GB/T 22551-2023 PDF in English
GB/T 22551-2023 (GB/T22551-2023, GBT 22551-2023, GBT22551-2023)
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Leisure accommodation vehicles -- Habitation requirements
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Leisure accommodation vehicles -- Caravans -- Habitation requirements
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 22551-2023
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GB/T 22551-2023: PDF in English (GBT 22551-2023) GB/T 22551-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.100
CCS T 47
Replacing GB/T 22551-2008
Leisure Accommodation Vehicles – Habitation Requirements
ISSUED ON: MAY 23, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 1, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative References ... 7
3 Terms and Definitions ... 8
4 The Whole Vehicle Configuration ... 8
5 Internal Facilities ... 10
6 Water Supply, Storage and Wastewater Treatment ... 12
7 Thermal Insulation and Heating ... 14
8 Gas System ... 15
9 Emergency Measures ... 15
10 Warning Signs ... 20
11 User Manual ... 20
Appendix A (Normative) Stiffness Test ... 21
Appendix B (Normative) Test of the Grab Handle for Vehicle Moving ... 22
Appendix C (Normative) Anti-Slip Test ... 24
Appendix D (Normative) Mechanical Strength Test of the Bed ... 26
Appendix E (Normative) Calculation of Thermal Insulation ... 27
Appendix F (Normative) User Manual ... 33
Bibliography ... 35
Leisure Accommodation Vehicles – Habitation Requirements
1 Scope
This Document specifies the whole vehicle configuration, internal facilities, water supply,
storage and wastewater treatment, thermal insulation and heating, gas system, emergency
measures, warning signs, and user manual requirements for leisure accommodation vehicles.
This Document applies to the design, production and use of leisure accommodation vehicles
and caravans.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB/T 5842 Liquefied petroleum steel gas cylinders
GB 7258 Safety specifications for motor vehicles operating on roads
GB/T 9867-2008 Rubber vulcanized or thermoplastic - Determination of abrasion
resistance using a rotating cylindrical drum device
GB/T 17219 Standard for Safety Evaluation of Equipment and Protective Mater
GB/T 22550 Leisure accommodation vehicles - Terminology
GB/T 36121-2018 Technical requirements for caravans
GB/T 41601 Leisure accommodation vehicle - Safety ventilation requirements
GB/T 42289 Leisure accommodation vehicle - Safety general requirements for the
residential electric system
QC/T 776 Motor caravan
ISO 8936 Awnings for leisure accommodation vehicles – Requirements and test methods
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in GB 7258 and GB/T 22550
apply.
4 The Whole Vehicle Configuration
4.1 Capacity of bed
The bed capacity of a leisure accommodation vehicle shall be consistent with the number of
beds provided (including fixed beds and movable beds), and the number of beds and their layout
shall be indicated in the user manual.
4.2 Stiffness
When the caravan supports all its supporting devices on the ground in a stationary state, conduct
a stiffness test on any supporting device in accordance with the method specified in Appendix
A. The doors and windows of the caravan shall not deform in such a way that it is difficult to
open.
4.3 Supporting device
Caravan shall be equipped with four supporting devices, one at each corner. The supporting
device shall be telescopic and height-adjustable. Each supporting device shall be able to
withstand a load of no less than 25% of the maximum total design mass of the caravan when
extended. The front supporting device of the caravan semi-trailer shall be able to withstand a
load of no less than 50% of the maximum total design mass of the caravan. When the supporting
device is used, one or more wheels of the caravan shall not be lifted off the ground unless the
user manual specifically states that the supporting device is used for this purpose. Suitable
operating tools for height adjustment shall be provided. The load capacity of the supporting
device shall be stated in the user manual.
4.4 Grab handle for vehicle moving
A caravan with a total mass less than or equal to 2000kg shall be equipped with 4 grab handles
for vehicle moving, one at the front and rear of each side. If the maximum allowable total mass
of the caravan does not exceed 750kg, it only needs to be equipped with one grab handle for
vehicle moving at the front on the left and right sides. The horizontal operating space of each
grab handle for vehicle moving shall be no less than 30mm × 120mm. The grab handle for
caravan moving shall be tested in accordance with Appendix B. After the test, the grab handle
for caravan moving and its fixing device shall not be permanently deformed or loose.
4.5 Entrance steps
4.5.1 Height
4.8 Sunroof and side windows
When the leisure accommodation vehicle is driving, the sunroof, side windows and their
accessories shall not become loose, and screens and sunshades shall be installed on the inside.
4.9 Awnings
If a leisure accommodation vehicle is equipped with an awning, it shall meet the requirements
of ISO 8936; and its installation and use shall meet the requirements of the manufacturer's
technical documents.
4.10 Electrical equipment
The electrical appliances and supporting equipment of a leisure accommodation vehicle shall
meet the requirements of GB/T 42289.
4.11 Ventilation
The ventilation system of the leisure accommodation vehicles shall meet the requirements of
GB/T 41601.
Bathrooms, stove areas, and gas cylinder storage rooms shall be equipped with ventilation
devices or exhaust outlets. Ventilation devices or exhaust outlets shall not be shielded or
blocked.
5 Internal Facilities
5.1 Seat
The seats for the approved number of passengers of the leisure accommodation vehicle shall
meet the requirements of QC/T 776.
5.2 Beds
5.2.1 Mattress size
The bed shall be equipped with a mattress (or cushion). The length and width of all mattresses
(or cushions) shall be clearly stated in the user manual. The allowable deviation of size is
±20mm.
If the mattress (or cushion) has an irregular shape, an illustration shall be attached and the
relevant dimensions shall be stated.
5.2.2 Clear space of bed
The minimum width of the bed of a leisure accommodation vehicle shall be no less than 600mm,
and the minimum width of the bed of a caravan shall be no less than 700mm. The minimum
length of the bed of the leisure accommodation vehicle should be no less than 1800mm. When
a uniformly distributed load of 75kg is placed on the mattress (or cushion), the vertical clear
height above 2/3 of the surface area of the mattress (or cushion) shall be no less than 650mm.
5.2.3 Protective facilities
The upper bed shall be equipped with rigid protective (guardrails) or elastic protection (curtains
or protective nets) facilities. The gap between protective facilities and other facilities shall be
no greater than 75mm. The minimum height of the rigid protective facilities shall be 150mm
higher than the upper surface of the mattress (or cushion). The rigid protective facilities on the
outside of the bed shall have an opening of 350mm~550mm as the upper bed passage. The
minimum height of the elastic protective facility shall be 160mm higher than the upper surface
of the mattress (or cushion). At least one end of the elastic protection facility shall be removable,
and an opening of 350mm~550mm can be opened as a passage for the upper bed.
Any area on the elastic protective device shall be able to withstand a horizontal external thrust
force of 100N for 15 s without causing any tearing, separation or creating a gap greater than
60mm at the lower edge of the elastic protective device.
5.2.4 Mechanical strength
After the surface of the mattress (or cushion) is loaded with a vertical downward force of 1000N
for 60 min, the bed frame shall not produce permanent deformation exceeding 5mm, and the
fixation of the bed shall not be damaged. The mechanical strength test of the bed shall be carried
out in accordance with Appendix D.
5.2.5 Bed safety
All beds shall be free of accidental movement. If the bed is foldable, there shall be no accidental
automatic folding. If the bed can be folded and stored while the leisure accommodation vehicle
is in motion, it shall not be accidentally moved during storage.
5.2.6 Upper bed passage
The leisure accommodation vehicles shall have access to upper bed and ensure safety. The
width of the passage shall be no less than 250mm. The distance from the top of the passage
standing point to the uppermost end of the bed frame structure shall be no greater than 400mm.
If a ladder is used to lead to the upper bed, the upper surface of the ladder's treads shall be of
equal size, with a tolerance of ±12mm; and the distance between each step of the treads shall
be 225mm±25mm. When a vertical downward static load of 1000N and a horizontal static load
of 500N are respectively applied to the tread surface of the ladder, the tread of the ladder shall
neither break nor produce permanent deformation of 5mm or more.
5.2.7 Hook protection
Under normal use, the bed and its passages shall not contain any facilities with openings, nor
shall there be protrusions, holes, or gaps caused by loose washers and nuts that can hook or
The connector shall be located at an easily accessible location on the outside of the leisure
accommodation vehicle; and shall not protrude into the designed ground clearance and
departure angle of the vehicle, nor shall it increase the length and width of the leisure
accommodation vehicle body. A sealing cover shall be installed on each connector to protect
and seal the connector. All pipes, fittings and seals of the connector shall be made of materials
that meet the quality requirements of products related to drinking water hygiene and safety.
6.1.2 Connector installation
The connector shall be rigidly mounted on the leisure accommodation vehicle. If the connector
is connected to a main pipe, the pressure of the main pipe shall be adjustable through the
regulating device to a pressure range suitable for all water equipment installed on the vehicle.
6.2 Purified water tank
6.2.1 Basic requirements
The volume of the clean water tank and the technical requirements of the connector shall be
stated in the user manual.
6.2.2 Materials
The water tank shall be made of environmentally friendly materials and be easy to flush and
clean. All materials in contact with drinking water shall meet the requirements of GB/T 17219.
6.2.3 Marking
The water purification connector shall be clearly marked in blue.
6.3 Wastewater treatment
6.3.1 Outlet
Conveniently placed wastewater tanks with sufficient capacity shall be installed at the waste
water outlets of shower rooms, wash basins and sinks to collect waste water.
6.3.2 Wastewater tank
The minimum volume of the wastewater tank shall be no less than the volume of the clean
water tank, and it shall be easy to flush and clean. If it is detachable and removable, a separate
storage space and effective fixing measures shall be provided for it.
6.3.3 Connecting devices
The minimum diameter of the wastewater pipe connection device is 25mm, and a hose with a
length of 1500mm should be provided.
6.3.4 Marking
Drainage pipe connections shall be clearly marked in gray.
6.4 Bathroom waste treatment
6.4.1 Sewage system
Bathroom dirt is collected into a dirt tank. The dirt tank shall be easy to clean and have a sewage
system that can be connected to the outside of the vehicle. The sewage system shall be equipped
with a liquid level indicator or early warning device. When equipped with a detachable waste
tank, it shall be ensured that the loading, unloading, sealing, and connection of the dirt tank are
easy to operate and reliable to use.
6.4.2 Connecting devices
The minimum inner diameter of the toilet waste discharge connecting device is 70 mm; and the
minimum inner diameter of the connecting device for installing crushing equipment is 40mm;
and a hose with a minimum inner diameter of 75mm or 45mm and a minimum length of
1500mm can be connected in a bayonet manner.
7 Thermal Insulation and Heating
7.1 Thermal insulation level
For leisure accommodation vehicles, labels shall be added to the user manual and obvious
places on the vehicle body to indicate the thermal insulation level. The thermal insulation levels
are as follows:
a) Level 1: No heating is required at this level; the average heat transfer coefficient of the
building elements of the leisure accommodation vehicle shall not exceed 1.4W/(m2·K);
b) Level 2: When the external temperature of the vehicle is 0°C, the average temperature
difference between the internal area of the vehicle and the outside of the vehicle shall be no less
than 20°C; the average heat transfer coefficient of the building elements of the vehicle shall not
exceed 1.4W/(m2·K );
c) Level 3: When the external temperature of the vehicle is -15°C, except for the bathroom, the
average temperature difference between the internal area of the vehicle and the external area of
the vehicle shall be no less than 35°C; the average heat transfer coefficient of the building
elements of the vehicle shall not exceed 1.2W /(m2·K), and the water purification, wastewater
and sewage drainage systems shall be able to work normally after the leisure accommodation
vehicle is placed in an environment with an outdoor temperature of -15°C for 60 min.
NOTE: The building elements of the caravan include windows, doors, roof lights, etc.
7.2 Calculation of thermal insulation
outside of the vehicle, and meet the requirements of 9.1.3 or 9.1.5. The emergency exit at the
bed shall be located at a reasonable location on the side or above the bed.
When the distance between the bathroom door and the emergency exit of the leisure
accommodation vehicle is greater than 2000mm, the bathroom shall be equipped with an
emergency exit. The distance is the one from the bathroom door handle, through the emergency
passage, to the nearest emergency exit of the leisure accommodation vehicle.
9.1.2 Emergency passage
There shall be no obstructions in the emergency route to the emergency exit. Objects (such as
drawers, furniture doors, oven doors, steps, etc.) that can be moved or put away quickly and
easily in a single operation shall not be considered obstacles.
The width of the emergency passage shall be no less than 450mm.
When the emergency passage to the emergency door is restricted, the height of the emergency
passage from the ground shall be no less than 1140mm. At the same time, the emergency door
area shall have a space with a height and width of no less than 1140mm × 480mm, and a depth
of no less than 750mm. The depth shall be measured from the lowered height of the emergency
passage to the nearest emergency door handle. The operating space for emergency door handles
shall not be blocked.
9.1.3 Emergency door
The emergency door shall open outwards and provide a smooth and unobstructed opening space,
and its size shall meet the requirements of 4.7.1. When the emergency door is locked outside
the door, it shall be able to be opened quickly from the inner door. The opening mechanism of
the emergency door in the vehicle shall be operable from both the inside and outside of the door.
9.1.4 Inner door
The inner doors should be opened from both inside and outside using lever door handles, and
entrance doors should be opened by pressing the handle downwards.
If the inner doors between compartments is equipped with a locking mechanism on one side,
an emergency unlocking mechanism shall be installed on the other side.
9.1.5 Emergency windows and escape panels
The emergency window or escape panel shall open outwards or slide horizontally, the opening
area shall be no less than 0.25m2, and the size in any direction shall be no less than 450mm.
When the emergency window or escape panel hinged on the roof is opened outwards, it shall
be able to open at least 70° and shall remain fully open. The dimensions of the emergency
window or escape panel are shown in Figure 1. Emergency windows shall be windows that
pivot around a horizontal axis (except windows that pivot along the top edge of the vehicle).
Place an easily accessible fire blanket near cooking facilities.
10 Warning Signs
The leisure accommodation vehicle shall be equipped with warning signs at areas with safety
risks. The requirements for setting warning signs are as follows:
a) Warning signs on upper bunks should indicate: "Children under 6 years old please use
under adult supervision";
b) Permanent warning signs with simple fire prevention suggestions and measures to be
taken in the event of a fire shall be installed in an easily visible location inside the vehicle,
with a size of no less than 200mm × 130mm; the font height of the title shall be no less
than 6mm, and the font shall be in red. The font height of the main text shall be no less
than 3mm, and use black fonts;
c) Warning signs shall at least include the following:
1) Ventilation: Do not block installed permanent vents;
2) When a fire occurs: All personnel shall quickly evacuate to the outside of the leisure
accommodation vehicle; close the external gas valve and/or liquid fuel valve (if
installed); cut off the main power supply; call the police quickly; and extinguish the
fire while ensuring their own safety;
3) Fire prevention measures: Do not allow children to be left alone in the vehicle without
adult accompaniment; carefully check the location and operating requirements of
emergency exits after entering the leisure accommodation vehicle, and confirm that
all escape routes are clear. Stay away from all heating and cooking appliances; place
at the exit 1 fire extinguisher with a normal functioning effective capacity of at least
2kg, and a fire extinguishing blanket placed near the cooking facilities; be familiar
with the use of fire extinguishing equipment and the use of fire prevention facilities
in the place of residence.
11 User Manual
The leisure accommodation vehicle shall provide a user manual accompanying the vehicle, and
the user manual shall include the content shown in Appendix F.
Appendix B
(Normative)
Test of the Grab Handle for Vehicle Moving
B.1 Objective
This test is used to test the installation and use strength of each grab handle for vehicle moving
and its fixing device on the caravan.
B.2 Test procedures
The test of grab handle for vehicle moving shall be carried out according to the following
procedures:
a) Park the caravan on a solid level ground and conduct the test at an ambient temperature
of 0℃~40℃;
b) Use a 100mm wide device and adjustable connector to connect the pressure sensor to the
grab handle for vehicle moving;
c) Secure the caravan properly to ensure that it does not move when the test load (F) is
applied to the grab handle for vehicle moving;
d) Apply a load of 1200N (F) in the horizontal plane;
e) Maintain load (F) for 15 min;
f) Remove the load (F); remove the pressure sensor and connecting parts; and check whether
there is any visible permanent deformation on the grab handle for vehicle moving;
g) Visually compare the appearance of the tested grab handle for vehicle moving with the
appearance of the same type of grab handle for vehicle moving that was not tested;
h) Manually and visually inspect the fixing device of the grab handle for vehicle moving
and record whether it is loose;
i) For each different force direction (F) of the suitable handle shown in Figure B.1, spaced
60° apart, repeat a) ~ h);
j) For each different type of grab handle for vehicle moving, repeat a)~ i).
Appendix D
(Normative)
Mechanical Strength Test of the Bed
D.1 Objective
This test is used to test the mechanical strength of the bed, bed frame and fixtures when the bed
is placed more than 500mm above the ground.
D.2 Test procedures
The mechanical strength test of the bed shall be carried out according to the following
procedures:
a) Place a hard even-load-distributed plate with a size of 350mm×1700mm, a thickness of
no less than 12mm, and a mass of (8±2) kg flatly close to the center (±200mm) on the
long side of the bed;
b) Place a load with a total mass of 100kg on an even-load-distributed plate within a range
of 200mm before and after the midpoint on the long side of the bed, as close to the edge
of the bed as possible;
c) Keep the load for 60 min;
d) Unload and remove the even-load distributed plate, measure the permanent deformation
of the bed frame, and check whether there is visible damage to the bed fixtures;
e) Repeat a) ~ d) and test each side of the bed;
f) Follow the above procedures to test each bed of the leisure accommodation vehicle.
D.3 Result Judgment
If the bed frame of the tested bed does not have any permanent deformation exceeding 5 mm
and there is no visible damage to the fixtures, the mechanical strength of the bed shall meet the
requirements of 5.2.4.
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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