GB/T 34872-2017 PDF English
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GB/T 34872-2017: Technical requirements of hydrogen supply system for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT34872-2017
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.070
K 82
Technical requirements of hydrogen supply system for
proton exchange membrane fuel cells
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2018
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 System classification ... 5
5 Technical requirements ... 6
6 Test methods ... 15
7 Identification ... 18
8 Packaging, transportation ... 19
Annex A (normative) Sealing/venting tests of the sealed box ... 20
Annex B (informative) Hydrogen compression factor formula and coefficients ... 22
Bibliography... 23
TECHNICAL requirements of hydrogen supply system for
proton exchange membrane fuel cells
1 Scope
This Standard specifies system classification, technical requirements, test methods,
identification, packaging and transportation for hydrogen supply system for proton
exchange membrane fuel cells (hereinafter referred to as "fuel cell hydrogen supply
system" or "hydrogen supply system").
This Standard is applicable to the system in which proton exchange membrane fuel cells
provide hydrogen.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3634.1, Hydrogen - Part 1: Industrial hydrogen
GB/T 4208-2017, Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 6681, General rules for sampling gaseous chemical products
GB 12358, Gas monitors and alarms for workplace - General technical
requirements
GB 16808, Combustible gas alarm control units
GB/T 17626.2-2006, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Testing and
measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test
GB/T 17626.3-2016, Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement
techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
GB/T 18384 (all parts), Electrically propelled road vehicles - Safety specifications -
Part 1: On-board rechargeable energy storage system (REESS)
GB/T 20042.1, Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Part 1: Terminology
GB/T 24499, Technology glossary for gaseous hydrogen, hydrogen energy and
hydrogen energy system
GB/T 24548, Fuel cell electric vehicles - Terminology
IEC 61779-6, Electrical apparatus for the detection and measurement of flammable
Gases - Part 6: Guide for the selection, installation, use and maintenance of
apparatus for the detection and measurement of flammable gases
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 20042.1,
GB/T 24499, GB/T 24548 as well as the followings apply.
3.1 fuel cell hydrogen supply system
the device sum that supplies hydrogen for fuel cells, is related to hydrogen production,
storage and supply
3.2 hydrogen storage vessel
the container for containing hydrogen gas or hydrogen storage materials, excluding any
accessories placed or embedded inside or outside the container
3.3 hydrogen production material
the substances that produce hydrogen gas by themselves or with other substances
through physical or chemical processes
3.4 hydrogen production equipment
the device that produces hydrogen through a physical or chemical process of a
hydrogen-producing substance
NOTE: The device includes a filling port for the hydrogen-producing material.
4 System classification
The hydrogen supply system can be divided into:
- The hydrogen supply system for proton exchange membrane fuel cells, that stores
hydrogen as a gaseous element, is a system that stores hydrogen in a hydrogen
storage container and supplies hydrogen directly to a fuel cell. It includes the
following individual equipment or devices: hydrogen storage container, hydrogen
pipeline, stop valve, pressure reducing valve, pressure release device, heat
exchange device, monitoring device and other auxiliary devices, and so on. A
schematic diagram of the structure is shown in Figure 1. The pipe assembly in the
figure includes components, pipelines and joints that are in direct contact with
hydrogen or become part of the hydrogen supply system. It can be constructed
5.1.1 General
The fuel cell hydrogen supply system should meet the technical requirements for the
scale of hydrogen used in fuel cells and the quality of hydrogen and be reasonably
configured. The design, manufacture, inspection and acceptance of the single
equipment or devices, pipe fittings, materials used shall comply with the relevant
standards.
5.1.2 Vibration and Shock
The fuel cell hydrogen supply system should have a certain ability to resist vibration
and shock, so as to ensure that vibration and shock generated during normal use,
transportation or storage will not cause damage to various components of the hydrogen
supply system. The adverse effects of vibration and shock can be avoided by installing
anti-vibration devices, including vibration and shock generated by the unit and auxiliary
equipment in the system itself, as well as by the external environment.
After the hydrogen supply system has experienced adverse vibration and impact, it must
meet the requirements of 6.2.1 and 6.2.2. Precautions shall be in place to ensure the
safety of persons and property.
5.1.3 Material selection
The fuel cell hydrogen supply system should be compatible with hydrogen due to its
direct or indirect contact with hydrogen. The selected material should meet the
following requirements:
- It shall have necessary chemical stability under all conditions of use. Various forms
of chemical reactions will not occur in use to avoid the formation of hydrogen
pollution by these reactions. Hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen corrosion, stress
corrosion and other forms of corrosion shall be greatly avoided. The hydrogen
embrittlement resistance of the selected materials can be tested with reference to
ISO 11114-4.
- It can adapt to the changes of the physical environment of the hydrogen supply
system, meet the requirements of various mechanical properties, and maintain
stable mechanical properties under the conditions of use.
- Non-metallic piping and related fitting materials meet the specified requirements
of the corresponding standards.
- The selected materials meet the requirements of the overall life expectancy of the
hydrogen supply system.
- When the materials used are known to be dangerous under certain conditions,
manufacturers should take various precautions and provide users with the
necessary information to minimize risks to personal safety and health.
5.1.4 Electrical system
5.1.4.1 All electrical components and wiring of the hydrogen supply system should
meet the requirements for safe use of hydrogen in terms of mechanical strength,
insulation and current carrying capacity. The wiring harness direction should be
arranged reasonably. The clamping should be good. Try to avoid friction with adjacent
parts. An overcurrent protection device should be installed in the line.
5.1.4.2 The materials of electrical components should be able to meet the usage
environment of the hydrogen supply system. When selecting an electrical insulating
material, the mechanical strength, electrical insulating strength and thermal insulating
properties of the material should be considered. Provide protection even in the event of
fires and accidents.
5.1.4.3 Necessary measures should be taken for the components and parts of the
electromagnetic opening and closing used in the hydrogen supply system. Avoid
adverse effects with other electromagnetic equipment due to electromagnetic
interference.
5.1.4.4 The openings or joints of all electrical components of the hydrogen supply
system shall be protected from damage. Electrical components that have the risk of
sparking should be properly covered.
5.1.4.5 Electromagnetic waves emitted by electrical components should not cause
continuous and significant interference to the function of other electrical equipment.
5.1.4.6 To prevent damage and short circuit during the use of the electrical system, and
to avoid electrical sparks and other hazards to users or operators, lines should be
properly protected or guarded in an unobstructed location. The power interface should
be avoided to be located near the hydrogen inlet.
5.1.4.7 Conduct grounding inspections on electrical systems and wiring according to
the structural characteristics of the hydrogen supply system.
5.1.5 Installation
5.1.5.1 Before the installation of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system, various
certificates and technical documents of the individual equipment, pipelines and
accessories of the hydrogen supply system should be checked, and the installation plan
and relevant safety measures should be formulated.
5.1.5.2 It is necessary to fully consider the possible damage to the hydrogen supply
system caused by the use environment. Take necessary measures to avoid the safety
impact of heat sources, electrical appliances, batteries and other components that may
generate arcs on the hydrogen supply system.
5.1.5.3 The place where the hydrogen supply system may generate static electricity
b) Working temperature;
c) Relative humidity;
d) Storage temperature;
e) Service life.
5.1.6.2 It is recommended that the fuel cell hydrogen supply system should be able to
operate normally under the following environmental conditions:
a) Altitude: ≤3000m;
b) Ambient temperature: -10°C~50°C;
c) Relative humidity: ≤95%;
d) Storage temperature: -40°C~60°C.
5.1.7 Dynamic response
The hydrogen supply flow of the hydrogen supply system should meet the demand of
the fuel cell. That is, when the hydrogen supply pressure of the hydrogen supply system
reaches the required range, the hydrogen flow provided by the hydrogen supply system
can dynamically follow the demand of the fuel cell system to meet the hydrogen
consumption demand of the fuel cell system.
5.2 Functional requirements
5.2.1 Hydrogen supply capacity
The hydrogen supply system should be able to meet the hydrogen demand of the fuel
cell system within the available pressure range.
The hydrogen supply system should have overcurrent protection device or other
measures. When it is detected that the pressure in the hydrogen storage container or
pipeline is abnormally reduced or the flow rate is abnormally increased, the hydrogen
supply in the hydrogen storage cylinder can be automatically shut off. If an overcurrent
protection valve is used, the valve should be installed on or close to the main shut-off
valve.
The main shut-off valve, the one-way valve of the hydrogen storage container and the
pressure relief valve shall be integrated and installed at the end of the hydrogen storage
container. For multiple hydrogen cylinder systems, a manual shut-off valve or other
device should be installed at the end of each hydrogen storage cylinder. Each hydrogen
storage bottle can be isolated as required during hydrogenation, hydrogen discharge and
maintenance.
5.2.2 Hydrogen quality
flanges, gaskets, valves and joints. No visible air bubbles or foam can be generated at
all detection points within 3 minutes.
5.3.2 Leakage
Under 1.05 times to 1.1 times the rated working pressure, the hydrogen leakage per
hour of the hydrogen supply system should be less than 0.5% under steady state
conditions. Install at least one hydrogen concentration sensor at a suitable position
above the closed or semi-closed space where the hydrogen supply system is installed,
so as to monitor the leakage of hydrogen in real time and transmit the signal to the
hydrogen leakage alarm device.
5.3.3 Safety measures
5.3.3.1 Pressure protection
The system should have components to detect pressure. When the system detects that
the hydrogen supply pressure is lower than the minimum pressure specified by the
product, an alarm should be issued. When the system detects that the hydrogen supply
pressure is higher than the maximum pressure specified by the product, an alarm should
be issued. At the same time, shut off the gas cylinder valve to stop the hydrogen supply.
5.3.3.2 Pressure relief device
The system should have a pressure relief device. When the system pressure is greater
than the design pressure, the pressure can be released in time. To facilitate the operation
and maintenance of the hydrogen supply system, a manual pressure relief valve can be
installed as required.
5.3.3.3 Grounding performance
The system should have a grounding point. There should be obvious signs. It shall use
copper nuts for the grounding point. The resistance between the casing of the hydrogen
supply system, all accessible metal parts and the ground terminal should not exceed
0.1Ω.
5.3.3.4 Protection level
The protection level of the system should conform to IP53. When the degree of
protection test is completed, the system components shall show no signs of damage or
failure. There should also be no harmful accumulation of water in any part of the power
generation system.
5.3.3.5 Hydrogen leak detection, pressure relief device
5.3.3.5.1 Hydrogen concentration sensor alarm
The hydrogen supply system or its installation and use location shall be provided with
a continuous measurement and alarm device for hydrogen leakage concentration. The
hydrogen concentration sensor should meet the requirements of GB 16808 and GB
12358. The alarm device should be able to send out different levels of alarm signals
according to the hydrogen concentration. The level of concentration and alarm signal
can be determined by the user of the hydrogen supply system according to the specific
use environment and requirements.
Safety-related gas sensors should be selected, installed, calibrated, used and maintained
in accordance with IEC 61779-6.
5.3.3.5.2 Pressure relief device
The hydrogen supply system shall be provided with a pressure release device (PRD).
Take necessary protective measures at the outlet of the release pipeline to prevent it
from being blocked by foreign objects during use and affecting the gas release.
Hydrogen released through pressure relief devices should not:
a) Be directly discharged into closed or semi-enclosed space;
b) Be discharged to devices or spaces that are prone to static electricity;
c) Be discharged to exposed electrical terminals, electrical switching devices and
other ignition sources;
d) Be discharged to other hydrogen storage containers.
5.3.4 Electromagnetic compatibility
The fuel cell hydrogen supply system shall not generate electromagnetic interference
exceeding the specified level in its surroundings. In addition, the electrical equipment
of the hydrogen supply system should have sufficient resistance to electromagnetic
interference to operate normally in its working environment. The specific requirements
are as follows:
The electrostatic discharge immunity limit of the hydrogen supply system shall comply
with the requirements of test level 3 in GB/T 17626.2-2006. During the test, the sample
under test should not be damaged, malfunction or change state, but the indicator light
is allowed to flash. After the test, the system should work normally.
The radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation immunity limit shall comply with
the requirements of test level 3 in GB/T 17626.3-2016. After the test, the performance
of the equipment should not be permanently damaged or reduced, and the system should
be able to work normally.
5.3.5 Insulation requirements
The electric shock protection of the hydrogen supply system shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 18384.
● When the system hydrogen pressure is higher/lower than the set safety value;
● When the system detects that the temperature exceeds the design safety value;
● When the system detects an abnormal increase in flow or a rapid drop in pressure
in the hydrogen storage container or pipeline.
5.4.3 Startup time
For the hydrogen supply system that stores hydrogen in the form of elemental
substances, the startup time of high-pressure hydrogen storage is controlled by a
solenoid valve.
For the hydrogen supply system that stores hydrogen in the form of compounds, the
startup time can be determined according to the user's requirements, generally:
a) Under hot standby conditions, the startup time of rated flow from 0 to 80% of
rated flow should not exceed 10min. The startup time from 0 to 100% rated flow
is not more than 15min;
b) Under shutdown conditions and using fuel combustion to achieve heating of
hydrogen generation equipment, the startup time of rated flow from 0 to 80% of
rated flow should not exceed 45min. The startup time from 0 to 100% rated flow
is not more than 50min;
c) Under the shutdown condition and using the electric heating device to realize the
heating of the hydrogen generation equipment, the startup time of rated flow from
0 to 80% of rated flow should not be greater than 120min. The startup time from
0 to 100% rated flow is not more than 125min.
6 Test methods
6.1 Hydrogen quality
The detection of impurities in the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen supply system
can refer to the method specified in GB/T 3634.2-2011. The sampling principles and
general provisions of gas samples shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 6681. The
sampling point for hydrogen quality testing should be after the hydrogen cooling device
in the hydrogen supply system and before the storage container.
6.2 Safety requirements
6.2.1 Air tightness
The test medium is hydrogen, helium or other inert mixtures. It shall contain 5%
hydrogen or 10% helium, or other proven detectable content. If a medium is approved
by the relevant technical department, notified body or supervision department, it can
The electrostatic discharge immunity test is carried out according to GB/T 17626.2-
2006.
The radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation immunity test is carried out
according to GB/T 17626.3-2016.
6.4 Startup and shutdown
6.4.1 Startup and shutdown
Test the manual startup mode. Manually start or close the fuel system. Check if the
system starts or shuts down normally.
Test the remote startup mode. Remotely start up or shut down the fuel system. Check if
the system starts up or shuts down normally.
When testing the automatic mode, start up or shut down the fuel system regularly.
Check if the system starts up or shuts down normally.
6.4.2 Startup time
Take measurements as follows:
a) Connect the hydrogen supply system as required;
b) Record the time from starting the tested hydrogen supply system to meeting the
rated gas supply flow of the stack.
7 Identification
7.1 The production and installation position of the signs of the hydrogen supply system
and its individual equipment can be implemented with reference to the provisions of
GB/T 13306.
7.2 The content of the sign should be concise and clear, showing the main performance
parameters, indicators and requirements. Signs should be fixed in a conspicuous
position for easy viewing.
7.3 The main single equipment of the hydrogen supply system should be marked with
signs according to the needs.
7.4 The signs of hydrogen supply system and individual equipment shall include the
following contents:
a) Manufacturer's name and address;
b) Product models and trademarks;
Annex A
(Normative)
Sealing/venting tests of the sealed box
A.1 Test items
A.1.1 Sealing test of the sealed box
Completely seal the vent. Check whether there is gas leakage from the sealed box when
the related equipment of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is running/stopping.
A.1.2 Air exchange test of the sealed box
Fully open the vent. Measure the change of gas concentration in the sealed box when
the fuel cell application equipment is running/stopping.
A.2 Test methods
A.2.1 Gas for test
The gas for test is helium or nitrogen.
A.2.2 Sealing test of the sealed box
The steps of the sealing test are as follows:
a) Insert the test gas pipe, detector pipe, and pressure gauge pipe into the exhaust
hole of the sealed box. Then seal the vent hole completely;
b) Fill the sealed box with the test gas. After the gas gauge pressure in the box reaches
10kPa, keep this state for 5min;
c) After that, use a gas detector to detect whether there is a gas leak.
A.2.3 Air exchange test of the sealed box
After the test of A.2.2, open the vent and open the seal of the charge port. After that,
measure and record the concentration changes of the test gas in the sealed box every
30s. The measurement and recording shall be continued for 20 minutes or the gas
detector shall be used to detect no gas leakage.
A.3 Judgement standard
A.3.1 During the test of A.2.2, there should be no gas leakage.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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