GB/T 150.1-2024 PDF English
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Pressure vessels - Part 1: General requirements
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[Replaced by GB/T 150.1-2024] Pressure vessels -- Part 1: General requirements
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GB/T 150.1-2024: Pressure vessels - Part 1: General requirements---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT150.1-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 23.020.30
CCS J 74
Replacing GB/T 150.1-2011
Pressure vessels - Part 1.General requirements
Issued on. JULY 24, 2024
Implemented on. FEBRUARY 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 5
1 Scope... 7
2 Normative references... 9
3 Terms, definitions, symbols... 10
4 Failure mode... 14
5 Basic requirements... 15
Appendix A (Normative) Declaration of conformity and revision of standards... 36
Appendix B (Normative) Overpressure relief device... 38
Appendix C (Normative) Determine the design pressure of vessel by confirmatory burst
test... 67
Appendix D (Normative) Comparative experience design... 71
Appendix E (Normative) Analysis and assessment of local structure stress... 73
Appendix F (Normative) Risk assessment report... 74
Pressure vessels - Part 1.General requirements
1 Scope
1.1 This document specifies the general requirements for materials, design, fabrication,
inspection and acceptance of metal pressure vessels.
1.2 The design pressure applicable to this document is.
a) Steel vessels are not greater than 35 MPa;
b) Other metal vessels are determined according to the corresponding reference
standards.
1.3 The design temperature applicable to this document is.
a) Design temperature range. -269 °C ~ 900 °C;
b) The design temperature range of steel vessels is determined according to the
allowable use temperature range of materials listed in GB/T 150.2;
c) Other metal vessels are determined according to the allowable use temperature of
materials listed in the corresponding reference standards of this document.
1.4 The structural forms applicable to this document are.
a) The structural forms of steel vessels applicable to this document are determined
according to the corresponding provisions of this document and GB/T 150.2 ~
GB/T 150.4.
b) The structural forms and applicable scopes of the specific structural vessels and
aluminum, titanium, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, zirconium vessels within the
scope of application of this document shall comply with the corresponding
requirements of the following standards.
1) GB/T 151 heat exchanger;
2) GB/T 12337 Steel spherical tanks;
3) JB/T 4734 Aluminium welded vessels;
4) JB/T 4755 Copper pressure vessels;
5) JB/T 4756 Nickel and nickel alloy pressure vessels;
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential terms of this document
through the normative references in the text. Among them, for the referenced
documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates are applicable to
this document; for the referenced documents without dates, the latest versions
(including all amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 150.2 Pressure vessels - Part 2.Materials
GB/T 150.3 Pressure vessels - Part 3.Design
GB/T 150.4 Pressure vessels - Part 4.Fabrication, inspection and acceptance
GB/T 151 Heat exchangers
GB/T 567 (all parts) Bursting disc safety devices
GB/T 4732 (all parts) Pressure vessels design by analysis
GB/T 12241 Safety valves - General requirements
GB/T 12243 Spring loaded safety valves
GB/T 12337 Steel spherical tanks
GB/T 26929 Terminology for pressure vessels
GB/T 42594 Guidelines for classification on hazard of medium in pressure
equipment
JB/T 4734 Aluminium welded vessels
JB/T 4755 Copper pressure vessels
JB/T 4756 Nickel and nickel alloy pressure vessels
NB/T 11270 Titanium pressure vessel
NB/T 47002 (all parts) Clad plate for pressure vessel
NB/T 47011 Zirconium pressure vessel
NB/T 47041 Vertical vessels supported by skirt
NB/T 47042 Horizontal vessels on saddle supports
TSG 21 Supervision regulation on safety technology for stationary pressure vessel
3 Terms, definitions, symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 26929, as well as the following terms and
definitions, apply to this document.
3.1.1
Pressure
The force acting vertically on the unit surface area of the vessel.
Note. In this document, unless otherwise specified, pressure refers to gauge pressure.
3.1.2
Volume
The geometric volume of the pressure vessel.
Note. Calculated from the dimensions marked on the design drawing (without considering
fabrication tolerances) and rounded. Generally, it is necessary to deduct the volume of the
internal parts permanently connected to the pressure vessel.
3.1.3
Operating pressure
The maximum pressure that may be reached at the top of the vessel, under normal
working conditions.
4 Failure mode
The main failure modes usually considered in vessel construction are as follows.
a) Short-term failure mode. Brittle fracture, ductile fracture (such as plastic collapse,
local overstrain), excessive deformation, buckling.
Note. Excessive deformation may cause leakage of medium or loss of other functions at
flanges and other joints.
b) Long-term failure mode. Creep rupture, creep excessive deformation, buckling
instability, corrosion and erosion, environmentally assisted cracking.
c) Cyclic failure mode. Ratcheting or progressive plastic deformation, alternating
plasticity, fatigue, environmentally assisted fatigue.
5 Basic requirements
5.1 General
5.1.1 In addition to complying with the provisions of this document and GB/T 150.2 ~
GB/T 150.4, the design, fabrication, inspection and acceptance of steel vessels shall
also comply with relevant national laws, regulations, safety technical specifications.
Pressure vessels constructed in accordance with the requirements of this document and
GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T 150.4 can meet the basic safety requirements of TSG 21.The
standard declaration of conformity is in Appendix A. The overpressure relief device of
the vessel shall be in accordance with Appendix B.
5.1.2 The design, fabrication, inspection and acceptance of special structure vessels and
aluminum, titanium, copper, nickel, nickel alloy, zirconium vessels shall not only
comply with the provisions of 5.1.1, but also meet the corresponding requirements of
GB/T 151, GB/T 12337, NB/T 47041, NB/T 47042, JB/T 4734, JB/T 4755, JB/T 4756,
NB/T 11270 and NB/T 47011.Low temperature vessels shall meet the corresponding
requirements of GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T 150.4.
5.1.3 The design and fabrication organizations of the vessel shall establish and improve
the quality management system and operate it effectively.
5.1.4 The design and fabrication of pressure vessels under the jurisdiction of TSG 21
shall be subject to the supervision of the special equipment safety supervision agency.
5.2 Qualifications and responsibilities
5.2.1 Qualifications
The design and fabrication organizations of pressure vessels under the jurisdiction of
TSG 21 shall hold the corresponding special equipment production license.
5.2.2 Responsibilities
5.2.2.1 Responsibilities of the user or design client
The user or design client shall perform the following responsibilities.
a) The user or design client of the vessel shall submit the User’s Design Specification
(UDS) to the design organization in a formal written form, which shall at least
include the following contents.
1) The main standards and specifications on which the vessel design is based;
2) Operating parameters (including working pressure, working temperature range,
alternating load conditions, liquid level, pipe load, etc.);
3) The place where the pressure vessel is used and its natural conditions
(including ambient temperature, seismic fortification intensity, wind and snow
load, etc.);
4) Medium components and characteristics;
5) Expected service life;
6) Geometric parameters and nozzle orientation;
7) The possibility and cause of overpressure during the service of the vessel;
8) Other necessary conditions required for the design.
b) The user or design client of the vessel shall comply with the following provisions.
1) Consider the possible overpressure risk of the vessel.
2) When the pressure source comes from outside the pressure vessel and is
reliably controlled, the overpressure relief device may not be directly installed
on the pressure vessel; when the overpressure relief device cannot be installed
due to process or environmental factors, a system safety design method with
reliability not less than that of the overpressure relief device shall be used, to
prevent overpressure of the pressure vessel.
3) The user shall confirm that the overpressure relief device has been correctly
installed in the designated position before the first operation of the vessel.
5.3 Design requirements
5.3.1 General provisions
5.3.1.1 The vessel design organization (designer) shall strictly design the vessel
according to the vessel design conditions, which are provided by the user or the design
client; consider all possible failure modes of the vessel during use; propose measures
to prevent failure. The strength, stiffness, stability calculation of the pressure-bearing
components of the vessel shall be in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 150.3,
GB/T 151, GB/T 12337, NB/T 47041, NB/T 47042, JB/T 4734, JB/T 4755, JB/T 4756,
NB/T11270 or NB/T 47011.
5.3.1.2 For vessels with successful use experience and subject to cyclic loads, the design
may be carried out in accordance with this document with the approval of the technical
director of the design organization; the fatigue analysis and assessment may be
supplemented in accordance with Appendix C of GB/T 4732 (all parts), whilst meeting
its relevant fabrication requirements.
5.3.2 Loads
5.3.2.1 The following loads shall be considered during design.
a) Internal pressure, external pressure or maximum pressure difference;
b) Static pressure of liquid column, which may be ignored when it is less than 5% of
the design pressure.
5.3.2.2 When necessary, the following loads shall also be considered.
a) The dead weight of the vessel (including internal parts and fillers, etc.), as well as
Appendix A
(Normative)
Declaration of conformity and revision of standards
A.1 The formulation of this document and GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T 150.4 follows the basic
safety requirements stipulated in the national pressure vessel safety regulations; its
design criteria, material requirements, fabrication inspection technical requirements,
acceptance criteria are in accordance with the corresponding provisions of TSG 21.This
document and GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T 150.4 are all coordinated standards, that is, pressure
vessels built according to the requirements of this document and GB/T 150.2 ~ GB/T
150.4 can meet the basic safety requirements of TSG 21.
A.2 The revision of the standard adopts the proposal review system. Any organization
or individual has the right to make suggestions for the revision of this document. The
revision suggestions shall be submitted to the National Technical Committee for
Standardization of Boiler and Pressure Vessels (hereinafter referred to as the
"Committee"), in the form of "Table A.1 Standard proposal/inquiry form". The
Committee reviews the standard revision proposals received and incorporates the
adopted technical content into the next version of the standard, based on the review
results.
Appendix B
(Normative)
Overpressure relief device
B.1 General
B.1.1 When overpressure may occur in the vessel during use, an overpressure relief
device may be equipped according to the requirements of this Appendix.
B.1.2 The overpressure relief device of the vessel includes a safety valve, a bursting
disc device, a combination of a safety valve and a bursting disc device, etc.
B.1.3 The calculation formula for the safe relief volume in the event of a liquefied gas
fire is only applicable to liquefied gases, whose corresponding saturation temperature
at the maximum relief pressure is lower than the critical temperature of the medium.
B.1.4 The fire accident in this Appendix refers to an external pool fire in an open space
with good ventilation conditions; it does not apply to serious fire accidents such as jet
fire and fire in a confined space.
B.1.5 This Appendix does not apply to vessels containing refrigerated liquefied gases.
B.1.6 This Appendix does not apply to vessels, that may produce a sharp increase in
pressure during operation and whose reaction speed reaches a detonation state.
Note. Detonation refers to a phenomenon that is fundamentally different from the usual
deflagration, when the burning speed of a substance is extremely fast and reaches more than
1000 m/s.
B.2 Definition
B.2.1 Set pressure
The set pressure at which the safety valve starts to open under operating conditions is
the pressure measured at the valve inlet.
B.2.2 Design bursting pressure
The bursting pressure value of the bursting disc at the design bursting temperature,
which is set according to the working conditions of the vessel and the corresponding
safety technical specifications.
B.2.3 Maximum allowable accumulation pressure
The overpressure relative to the design pressure allowed to be reached by the vessel.
Note. When the maximum allowable working pressure is marked on the drawings and
nameplates of the vessel, the maximum allowable working pressure can be used instead of the
design pressure as the basis for overpressure.
B.2.4 Maximum relief pressure
The maximum pressure at the inlet of the overpressure relief device during the pressure
relief process.
Note. In the formula for calculating the minimum required relief area in this Appendix, the
maximum relief pressure uses absolute pressure.
B.2.5 Safe relief volume
The minimum relief volume required to ensure the safety of the vessel when
overpressure occurs.
B.2.6 Basic overpressure relief device
When multiple overpressure relief devices are set in parallel and graded, the
overpressure relief device with the lowest operating pressure and opened first.
B.2.7 Additional overpressure relief device
When multiple overpressure relief devices are set in parallel and graded, for
overpressure not caused by fire, overpressure relief devices other than basic
overpressure relief devices.
B.2.8 Auxiliary overpressure relief device
When multiple overpressure relief devices are set in parallel and graded, for
overpressure caused by fire, overpressure relief devices other than basic overpressure
relief devices and additional overpressure relief devices.
B.2.9 Back pressure
The pressure at the outlet of the safety relief device.
Note. The back pressure is the sum of the additional back pressure and the relief back pressure;
in the formula for calculating the minimum relief area in this Appendix, the back pressure is the
absolute pressure.
B.2.10 Relief back pressure
The pressure at the outlet caused by the flow of the relief medium, after the overpressure
relief device is opened.
B.2.11 Additional back pressure
The static pressure at the outlet caused by other pressure sources in the relief system,
before the overpressure relief device is opened.
B.3 General provisions
B.3.1 When a vessel is equipped with an overpressure relief device, the design pressure
of the vessel is generally used as the starting pressure of the accumulated pressure.
When the maximum allowable working pressure is marked on the design drawing and
nameplate, the maximum allowable working pressure of the vessel can be used instead
of the design pressure.
B.3.2 The overpressure relief device consists of one or more overpressure relief devices.
When set in parallel, it can be divided into basic overpressure relief devices, additional
overpressure relief devices, auxiliary overpressure relief devices according to their
functions; their operating pressures can be set in stages.
B.3.3 By reasonably setting the type of overpressure relief device, the operating
pressure (the set pressure of the safety valve or the design bursting pressure of the
bursting disc, the same below) and the relief area (the actual relief area of the
overpressure relief device shall meet the requirements of the safe relief volume of the
vessel, see B.7), ensure that the accumulated pressure in the vessel does not exceed the
maximum allowable accumulated pressure, as follows.
a) When only one overpressure relief device is installed on the vessel, the operating
pressure of the relief device shall not be greater than the design pressure of the
vessel (or the maximum allowable working pressure, when marked on the
drawing and nameplate). The actual relief area of the selected overpressure relief
device shall ensure that the accumulated pressure of the vessel does not exceed
the maximum allowable accumulated pressure. In the case of non-fire
overpressure, the maximum allowable accumulated pressure of the vessel is the
larger value of 10% of the design pressure (or the maximum allowable working
pressure, when the drawing and nameplate are marked) and 20 kPa. In the case
of fire overpressure, the maximum allowable accumulated pressure of the vessel
is 21% of the design pressure (or the maximum allowable working pressure, when
marked on the drawing and nameplate).
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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