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Basic dataStandard ID: WS/T 203-2020 (WS/T203-2020)Description (Translated English): (Transfusion Medicine Terminology) Sector / Industry: Health Industry Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: C50 Word Count Estimation: 46,479 Date of Issue: 2020-04-23 Date of Implementation: 2020-11-01 Older Standard (superseded by this standard): WS/T 203-2001 Regulation (derived from): State-health communication (2020) No. 7 Issuing agency(ies): National Health Commission WS/T 203-2020: (Transfusion Medicine Terminology)---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.Terminology for transfusion medicine ICS 11.020 C 50 WS People's Republic of China Health Industry Standard Replace WS/T 203-2001 Medical terms for blood transfusion 2020-04-23 release 2020-11-01 implementation Issued by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Table of contentsForeword...II 1 Scope...1 2 Basic terminology...1 3 Terms related to basic blood transfusion...2 4 Terms related to blood donation service...11 5 Terms related to blood transfusion technology...13 6 Terms related to clinical transfusion...18 7 Terms related to angiography...25 Index...29ForewordThis standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces WS/T 203-2001 "Terms of Common Use in Blood Transfusion Medicine". Compared with WS/T 203-2001, the main changes of this standard are as follows. --Adjusted the content structure of the standard, according to the GB/T issued by the National Standardization Administration in July.2016 13745-2009 "Discipline Classification and Code" National Standard No. 2 Announcement, which divides the terms of this standard into basic terms, There are 6 chapters in basic blood transfusion, blood donation service, blood transfusion technology, clinical blood transfusion and vascular science. The terms in each chapter are in accordance with The logical and progressive relationship of the concepts; --In order to facilitate the quotation and reference of this standard by other regions that use Chinese, some specific terms are expressed in the form of "notes". Names of other Chinese regions, such as voluntary unpaid blood donors are called blood donors in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan; --Add some foreign terms that have appeared in the practice of blood transfusion medicine in recent years, reflecting the latest development level of domestic blood transfusion medicine, such as Blood donor shielding, regional joint shielding, nucleic acid testing revenue, patient blood management and blood safety monitoring, etc.; - Delete the terms that do not have specific meanings in the blood transfusion industry, such as blood; delete other industries that have been clear, this standard uses Terms that the user should quote directly, such as antigen, antibody, etc.; deleted some of the terms that belong to this standard, but the concept is obvious Terms that are not easy to cause misunderstanding or ambiguity, such as preoperative blood sampling, blood storage refrigerator and blood bag, etc.; --It is one of the principles of the revision of this standard to be consistent with other current domestic blood transfusion standards as much as possible, but there are discrepancies in other standards. Definitions, or terms that are inconsistent with international consensus, are revised and improved in the form of "notes" in this standard; --This standard does not include terms related to hematopoietic stem cells and plasma-derived products; -Increase the Chinese and English index of terms, Chinese terms are arranged in alphabetical order of Hanyu Pinyin, and English terms are arranged in alphabetical order. Drafting organizations of this standard. Shanghai Blood Center, Beijing Red Cross Blood Center, Zhejiang Blood Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Blood Research Institute, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. The main drafters of this standard. Zhu Yongming, Gong Yuchun, Wang Hongjie, Lin Junjie, Liu Jiaxin, Lu Hangjun, Wang Deqing, Hu Lihua, Xu Zhong, Wang Naihong. The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are as follows. --WS/T 203-2001. Medical terms for blood transfusion1 ScopeThis standard defines the normative terms and their meanings of commonly used management and technical terms in domestic blood transfusion medicine. This standard is applicable to the quotation and interpretation of common terms used in blood transfusion in domestic blood transfusion medicine and related fields.2 Basic terms2.1 Transfusion medicine An important part of clinical medicine. Mainly research the basic theories related to blood and blood transfusion, blood immune mechanism and clinical treatment, technology Application and expansion of blood donation, blood donation service and blood quality, component transfusion and blood product application, prevention and treatment of blood-borne diseases, information In order to achieve scientific, safe, effective and accessible blood transfusion, research and promote new blood transfusion technology. Note 1.In July.2016, blood transfusion medicine was approved as a secondary discipline by the National Standardization Management Committee. Note 2.Under the "Transfusion Medicine", three-level disciplines "Basic Transfusion, Blood Donation Service, Blood Transfusion Technology, Clinical Blood Transfusion, Vascular Transfusion and Blood Transfusion" are established Other disciplines of medicine". 2.1.1 Basic transfusion medicine Mainly include blood transfusion immunohematology, blood group genetics, human leukocyte antigen, transfusion-transmitted diseases, blood substitutes and communication Research with blood etc. 2.1.2 Science of blood donation service It mainly includes the promotion of unpaid blood donation, the recruitment of blood donors, the establishment of a blood donor bank of rare blood types, consultation, management, nursing and services, etc. And follow-up related supporting services in all aspects. 2.1.3 Transfusion technology Mainly include blood collection, separation and preparation technology (including apheresis technology and hematopoietic stem cell preparation); blood transfusion-transmitted disease detection technology; White blood cell removal technology; blood irradiation technology; virus inactivation technology; blood cryopreservation technology; blood freeze-drying technology; blood transfusion compatibility test Technology; platelet matching technology; tissue matching technology; blood transfusion-related thrombosis and hemostasis detection technology; blood preservation and transportation technology. 2.1.4 Clinical transfusion medicine It mainly includes the application of whole blood, blood components, and blood products; clinical indications and contraindications for blood transfusion; pre-transfusion evaluation and post-transfusion efficacy evaluation; Blood transfusion care; adverse blood transfusion reactions and prevention; blood transfusion-related cell therapy; application of transfusion-related genetic engineering products; plasma exchange and apheresis Treatment; blood transfusion treatment of fetal or neonatal hemolytic disease and autologous blood transfusion. 2.1.5 Transfusion management Vascular transfusion includes blood station management and clinical blood transfusion management. Management at blood stations includes general blood station management and special blood station management; at blood stations Quality management and blood station laboratory quality management include organization management, resource management, business process management and program management; blood station information management Wait. Clinical blood transfusion management includes clinical blood management and blood transfusion department (hospital blood bank) management, including organization management, resource management, and blood transfusion treatment Whole process quality management, blood transfusion laboratory management, blood transfusion laboratory quality management, blood management, teaching training and scientific research management, blood transfusion ethics law Learning management and information management, etc. 2.2 Hospital blood bank Department of transfusion medicine Set up by medical institutions, responsible for clinical blood storage and distribution, and medical blood business guidance. The main responsibilities are. to establish clinical The blood quality management system promotes the rational use of blood in clinical practice; is responsible for formulating the clinical blood reserve plan, based on the early warning information of blood supply from the blood station and the hospital Coordinating clinical blood use in the blood inventory; responsible for blood booking, warehousing, storage, and distribution; responsible for blood transfusion-related immunohematology testing; Participate in the promotion of autologous blood transfusion and other blood protection and new blood transfusion technologies; participate in the consultation of special blood transfusion treatment cases, and provide consultation for the clinical rational use of blood; Participate in the investigation of adverse events of clinical blood use; participate in the development of blood treatment related technologies according to the needs of clinical treatment; undertake the tasks assigned by medical institutions Other tasks related to clinical use of blood.3 Related terms in basic blood transfusion3.1 Immunohematology 3.1.1 Blood group Any genetic polymorphism that can be detected in the blood can be called blood type, but blood type is usually limited to the polymorphism of blood cell surface antigen Sex, including red blood cell, platelet and neutrophil blood types. In unspecified cases, the blood type generally refers to the red blood cell type. 3.1.2 Blood group typing Confirm the antigen specificity of genetic polymorphism on blood cells. 3.1.3 Recalcification of plasma By adding enough calcium ions so that the original anticoagulant plasma containing citric acid or citrate anticoagulant such as ACD, CPD, etc., was added, the internal Acquired blood coagulation ability. 3.1.4 Collection A set of antigens that are related to genetics, biochemistry, or serology, but have not yet reached the blood group system standards, that is, the.200 series. usually The genes that determine the antigen have not yet been determined. 3.1.5 High-prevalence antigen series The frequency of red blood cell antigens is greater than 99% in the population and does not belong to any blood group system and collection. It is called the high-frequency antigen series, that is, the 901 series. 3.1.6 Low-prevalence antigen series The frequency of red blood cell antigens is less than 1% in the population, which is not suitable for any blood group system or collection. It is called the low-frequency antigen series, that is, the 700 series. 3.1.7 Red cell group system Classification according to the genetic relationship of red blood cell surface antigens. Not controlled by 1 locus or 2 to 3 loci with the same function The blood group antigens encoded or determined by the alleles belong to the same blood group system. Some blood group system genes directly encode blood group antigens The protein where the cluster is located, and some other blood group system antigens are carbohydrates, and blood group genes encode glycosyltransferases that catalyze the formation of these antigens. to make. 3.1.7.1 Agglutination Antibody molecules bridge between adjacent cell surface epitopes, causing them to form granular clumps visible to the naked eye. 3.1.7.2 Pseudo-agglutination Granular aggregation of cells caused by non-antigen antibody binding. 3.1.7.3 Rouleaux formation When using plasma expanders and abnormal plasma proteins, the red blood cells appear to be superimposed pseudo-agglutination under the microscope. 3.1.7.4 Cold-reactive agglutination Agglutination of red blood cells caused by cold antibodies. 3.1.7.5 Naturally occurring antibody;natural antibody Blood group antibodies that appear in the blood without obvious immune stimulation such as blood transfusion or pregnancy. 3.1.7.6 Unexpected antibody Anti-A and anti-B blood group antibodies in the normal ABO blood group. Unexpected antibodies were once called irregular antibodies. 3.1.7.7 Red cell reagent panel Used for accidental antibody identification, a selected group of red blood cells containing type O reagents with different antigen distributions. The reagent red blood cell group was once called It is panel cells. 3.1.7.8 A antigen N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) attached to the carbon 3 position of the fucosylated terminal galactose residue of substance H is the A antigen The immunodominant monosaccharide shows the activity of A antigen. 3.1.7.9 B antigen B antigen D-galactose (Gal) attached to the carbon 3 position of the fucosylated terminal galactose residue of substance H is the immunodominance of B antigen Monosaccharide, showing the activity of B antigen. 3.1.7.10 H antigen The blood group precursor substance terminal galactose first connects a L-fucose (Fuc) at the carbon 2 position to form H antigen, and the L-fucose residue is H The immunodominant monosaccharide of antigen, H antigen is the basis for the formation of A and B antigens. 3.1.7.11 Anti-A anti-A Only antibodies that agglutinate with antigen A. 3.1.7.12 Anti-B anti-B Only antibodies that agglutinate with B antigen. 3.1.7.13 Landsteiner's rule In the ABO blood group system, individuals over 4 to 6 months of age have plasma or serum containing A and B antigens that are lacking in their own red blood cells Of antibodies. 3.1.7.14 ABO blood group determination Detect the A antigen and B antigen on the surface of the red blood cell membrane with positive and reverse typing reagents, as well as anti-A and anti-B antibodies in serum or plasma, Judge ABO blood type through positive and negative stereotypes results. 3.1.7.14.1 Forward type Cell grouping Use anti-A and anti-B blood group antibodies to detect the presence of A antigen and B antigen on the surface of the red blood cell membrane to determine the blood group. 3.1.7.14.2 Reverse type Serum grouping Use A1 and B red blood cells to detect the presence of anti-A and anti-B antibodies in serum or plasma to determine the blood type. 3.1.7.14.3 Subgroup According to the serological characteristics of ABO stereotypes and the characteristics of blood group substances in saliva, type A and type B can be further divided into subgroups of A (subgroup of A) and subgroup of B. The A subtypes mainly include A1, Aint, A2, A3, Ax, Am and so on. The most common A subtypes are A1 and A2.In addition, A type also includes A antigen weak table Up to the phenotype. B subtypes mainly include B3, Bx, Bm and so on. 3.1.7.14.4 Cis AB type CisAB group Usually A antigen and B antigen are determined by a pair of alleles, and the characteristics of A and B antigens of cis AB blood group are determined by the same allele. The genetic characteristics of A and B antigens on red blood cells do not separate with the separation of alleles. 3.1.7.15 Bombay phenotype The non-secreted type lacking H antigen is called Bombay type (Oh). Although it has the normal ABO gene, A and B are not expressed on the red blood cell membrane There are no A, B and H blood group substances in secretions such as H antigen and saliva. The serum contains anti-A, anti-B and anti-H antibodies. 3.1.7.16 Para-Bombay phenotype The secretory type lacking H antigen is called the Bombay-like type. The ABO gene is normal, there is no H antigen on the red blood cell membrane, but a small amount of A and/or B can be detected Antigens, saliva and other secretions contain ABH blood group substances. Different Bombay-like phenotypes, serum contains anti-A and/or anti-B antibodies and weak anti-H antibody. 3.1.7.17 Rh blood group system The No. 4 blood group system named by the International Blood Transfusion Association is also the most complex blood group system, with high immunogenicity and complex polymorphism Sex, the clinical importance of blood transfusion medicine is second only to the ABO system. The antigens of the Rh blood group system are encoded by the RHD gene and the RHCE gene. 3.1.7.17.1 Rh antigen The Rh blood group system currently has 54 antigens (numbers RH1 to RH61, 7 of which are obsolete), all of which are derived from RHD genes and RHCE Gene coding (respectively express RhD (CD240D) and RhCcEe (CD240CE) proteins). Most of the clinically important antibodies in the Rh system It targets the five main antigens (D, C, c, E, e). 3.1.7.17.2 Rh haplotype Haplotype refers to a combination of alleles or genetic markers on a homologous chromosome. The Rh system has eight main haplotypes, divided into Don't be DCe, dce, DcE, Dce, dcE, dCe, DCE, dCE, where d represents the RHD gene that is missing or incomplete. 3.1.7.17.3 Rh phenotype Through serological tests, the identification of the presence or absence of certain antigens on red blood cells is called phenotype. Use anti-D, anti-C, anti-c, anti-E and anti-e, 18 phenotypes of Rh system can be distinguished. 3.1.7.17.4 D antigen Encoded by the RHD gene, a specific membrane protein antigen on human red blood cells that can only be recognized by anti-D. The surface of red blood cells carries normal RhD protein, or weak D, partial D and Del phenotypes caused by D antigen variation are called Rh positive (RhD positive). The deletion or inactivation mutation of RHD gene causes the deletion of D polypeptide on the red blood cell membrane, resulting in the deletion of all D epitopes, which is called Rh negative (RhD negative). 3.1.7.17.5 RhD typing Use anti-D typing reagents to detect the presence of D antigen on the surface of red blood cells. 3.1.7.17.5.1 RhD initial typing Use the IgM anti-D blood group antibody in the Rh blood group typing reagent to react with red blood cells in saline medium, and use the direct agglutination test to detect red blood cells Whether there is D antigen on the cell. 3.1.7.17.5.2 Rh negative confirmation confirmatory test for Rh negative Confirm Rh negative by excluding weak D. 3.1.7.17.6 Weak D A phenotype with reduced D antigen expression. 3.1.7.17.7 D variant The quantitative or qualitative change of D antigen is called D variant, which can be divided into weak D and partial D. 3.1.7.17.8 Del phenotype Del red blood cells express very low levels of D antigen. Conventional serological methods cannot detect the Del phenotype. Red blood cells of this phenotype can absorb and release Sankang D. 10% to 30% of D-negative individuals in the Asian population have the Del phenotype. 3.1.7.17.9 Part D partial D Red blood cells lack a part of the phenotype of D antigen epitope, which is manifested as a change in the nature of D antigen. Some part D is also "weak D", namely This is accompanied by a decrease in the number of D antigens. 3.2 Leukocyte Antigen System 3.2.1 Major histocompatibility complex; MHC A group of genes that encode proteins related to antigen presentation and cell-to-cell recognition, and sometimes also represents the molecules that this group of genes encode and express Or a complex composed of antigens, which mainly controls the body’s reactivity against foreign tissues or organs, and is closely related to tissue organ transplant rejection. It is called the HLA complex and is located on the short arm of human chromosome 6.MHC is divided into three regions, namely MHC-I, II, and III regions. 3.2.1.1 MHC class I region Located near the telomere of the short arm of chromosome 6, it mainly includes HLA-I genes, divided into HLA-A, B, C, E, F, G, MICA, MICB Etc., among which HLA-A, B, C are called classical HLA-I genes, which encode and express the heavy chains of MHC ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of WS/T 203-2020_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate WS/T 203-2020_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 4 ~ 6 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of WS/T 203-2020_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. 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