QC/T 52-2015 (QCT 52-2015)

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QC/T 52-2015
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.160
T 51
Replacing QC/T 52-2000
Refuse collection vehicle
ISSUED ON: APRIL 30, 2015
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2015
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of PRC
Table of Contents
Announcement of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's
Republic of China ... 3 
Foreword ... 7 
1 Scope ... 9 
2 Normative references ... 9 
3 Terms and definitions... 10 
4 Requirements ... 11 
5 Test methods ... 14 
6 Inspection rules ... 19 
7 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage, accompanying technical documentation
... 20 
Appendix A (Informative) Test record sheet ... 21 
Appendix B (Normative) Failure category and statistics ... 22 
Refuse collection vehicle
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, requirements, test methods, inspection
rules, marking, packaging, transportation, storage, technical documentation of refuse
collection vehicles.
This standard applies to refuse collection vehicles, which are modified from stereotyped
vehicle chassis.
This standard does not apply to carriage-detachable refuse collection vehicles and
kitchen refuse collection vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB 1495 Limits and measurement methods for noise emitted by accelerating motor
vehicles
GB 1589 Limits of dimensions, axle load and masses for road vehicles
GB/T 3766 Hydraulic fluid power - General rules relating to systems
GB 4785 Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signaling
devices for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB 7258 Safety specifications for power-driven vehicles operating on roads
GB/T 9969 General principles for preparation of instructions for use of industrial
products
GB/T 12534 Motor vehicles - General rules of road test method
JB/T 5943 Engineering machinery - General technical specifications for weldments
QC/T 484 Automotive paint coating
QC/T 625 Metallic coatings and conversion coatings for automobile
QC/T 29104 Limiting value of contamination level of solid particles of special
purpose vehicle hydraulic system
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Refuse collection vehicle
It is a vehicle, that has all or part of the functions of self-loading, unloading, and
garbage compression, to collect and transport various types of garbage, in a closed
manner.
3.2
Effective capacity of the hopper
Efficient space for hopper to be loaded.
3.3
Dumping angle of the hopper
When the hopper is tipped, the angle between the bottom surface of the hopper and
the plane of the girder of the refuse collection vehicle.
3.4
Volume ratio of the waste water tank
The ratio of the volume of the waste water tank to the effective capacity of the
hopper (expressed as a percentage).
3.5
Load operation cycle time
The time it takes for the loading device, from the starting position (each special
device is in the non-working driving state of the vehicle), to return to the starting
position, to prepare for the loading operation, after completing a garbage loading
operation.
3.6
Discharge operation cycle time
The time it takes for the unloading device (each special device is in the non-working
driving state of the vehicle), from the starting position, to complete one unloading
action and return to the starting position.
3.7
Hopper cover
A door cover, that can be opened and closed, at the inlet and outlet openings on the
hopper.
3.8
Loader mechanism
A device for placing garbage in a hopper (e.g., a bucket lifting mechanism).
3.9
Compression mechanism
A device for compacting garbage.
3.10
Bar stay
A support locking device, that prevents the hopper from falling down, after it is lifted.
4 Requirements
4.1 Vehicle
4.1.1 It conforms to the provisions of this standard and be manufactured, according to
the drawings and technical documents, which are approved by the prescribed
procedures.
4.1.2 All parts and components shall be accepted by the inspection department of the
manufacturer, before they can be assembled.
4.1.3 Outline dimensions, mass, axle load limits shall comply with the provisions of
GB 1589.
4.1.4 Refuse collection vehicles shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258.
4.1.5 External lighting and light signaling devices shall comply with the provisions of
4.2.1.2 The connection between the hopper and the chassis shall be firm and reliable.
When the refuse collection vehicle is running, there must be no relative movement,
between the hopper and the chassis.
4.2.1.3 The movable parts, such as dumping bucket, pushing plate, discharge door,
sliding frame, shall be flexible and free from interference and jamming, during
operation.
4.2.1.4 The door (cover) shall be airtight and reliable. When the refuse collection
vehicle is driving, no garbage or sewage shall seep out.
4.2.1.5 When the refuse collection vehicle is running, the door (cover) shall not be loose
or self-opened; the hopper shall be lifted by itself.
4.2.2 Loader mechanism.
4.2.2.1 The loader mechanism shall run smoothly, enable the trash can to be positioned
accurately, be able to empty the trash can cleanly.
4.2.2.2 The load operation cycle time of the loader mechanism, under rated load, shall
not exceed 40 s.
Note: Excluding garbage loader mechanism, which adopts hoisting mechanism.
4.2.2.3 The loader mechanism shall be able to stop and start, in any working position.
4.2.2.4 Under the rated load, when the loader mechanism moves to the middle position
of the loading process, it stays for 15 minutes, the settlement (protrusion) of the piston
rod of the oil cylinder shall not exceed 5 mm.
4.2.3 Compression mechanism.
Refuse collection vehicles, which have a compression mechanism, shall have the
function of pressure overload protection. The filler and compression device shall not be
deformed, during operation.
4.2.4 Discharge mechanism.
4.2.4.1 The dumping angle of the refuse collection vehicle, which discharges through
dumping, shall not be less than 45°. When the dumping mechanism is lifted to the
maximum lift position, the hopper shall not have obvious distortion.
4.2.4.2 The discharge operation cycle time, through dumping, shall not exceed 60 s.
4.2.4.3 Under the rated load, when the dumping angle of the hopper of the refuse
collection vehicle, which discharges through dumping, stays at the position of 20° ~ 25°
for 15 minutes, the settlement of the piston rod of the lift cylinder shall not exceed 5
mm.
4.2.5 Safety devices.
4.2.5.1 The refuse collection vehicle, which discharges through dumping, shall have the
function of slow-lowering of the hopper. It shall be provided with a safety device for
maintenance, to prevent the hopper from falling after being lifted.
4.2.5.2 When the filler is lifted, it shall provide a brace or other safety device, to prevent
the filler from falling.
4.2.5.3 The operating mechanism shall not interfere with other components. It shall
have the operating mechanism, to prevent accidental startup.
4.2.5.4 When driving and operating, the outriggers shall be locked reliably.
4.2.6 Hydraulic, electrical, pneumatic systems.
4.2.6.1 The installation of the hydraulic system shall comply with the provisions of
GB/T 3766.
4.2.6.2 The solid contamination limit of hydraulic oil shall comply with the provisions
of QC/T 29104.
4.2.6.3 Under the rated load, when the piston rod of each working device is extended
(retracted) to 1/2 of the working stroke position, after staying for 15 min, the settlement
(protrusion) of the piston rod of the oil cylinder shall not exceed 5 mm.
4.2.6.4 The hydraulic system shall meet the requirements of heat dissipation. The oil
temperature, in the oil tank, shall not exceed 70 °C, during operation.
4.2.6.5 The pipeline layout of the electric, hydraulic, pneumatic system shall be
reasonable, neat, beautiful, firmly clamped. It shall not rub or interfere with the moving
parts.
5 Test methods
5.1 Test conditions
The test conditions shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 12534. The running-in
operation of the working organization shall be not less than 20 cycles, respectively.
5.2 Mandatory inspection
The mandatory inspection items for refuse collection vehicles are in accordance with
the relevant mandatory standards.
5.3 Operation noise test
vehicle. Record the results in Table A.1 of Appendix A.
5.10 Hydraulic system test
5.10.1 Leakage.
Keep the hydraulic system, at 1.1 times the rated working pressure, for 10 minutes.
Observe whether there is leakage in the system. Record the inspection results, in Table
A.1 of Appendix A.
5.10.2 The settlement (protrusion) of the piston rod of the oil cylinder.
When the dumping-discharge mechanism is fully loaded, it stays for 15 min, at the
dumping angle of at a position of 20° ~ 25°. Measure the settlement (protrusion) of the
piston rod of the working cylinder. Record the results in Table A.1 of Appendix A.
When the loader mechanism is fully loaded, it stays for 15 minutes when the operating
stroke is more than half. Measure the settlement (protrusion) of the piston rod of the
working oil cylinder. Record the results in Table A.1 of Appendix A.
5.11 Hopper cover test
Observe the following tests. Record the results in Table A.1 of Appendix A:
a) When the vehicle is parking, open and close the hopper cover mechanism, to
observe whether its movement is stable.
b) When the vehicle is running, observe whether there is impact and collision on the
hopper and the hopper cover.
5.12 Special device reliability
5.12.1 The reliability test shall be carried out, under no-load conditions, in accordance
with the design technical parameters. During the test, cooling measures can be taken,
to keep the oil temperature of the hydraulic system not exceeding 70 °C. During the
test, no maintenance shall be carried out; the category I failure in Appendix B shall not
occur. Include the test data in Table A.2 of Appendix A. The reliability of the special
device is calculated, according to formula (6). Record the calculation results in Table
A.2 of Appendix A.
5.12.2 When each of the loader mechanism and the discharge mechanism completes
one operation cycle, it is counted as one cycle. When the hopper cover mechanism
completes one opening and closing action, it is counted as one cycle. The data
processing of reliable operation time is carried out, according to Table B.2 in Appendix
B.
c) During normal production, when the cumulative output is 500 units;
d) After formal production, if there are major changes in structure, material, process,
which may affect the quality and performance of the product;
e) Where there is a major difference, between the exit-factory inspection and the type
inspection.
6.2.2 During the type test, in the two cases of 6.2.1 a) and b), the inspection shall be
carried out, according to the content of Chapter 4 and relevant national standards; in the
case of 6.2.1c), the special performance shall be inspected; in the two cases of 6.2.1 d)
and e), only the affected items can be inspected.
7 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage,
accompanying technical documentation
7.1 Refuse collection vehicles shall have product signs, which are fixed in obvious
positions. The product signs shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258.
7.2 When the refuse collection vehicle is transported by railway (or waterway), it shall
get on and off the train (ship) by self-driving (or towing). If the lifting method must be
used for loading and unloading, a special lifting appliance is required, to prevent
damage to the product.
7.3 When the refuse collection vehicle is stored for a long time, the fuel oil, engine
cooling water, waste water from waste water tank shall be drained; the interior shall be
rinsed clean; and the power supply shall be cut off; the doors and windows shall be
locked; the vehicle shall be placed in a place, where there are ventilation and moisture-
proof and fire-fighting facilities. It shall be regularly maintained, as specified in the
instruction manual.
7.4 The instruction manual of the refuse collection vehicle shall comply with the
relevant regulations of GB/T 9969.
7.5 The accompanying technical documents include:
a) Product certificate and chassis certificate;
b) Instruction manual;
c) List of accompanying accessories.