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GB/T 29551-2023: Laminated solar photovoltaic (PV) glass in building Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB/T 29551: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB/T 29551-2023: Laminated solar photovoltaic (PV) glass in building---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT29551-2023GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 81.040.20 CCS Q 33 Replacing GB/T 29551-2013 Laminated solar photovoltaic (PV) glass in building ISSUED ON: MARCH 17, 2023 IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2023 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; National Standardization Administration. Table of ContentsForeword ... 4 1 Scope ... 6 2 Normative references ... 6 3 Terms and definitions ... 7 4 Materials ... 8 4.1 Glass ... 8 4.2 Photovoltaic cells ... 8 4.3 Intermediate layer ... 8 4.4 Busbar ... 8 4.5 Insulating tape ... 8 4.6 Termination ... 9 4.7 Edge sealing agent ... 9 5 Technical requirements ... 9 5.1 General... 9 5.2 Appearance quality ... 10 5.3 Dimensional tolerance ... 15 5.4 Curvature... 16 5.5 Insulation... 16 5.6 Wet leakage current ... 17 5.7 Outdoor exposure performance ... 17 5.8 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation resistance ... 17 5.9 Heat cycle resistance ... 17 5.10 Humidity and frost resistance ... 17 5.11 Damp heat resistance ... 17 5.12 Bypass diode performance ... 17 5.13 Hot spot durability ... 17 5.14 Termination stress performance ... 18 5.15 Static mechanical load resistance ... 18 5.16 Cyclic (dynamic) mechanical load resistance ... 18 5.17 Wind pressure resistance ... 18 5.18 Hail resistance ... 18 5.19 Heat resistance ... 18 5.20 Drop ball impact peeling resistance ... 18 5.21 Shotgun bag impact resistance ... 18 6 Test methods ... 19 6.1 Test process ... 19 6.2 General test ... 21 6.3 Appearance quality ... 22 6.4 Dimensional tolerance ... 22 6.5 Curvature... 22 6.6 Insulation... 23 6.7 Wet leakage current ... 23 6.8 Outdoor exposure performance ... 23 6.9 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation resistance ... 24 6.10 Heat cycle resistance ... 24 6.11 Wet frost resistance ... 24 6.12 Damp heat resistance ... 24 6.13 Bypass diode performance ... 24 6.14 Hot spot durability ... 24 6.15 Termination stress performance ... 24 6.16 Static mechanical load resistance ... 24 6.17 Cyclic (dynamic) mechanical load resistance ... 24 6.18 Wind pressure resistance ... 25 6.19 Hail resistance ... 25 6.20 Heat resistance ... 25 6.21 Ball impact peeling resistance ... 25 6.22 Shotgun bag impact resistance ... 27 7 Inspection rules ... 28 7.1 Inspection classification ... 28 7.2 Group-batching and sampling ... 28 7.3 Judgment rules ... 29 8 Packaging, labeling and marking, transportation and storage ... 31 8.1 Packaging ... 31 8.2 Labels and markings ... 31 8.3 Transportation ... 32 8.4 Storage ... 32 Laminated solar photovoltaic (PV) glass in building1 ScopeThis document specifies the materials, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, labeling and marking, transportation and storage of laminated solar photovoltaic glass for buildings. This document applies to laminated solar photovoltaic glass for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV).2 Normative referencesThe contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, for reference documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates apply to this document; for reference documents without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) apply to this document. GB/T 1216 External micrometer GB/T 9056 Metal ruler GB 11614 Flat glass GB 15763.1 Safety glazing materials in building -- Part 1: Fire-resistant glass GB 15763.2 Safety glazing materials in building -- Part 2: Tempered glass GB 15763.3 Safety glazing materials in building -- Part 3: Laminated glass GB 15763.4 Safety glazing materials in building -- Part 4: Heat soaked thermally tempered glass GB/T 17841 Heat strengthened glass GB/T 21389 Vernier, dial and digital display calipers GB/T 34328 Light weight thermally strengthened glass GB/T 37825 Test method for simulating wind pressure resistance of building glass under the uniform static loads4 Materials4.1 Glass The outer glass facing the sunlight can be made of flat glass with high transmittance, tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, homogeneous tempered glass, lightweight physical tempered glass, curved glass, fireproof glass, and anti-reflection film glass for solar photovoltaic modules. The inner glass can be made of flat glass, tempered glass, homogeneous tempered glass, lightweight physical tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, glazed tempered, glazed semi-tempered glass, curved glass, fireproof glass. Flat glass shall comply with the provisions of GB 11614; tempered glass shall comply with the provisions of GB 15763.2; semi-tempered glass shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 17841; homogeneous tempered glass shall comply with the provisions of GB 15763.4; lightweight physically strengthened glass shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 34328; glazed tempered and glazed semi-tempered glass shall comply with the provisions of JC/T 1006; fireproof glass shall comply with the provisions of GB 15763.1; anti-reflection film glass for solar photovoltaic modules shall comply with the provisions of JC/T 2170; other types of glass shall comply with the corresponding standards or be agreed upon by both parties. 4.2 Photovoltaic cells Crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, thin-film photovoltaic cells or other types of photovoltaic cells can be selected. 4.3 Intermediate layer The intermediate layer can be made of films that meet the requirements for construction, such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film, polyethylene octene co-elastomer (POE) film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, etc. 4.4 Busbar Metallic materials with good electrical conductivity, such as copper and aluminum, can be used as the main material or substrate of the busbar. 4.5 Insulating tape Polyester terephthalate (PET) or other materials with good insulation can be used as the The specimen is considered safe when it meets the following requirements at the time of destruction: a) Cracks or openings are allowed during destruction, but cracks or openings that allow a ball with a diameter of 76 mm to pass through under a force of 25 N are not allowed; b) When fragments are peeled off from the specimen after impact, weigh the fragments peeled off from the specimen within 3 minutes after impact. The total mass of the fragments shall not exceed the mass of the specimen equivalent to 100 cm2; the maximum mass of the peeled fragments shall be less than the mass of the specimen of 44 cm2. According to the requirements of shotgun bag impact performance, laminated solar photovoltaic glass is divided into the following four classes: a) Class I laminated solar photovoltaic glass: No requirements for shotgun bag impact performance; b) Class II-1 laminated solar photovoltaic glass: 3 groups of specimens are impacted at 300 mm, 750 mm, 1200 mm impact heights; all specimens are not damaged and/or safely damaged; c) Class II-2 laminated solar photovoltaic glass: 2 groups of specimens are impacted at 300 mm and 750 mm impact heights; the specimens are not damaged and/or safely damaged; d) Class III laminated solar photovoltaic glass: 1 group of specimens are impacted at 300 mm impact height, the specimens are not damaged and/or safely damaged; the other group of specimens are impacted at 750 mm impact height, no specimen is safely damaged.6 Test methods6.1 Test process Except for the five tests of maximum power, heat resistance, wind pressure resistance, ball drop impact peeling resistance, shotgun bag impact resistance, the test procedures for other inspection items are shown in Figure 5. For curved laminated solar photovoltaic glass, flat specimens with the same structure and process can be used instead. 6.2 General test 6.2.1 General test conditions If there is no requirement, the test shall be carried out according to the following general test conditions: a) Temperature: (20 ± 5) °C; b) Air pressure: (8.60 × 104) Pa ~ (1.06 × 105) Pa; c) Relative humidity: 40% ~ 80%. 6.2.2 Standard test conditions (STC) Perform the following requirements of IEC 61215-2: a) Standard test temperature: (25 ± 2) °C; b) Light source irradiance: (1000 ± 100) W/m2; c) Air quality index: AM1.5. 6.2.3 Maximum power determination It is determined in accordance with MQT 02 in IEC 61215-2. 6.2.4 Temperature coefficient measurement It is measured in accordance with MQT 04 in IEC 61215-2. 6.2.5 Performance under STC It is performed in accordance with MQT 06 in IEC 61215-2. 6.2.6 Performance under low irradiance It is performed in accordance with MQT 07 in IEC 61215-2. 6.2.7 Steady-state test The steady-state test is carried out in accordance with MQT 19 in IEC 61215-2, including the initial steady-state test and the final steady-state test. The initial steady- state test is carried out in accordance with MQT 19.1 in IEC 61215-2; the final steady- state test is carried out in accordance with MQT 19.2 in IEC 61215-2. 6.2.8 Potential induced degradation (PID) test It is carried out in accordance with MQT 21 in IEC 61215-2. 6.3 Appearance quality Under an illumination of not less than 1000 lx, the line of sight is perpendicular to the glass and the observation is carried out at a distance of 1 m from the specimen. The size of point defects and the width of line defects are measured with a reading microscope, which has a magnification of 10 times and an accuracy of 0.1 mm. The length of line defects and burst edges is measured with a steel ruler, that conforms to GB/T 9056 or a measuring tool with equal or higher accuracy. Visually inspect cracks, debonding, wrinkles, stripes, photovoltaic cells, terminations, live parts and other appearance quality conditions. 6.4 Dimensional tolerance 6.4.1 Width, length, diagonal difference Use a steel ruler or steel tape measure with a minimum scale of 1 mm to make measurement. 6.4.2 Overlap difference Use a steel ruler which has a minimum scale of 0.5 mm or a caliper that complies with GB/T 21389, to measure along the perimeter of the glass and read the maximum overlap difference. 6.4.3 Thickness Use an external micrometer that complies with GB/T 1216 or a measuring tool with equal or higher accuracy, to measure at the center of the four sides of the laminated solar photovoltaic glass; take the average value; round off the value to two decimal places. 6.5 Curvature Put the laminated solar photovoltaic glass to be tested under general test conditions for more than 4 hours. When measuring, place it vertically and place two pads at 1/4 below its long side. Use a ruler or metal wire to press horizontally against its two sides or diagonal direction; use a feeler gauge to measure the gap between the straight line and the glass; express the curvature of the bow as the percentage of the ratio of the arc height to the length of the chord. When measuring the local waveform, use a ruler or metal wire to measure along the 25 mm direction parallel to the edge of the glass; the measuring length is 300 mm. Use a feeler gauge to measure the height of the trough or 6.18 Wind pressure resistance It is tested in accordance with GB/T 37825. 6.19 Hail resistance It is tested in accordance with MQT 17 in IEC 61215-2. 6.20 Heat resistance 6.20.1 Specimen The specimen shall be made of the same material and structure as the product and prepared under the same process conditions, or cut directly from the product, but at least one side is part of the original side of the product. The specimen shall be consistent with the product use conditions. If the product is used with edge sealers on all edges, all edges of the specimen shall also be provided with edge sealers. The specimen size shall be no less than 300 mm × 300 mm; the number shall be 3. 6.20.2 Apparatus The test apparatus can be an electric blast oven with a temperature control tolerance not exceeding ±1 °C, or a device capable of heating water to boiling. 6.20.3 Test procedure Heat the three glass specimens to °C and keep them warm for 2 h; then cool the specimens to room temperature. If both outer surfaces of the specimen are glass, the specimen can also be vertically immersed in hot water heated to °C for 2 h, then removed from the water and cooled to room temperature. In order to avoid cracks in the specimen due to thermal stress, the specimen can be preheated in warm water at (65 ± 3) °C for 3 min. Visually inspect the specimens after the test; record whether there are bubbles or other defects. 6.21 Ball impact peeling resistance 6.21.1 Specimen The specimen shall be made of the same material and structure as the product and 6.22 Shotgun bag impact resistance 6.22.1 Specimens The specimens shall meet the following requirements: a) The specimens shall be flat test pieces or products made with the same material, structure, process as the products. Curved laminated solar photovoltaic glass shall be replaced with flat test pieces with the same structure and process. A total of 12 specimens are required, with 4 specimens forming a group, divided into 3 groups. Undamaged samples in the specimens are allowed to be reused; b) The specimen specifications are (1930 ± 2) mm × (864 ± 2) mm; c) When the specimen is an asymmetric structure and the impact surface of the product of this structure cannot be determined during use, the shotgun bag impact test shall be carried out on both sides; the number of test samples shall be doubled. 6.22.2 Device The test device includes a fixed test frame, a clamping frame to keep the specimen in the test frame during the test, an impact body with a suspension device, a release device, a force-measuring ball device. 6.22.3 Test procedure 6.22.3.1 Before the test, the specimen shall be kept under the test conditions of 6.2.1 for at least 12 hours. 6.22.3.2 The test shall start from the lowest impact height, with 4 glass pieces in a group; impact tests shall be carried out at heights of 300 mm, 750 mm, 1200 mm in sequence. 6.22.3.3 Before each impact test, the impact body shall be lifted to the corresponding height and kept stationary. At the impact height, the central axis of the metal rod of the impact body shall be in a straight line with the suspension rope of the impact body. 6.22.3.4 At the corresponding impact height, release the impact body with an initial velocity of zero, so that the impact body vertically impacts the middle of the specimen once in a pendulum-like free fall. 6.22.3.5 For asymmetric laminated solar photovoltaic glass, when there is a certain impact surface for use, the impact test shall be carried out on the designated impact surface; when there is no certain impact surface for use, the impact test shall be carried out on both sides, the impact surface shall be indicated in the test report. 6.22.3.6 After each impact, the state of the specimen shall be checked. If any specimen in a group of specimens does not meet the requirements of 5.21, the test of this group of specimens ends; if all specimens in a group meet the requirements of 5.21, the next high impact test can be continued, the undamaged specimens can be used again. 6.22.3.7 Record and report the maximum impact height and impact history of the product sample; indicate the type and origin of the photovoltaic cell and the intermediate layer material.7 Inspection rules7.1 Inspection classification 7.1.1 Exit-factory inspection The exit-factory inspection items include appearance quality, dimensional tolerance, maximum power. If other inspection items are required, they can be agreed upon by the supplier and the buyer. 7.1.2 Type inspection The type inspection items shall include all items in this document. Type inspection shall be carried out in any of the following situations: a) Type finalization and identification of new products or old products after trans- factory production; b) After formal production, if there are major changes in structure, materials, processes that may affect product performance; c) During normal production, regular inspections shall be carried out after a certain amount of production has been accumulated; d) When the product is resumed after a long period of suspension; e) When the exit-factory inspection results are significantly different from the last type inspection. 7.2 Group-batching and sampling 7.2.1 Product appearance quality and maximum power shall be 100% inspected during exit-factory. 7.2.2 The dimensional tolerance and curvature shall be randomly sampled from the delivery batch for inspection according to Table 6. When the batch of products is larger b) The maximum power attenuation of conventional components after the test does not exceed 5%; the color components are determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer; c) No product shows short circuit or leakage current during the test; d) There are no appearance defects described in 5.2; e) Meet the test requirements of 6.6 and 6.7. If two or more products do not meet the above requirements, the listed performance is unqualified. If a product fails any test, take two new products and retest all relevant test procedures. If one or both products fail the test, the performance is unqualified; if both products pass the test, the performance is qualified. 7.3.4 Heat resistance Take 3 specimens for testing. When all 3 specimens meet the requirements, they are qualified; when 1 specimen meets the requirements, they are unqualified. When 2 specimens meet the requirements, add 3 new specimens for retesting; when all 3 specimens meet the requirements, they are qualified. 7.3.5 Drop ball impact peeling resistance Take 6 specimens for testing. When 5 or more specimens meet the requirements, they are qualified; when 3 or less specimens meet the requirements, they are unqualified. When 4 specimens meet the requirements, add 6 new specimens for retesting; when all 6 specimens meet the requirements, they are qualified. 7.3.6 Shotgun bag impact resistance Every 4 specimens or products form 1 group. Specimens or products that are not damaged during the test can be tested for higher-level shotgun bag impact performance. Those that meet the following requirements are qualified; otherwise, they are unqualified. a) Class II-1 laminated solar photovoltaic glass: When the three groups of specimens or products are impacted at 300 mm, 750 mm, 1200 mm impact heights, all specimens or products are not damaged and/or safely damaged. b) Class II-2 laminated solar photovoltaic glass: When the two groups of specimens are impacted at 300 mm and 750 mm impact heights, all specimens or products are not damaged and/or safely damaged; when the one group of specimens or products is impacted at 1200 mm impact height, the specimens or products are non-safely damaged. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. |
