastic materials, polymer resins, monomers or additives made from biobased and/or fossil-based components. Determining the biobased content of plastic products can help assess their environmental impact.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 472, Plastics - Vocabulary ISO 16620-2, Plastics - Biobased content- Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content ISO 16620-3, Plastics - Biobased content - Part 3: Determination of biobased synthetic polymer content ISO 16620-4, Plastics - Biobased content - Part 4: Determination of biobased mass content

3 Terms, definitions and symbols

3.1 Terms and definitions The terms and definitions defined in ISO 472 and the following ones apply to this document. 3.1.1 biobased carbon content the carbon content of the product derived from biomass NOTE: The content of biobased carbon is expressed by the mass percentage of the specimen, such as the percentage of total carbon content, or the percentage of total organic carbon content. 3.1.2 biomass materials of biological origin, excluding mineral and/or fossil materials 3.1.3 synthetic polymer polymers obtained by chemical and/or bioindustrial processes 3.1.4 biobased synthetic polymer polymers obtained by chemical and/or bioindustrial processes, the raw materials of which are wholly or partly derived from biomass NOTE: Natural polymers (see 3.1.7) are not biobased synthetic polymers. 3.1.5 biobased synthetic polymer content; mBSP the content of biobased synthetic polymers in the product NOTE: The content of biobased synthetic polymer in the product is expressed as the percentage or fraction of the mass of biobased synthetic polymer and the total mass of the product. 3.1.6 carbon content carbon content in a component, material or product, expressed as a mass percent 3.1.7 natural polymer a polymer obtained from biomass, where the polymer retains the original chemical structure and components in the biomass Example: Starch, cellulose, lignin or lignocellulose. 3.1.8 product a resin, material, article or article resulting from a manufacturing process NOTE: Products can be materials, semi-finished products or final products, such as polyethylene resins obtained from petroleum or biomass, biobased PE films, PET resins, PET bottles, monomers and plasticizers. 3.1.9 total carbon; TC the total amount of carbon present in the specimen in the form of organic carbon, inorganic carbon and elemental carbon 3.1.10 total organic carbon; TOC the amount of carbon converted to carbon dioxide by combustion, excluding the amount of carbon released by acid treatment 3.1.11 biobased mass content; mB the total amount of biobased synthetic polymers, natural polymers, and biobased additives in the product NOTE: The total content of biobased substances in the product is expressed in terms of the mass percentage or fraction of biobased synthetic polymers, natural polymers and biobased additives relative to the total mass of the product. 3.2 Symbols : The percentage of biobased carbon content relative to the total carbon content. : The percentage of biobased carbon content relative to the total organic carbon content. Mx - The carbon mass of component x. Wx - The mass of component x.

4 Principle

As shown in Figure 1a), plastic products usually contain the following six categories of components: a) Biobased synthetic polymers (component A) and fossil-based synthetic polymers (component B); b) Natural polymer (component C); c) Biobased additives (organic and/or inorganic) (component D), fossil-based organic additives (component E) and inorganic additives (component F). In ISO 16620, additives also include fillers. The biobased content of plastic products can be divided into the following categories: 1) Biobased carbon content [see Figure 1 b1), Figure 1 b2), see 5.1 for the calculation method]. The biobased carbon content in Part 2 of ISO 16620 can be expressed as the mass percentage of biobased carbon relative to total organic carbon , or the mass percentage of biobased carbon relative to total carbon ratio . In plastic products, inorganic compounds such as calcium carbonate are added for D - Biobased additive (organic and inorganic); E - Fossil-based additive; F - Non-biobased inorganic additive; M1 - Biobased carbon; M2 - Fossil-based carbon; M3 - Inorganic carbon; W1 - Biobased synthetic polymer; W2 - Biobased part of biobased synthetic polymer; W3 - Biobased component; W4 - Biobased part of biobased component. Figure 1 -- Biobased content of plastic products (continued)

5 Calculation method of biobased content

5.1 Biobased carbon content - and 5.1.1 Biobased carbon content relative to total organic carbon 5.1.1.1 When biobased components in the product are completely biobased The biobased carbon content, that is, the amount of carbon from biomass sources [see Figure 1 b1)], expressed as a percentage relative to total organic carbon, is calculated via formula (1). Where, MA, MB, MC, MD, ME - Carbon mass of components A, B, C, D and E. The carbon mass in the inorganic additive MF is not considered in formula (1). ISO 16620-2 gives a method for determining the biobased carbon content of products whose biobased components are derived entirely from biomass. 5.1.1.2 When biobased components in the product are partially biobased If biobased synthetic polymers and/or biobased additives are partially biobased [see Figure 1 b2)], the biobased carbon content (as a percentage of total organic carbon) is calculated via formula (2). Where, MA1, MD1 - Biobased carbon mass in components A and D; MA, MB, MC, MD, ME - Carbon mass of components A, B, C, D and E. ISO 16620-2 gives a method for determining the biobased carbon content of products whose biobased components are derived in part from biomass. See Annex A for calculation examples. 5.1.2 Biobased carbon content relative to total carbon 5.1.2.1 When biobased components in the product are completely biobased The biobased carbon content, that is, the amount of carbon from biomass sources [see Figure 1 b1)], expressed as a percentage relative to the total carbon, is calculated via formula (3). Where, MA, MB, MC, MD, ME, MF - Carbon mass of components A, B, C, D, E and F. ISO 16620-2 gives a method for determining the biobased carbon content of products whose biobased components are derived entirely from biomass. 5.1.2.2 When biobased components in the product are partially biobased If the biobased synthetic polymer and/or biobased additive are partially biobased [Figure 1 b2)], the biobased carbon content (as a percentage relative to the total carbon) shall be calculated via the formula (4). Where, MA1, MD1 - Biobased carbon mass in components A and D; MA, MB, MC, MD, ME, MF - Carbon mass of components A, B, C, D, E and F. ISO 16620-2 gives a method for the determination of biobased carbon content. See Annex A for calculation examples. 5.3.1 When biobased components in the product are completely biobased The biobased mass content in plastic products is expressed as a percentage relative to the total mass of the product, calculated via formula (7) [see Figure 1 d1)]. Where, WA, WB, WC, WD, WE, WF - Mass of components A, B, C, D, E and F. See Annex B for calculation examples. 5.3.2 When biobased components in the product are partially biobased If biobased synthetic polymers and biobased additives are partially biobased [see Figure 1 d2)], the biobased mass content of the plastic product (as a percentage relative to the total mass of the product) is calculated via formula (8). Where, WA1, WD1 - Biobased mass in components A and D; WA, WB, WC, WD, WE, WF - Mass of components A, B, C, D, E and F. See Annex B for calculation examples. There is still no experimental method for determining the biobased mass content. However, based on the biobased carbon content and structural formula/mass composition, the biobased synthetic polymer content, biobased additive content and total biobased mass content can be calculated. ISO 16620-4 gives a method for the determination of biobased mass content in products. ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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