GB/T 24554-2022 PDF English
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| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivery | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB/T 24554-2022 | English | 320 |
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Performance test methods for fuel cell system
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| GB/T 24554-2009 | English | 70 |
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Performance test methods for fuel cell engines
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GB/T 24554-2022: Performance test methods for fuel cell system---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT24554-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.120
CCS T 47
Replacing GB/T 24554-2009
Performance test methods for fuel cell system
Issued on. DECEMBER 30, 2022
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2023
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Measurement parameters, units and accuracy... 5
5 Test conditions... 6
6 General test requirements... 8
7 Preprocessing methods... 8
8 Test methods... 9
Appendix A (Informative) Test sequence of test items... 21
Appendix B (Normative) Steady-state test data processing... 22
Appendix C (Normative) Dynamic average power test data processing... 24
Appendix D (Informative) Block diagram of fuel cell engine boundaries... 26
Appendix E (Normative) Measurement method for fuel cell stack volumetric power
density... 27
1 Scope
This document specifies the test methods of normal temperature start characteristics,
low temperature cold start characteristics, steady state characteristics, dynamic
response characteristics, dynamic average efficiency, high temperature operation test,
air tightness test, insulation resistance test, mass and power density test, etc. for fuel
cell engine.
This document applies to the testing of proton exchange membrane fuel cell engines for
vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of
their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references,
the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment
of limiting values
GB 18384, Electric vehicles safety requirements
GB/T 24548, Fuel cell electric vehicles - Terminology
GB/T 34593-2017, Test methods of hydrogen emission for fuel cell engine
GB/T 35178, Fuel cell electric vehicles - Hydrogen consumption - Test methods
GB/T 37244, Fuel specification for proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles -
Hydrogen
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions determined by GB/T 24548 are applicable to this document.
4 Measurement parameters, units and accuracy
Table 1 specifies the measurement parameters, units and accuracy of the test.
5 Test conditions
5.1 Requirements for fuel cell engine
Fuel cell engines shall meet the following requirements.
5.3 Requirements for test platform and hydrogen used
During the test, the test platform and the hydrogen used shall meet the following
requirements.
5.4 Regulations on fuel cell engine control methods during the test
During the test, the corresponding command for starting, loading, de-loading, and
closing-down of the fuel cell engine shall be sent or received by the test platform in
accordance with the communication protocol provided by the manufacturer.
5.5 Requirements for auxiliary system power
The auxiliary system power includes the power consumed by air compressors, cooling
pumps, hydrogen circulation pumps, controllers and other components; the power of
the radiator fan is not included in the auxiliary system power.
5.6 Requirements for test data collection, calculation and power loading error
During the test, the data collection frequency and loading error shall meet the following
requirements.
6 General test requirements
During the test, the following regulations shall be observed.
-- The fuel cell engine shall not be supplemented with cooling fluid or humidification
water during the test; after the start of the test, including during the test, no
changes shall be made to the fuel cell engine;
7 Preprocessing methods
7.1 Normal temperature immersion method
Before immersing the machine, the process of switching on and off the fuel cell engine
shall be completed once, and the fuel cell engine shall be turned off. Let the fuel cell
engine (coolant filling completed) stand still at room temperature (23.0 °C ± 5.0 °C),
and the immersion time shall not be less than 12 h. During immersion, no changes shall
be made to the fuel cell engine.
7.2 Low temperature (below 0 °C) immersion method
In the low temperature cold start test of the fuel cell engine, the radiator or heat
exchanger used for the fuel cell engine shall be placed in the environmental chamber.
During the immersion process, before reaching the set temperature, after the
environmental chamber drops to the temperature specified by the manufacturer and
lasts for a certain period of time (determined by the manufacturer according to product
technical requirements), a switch operation may be performed, during which the fuel
cell engine shall be started to idle speed state (or the lowest power point of the fuel cell
engine), for a duration (including starting) not exceeding 3 min;
7.3 High temperature immersion method
Before immersion, the process of switching on and off the fuel cell engine shall be
completed once, and the fuel cell engine shall be turned off.
In the high temperature operation test of the fuel cell engine, the radiator or heat
exchanger used for the fuel cell engine shall be placed in the environmental chamber.
Set the temperature of the environmental chamber to 45.0 °C and the relative humidity
to 40% ~ 90%. When the ambient temperature reaches the set temperature, start timing,
and the effective immersion time shall not be less than 2 hours.
7.4 Warming-up method
According to the manufacturer’s use regulations, make the fuel cell engine system work
at a certain power, while monitoring the outlet temperature of the coolant of the fuel
cell engine. When the outlet temperature of the coolant of the fuel cell engine reaches
the normal operating temperature (the temperature is specified by the manufacturer),
the fuel cell engine is considered to be in a hot state.
8 Test methods
8.1 Start characteristic test
8.1.1 Normal temperature start characteristic test
8.1.1.1 Normal temperature idle speed cold start characteristic test
8.1.1.2 Normal temperature idle speed hot start test
8.1.1.2.1 Test conditions
Before the test, warm up the fuel cell engine according to the method specified in 7.4,
so that the fuel cell engine is in a warm-up state. The test process shall be carried out
automatically without manual intervention.
8.1.1.2.2 Test procedure
Test according to the following procedure.
8.1.1.2.3 Data measured and recorded during the test
Data measured in the test. hot starting time, fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine) voltage,
fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine) current, etc.
8.1.1.3 Normal temperature rated power cold start test
8.1.1.3.1 Test conditions
Before the test, place the fuel cell engine at normal temperature, and carry out the
immersion treatment according to the immersion method in 7.1, so that the fuel cell
engine is in a cold state. The test process shall be carried out automatically without
manual intervention.
8.1.1.4 Normal temperature rated power hot start test
8.1.1.4.1 Test conditions
Before the test, warm up the fuel cell engine according to the method specified in 7.4,
so that the fuel cell engine is in a warm-up state. The test process shall be carried out
automatically without manual intervention.
8.1.1.4.2 Test procedure
Test according to the following procedure.
8.1.1.4.3 Data measured and recorded during the test
Data measured in the test. hot starting time, fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine) voltage,
fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine) current.
8.1.2 Low temperature cold start characteristic test
8.1.2.1 Low temperature idle speed cold start test
8.1.2.2 Low temperature rated power cold start test
8.1.2.2.3 Data measured and recorded during the test
Data measured in the test. starting time, fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine) voltage, fuel
cell stack (or fuel cell engine) current, ambient temperature, coolant temperature,
auxiliary system voltage, auxiliary system current, hydrogen consumption.
8.2 Rated power test
8.2.1 Test conditions
Before the test, set the fuel cell engine at a warm-up state. The test process shall be
carried out automatically without manual intervention.
8.2.2 Test procedure
Test according to the following procedure.
8.2.3 Data measured and recorded during the test
Data measured in the test. fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine) voltage, fuel cell stack (or
fuel cell engine) current, auxiliary system voltage, auxiliary system current, hydrogen consumption.
8.3 Peak power test
8.3.1 Test conditions
Before the test, set the fuel cell engine at the warm-up state. The test process shall be
carried out automatically without manual intervention.
8.3.2 Test procedure
Test according to the following procedure.
8.3.3 Data measured and recorded during the test
Data measured in the test. peak power operation time, fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine)
voltage, fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine) current, auxiliary system voltage, auxiliary
system current, hydrogen consumption.
8.4 Dynamic response characteristic test
8.4.1 Test conditions
Before the test, set the fuel cell engine to a warm-up state. The test process shall be
carried out automatically without manual intervention.
8.4.2 Test procedure
8.4.2.1 Loading dynamic response test
Test according to the following procedure.
8.4.2.2 Unloading dynamic response test
Test according to the following procedure.
8.4.1 and this article.
Note. The idle state (or the lowest power point of the fuel cell engine) is used as the
cut-off point of the dynamic step, and the response time of this step is used as
an indicator for evaluating the unloading dynamic response of the fuel cell
engine.
8.4.3 Data measured and recorded during the test
Data measured in the test. dynamic step response time, fuel cell stack (or fuel cell
engine) voltage, fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine) current, auxiliary system voltage,
auxiliary system current, hydrogen consumption.
8.5 Steady state characteristic test
8.5.1 Test conditions
Before the test, set the fuel cell engine to the warm-up state. The test process shall be
carried out automatically without manual intervention, and the test data processing shall
be in accordance with the provisions of Appendix B.
8.5.2 Test procedure
Test according to the following procedure.
8.5.3 Data measured and recorded during the test
Data measured in the test. voltage of the fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine), current of
the fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine), consumption of hydrogen, voltage and current
of the auxiliary system.
From this, obtain the polarization characteristic curve (V-I curve) of the fuel cell stack,
the power curve of the fuel cell stack, and the efficiency curve of the fuel cell stack; the
power curve of the fuel cell engine, the efficiency curve of the fuel cell engine, and the
power curve of the auxiliary system.
8.6 High temperature operation test
8.6.1 Test conditions
Before the test, place the fuel cell engine in the environmental chamber; set the
temperature of the environmental chamber to 45.0 °C; carry out the immersion
treatment according to the immersion method in 7.3.The test process shall be carried
out automatically without manual intervention.
8.6.2 Test procedure
Test according to the following procedure.
8.6.3 Data measured and recorded during the test
Data measured in the test. voltage and current of the fuel cell stack (or fuel cell engine),
consumption of hydrogen, voltage and current of the auxiliary system.
8.7 Dynamic average efficiency characteristic test
Perform the test according to the test method specified in 5.2.2 of GB/T 34593-2017;
collect the voltage, current, hydrogen flow and other parameters of the fuel cell stack
(or fuel cell engine); conduct the test three times; take the average value of the three
tests as the result. The test data processing method shall be processed according to
Appendix C.
8.8 Fuel cell engine air tightness test
8.8.1 Test conditions
Put the fuel cell engine at the ambient temperature without adding coolant; let it stand
for not less than 12 h, so that the fuel cell engine is in a cold state; conduct the test
according to the steps in 8.8.2.
8.8.2 Test procedure
8.9 Insulation resistance test
While the coolant is in a hot state, use a megohmmeter to measure the insulation
resistance values of the positive and negative electrodes of the fuel cell engine to the
conductive or metal grounding points on the outer surface of the fuel cell engine,
respectively. Refer to Table 2 to select the megohmmeter range. When measuring, the
megohmmeter pointer or display value shall be stable before reading.
If the working voltage of fuel cell engine auxiliary system components operates at level-
B voltage (the voltage level shall be in accordance with GB 18384), its insulation
resistance shall be measured separately. If it contains a high-voltage contactor inside,
the contactor must be in a closed state when testing the insulation resistance. Use a
megohmmeter to measure the insulation resistance of the positive and negative poles to
the outer shell. Refer to Table 2 to select the megohmmeter range. When measuring, the
megohmmeter pointer or display value shall be stable before reading.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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