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Basic dataStandard ID: T/CSAE 151-2020 (T/CSAE151-2020)Description (Translated English): Electromagnetic compatibility test methods for electric vehicles Sector / Industry: Chinese Industry Standard Classification of Chinese Standard: T40 Word Count Estimation: 26,292 Date of Issue: 2020-08-07 Issuing agency(ies): China Society of Automotive Engineers TCSAE151-2020: Electromagnetic compatibility test methods for electric vehicles---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.T/CSAE 151-2020 Electromagnetic compatibility test methods for electric vehicles ICS 43.020 T 40 Group standard Electromagnetic compatibility test method of electric vehicle Drafting guidelines for commercial grades standard of Chinese medicinal materials 2020-08-07 released 2020-08-07 Implementation Issued by Chinese Society of Automotive Engineers Table of contentsForeword...II 1 Scope...1 2 Normative references...1 3 Terms and definitions...1 4 Abbreviations...3 5 General test requirements...3 6 Radiated emission test to protect the receiver outside the car...4 7 Electromagnetic radiation test to protect human body...6 8 Radio frequency conducted emission test along the AC power cord of the vehicle...6 9 Vehicle harmonic current test along AC power line...7 10 Vehicle voltage change, fluctuation and flicker test along the AC power line...9 11 Low-frequency electromagnetic field emission test...10 12 External radiation immunity test...12 13 Immunity test of simulated vehicle transmitter...14 14 Electrostatic discharge immunity test...17 15 Immunity test of electric fast transient pulse group conducted by vehicle along power line/signal line...19 16 Vehicle surge immunity test along AC power line...20 Appendix A (informative appendix) Classification of functional importance and classification of functional levels...21 Electromagnetic compatibility test method of electric vehicle1 ScopeThis standard specifies the EMC performance requirements and test methods for complete electric vehicles. This standard applies to pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell power vehicles and other electric vehicles that contain high-voltage electric drive systems. Vehicle (or simply "vehicle"). This standard does not apply to trolleybuses and wireless charging vehicles.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article Pieces. For undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document. GB/T 4365 Electrotechnical terminology electromagnetic compatibility GB 14023 Limits and measurement methods of radio disturbance characteristics of vehicles, ships and internal combustion engines used to protect receivers outside vehicles GB 17625.1 Electromagnetic compatibility limit harmonic current emission limit (equipment input current per phase ≤ 16 A) GB 17625.2 The electromagnetic compatibility limit is generated in the public low-voltage power supply system for equipment with rated current ≤ 16 A per phase and unconditional access. The limit of voltage change, voltage fluctuation and flicker GB/T 17625.7 The electromagnetic compatibility limit is caused by equipment with rated current ≤75 A and conditionally connected in the public low-voltage power supply system. Limitations of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker GB/T 17625.8 Electromagnetic compatibility limit The input current per phase is greater than 16 A and less than or equal to 75 A. Equipment connected to the public low-voltage system Harmonic current limit GB/T 17626.4 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology Electrical fast transient pulse group immunity test GB/T 17626.5 Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology surge (impact) immunity test GB/T 18387 Limits and measurement methods of electromagnetic field emission intensity of electric vehicles GB/T.19951 Test method for electrical disturbance caused by electrostatic discharge of road vehicles GB/T 29259 Road Vehicle Electromagnetic Compatibility Terminology GB/T 33012.2 Road Vehicles Test Method for Immunity of Narrowband Radiated Electromagnetic Energy Part 2.External Radiation Source Method GB/T 33012.3 Test method for immunity of road vehicles to narrow-band radiated electromagnetic energy. Part 3.Vehicle-mounted transmitter simulation method ECE R10 Uniform Provisions on Vehicle Electromagnetic Compatibility Certification EV-TEST (Electric Vehicle Evaluation) Management Rules China Automobile Health Index-Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) Test and Evaluation Regulations in Vehicles3 Terms and definitionsThe following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 4365 and GB/T 29259 apply to this standard. 3.1 SOC (state of charge) The ratio of the remaining battery power to the battery capacity, usually expressed as a percentage.4 AbbreviationsThe following abbreviations apply to this document.5 General test requirements5.1 Test site Low-frequency electromagnetic field emission test, radiation emission test to protect the receiver outside the car, immunity test outside the car, simulating the immunity of the vehicle transmitter The disturbance test and the electromagnetic radiation test to protect the human body must be carried out in a shielded room (ALSE) equipped with absorbing materials. Note. The electromagnetic radiation test to protect the human body conducted in a shielded room (ALSE) equipped with absorbing materials may not include the rapid acceleration and rapid deceleration mode. Electrostatic discharge immunity test, electric fast pulse group immunity test and surge immunity test need to be tested on the ground plane. The electromagnetic radiation test to protect the human body can be carried out in the rapid acceleration and deceleration mode on the outdoor flat and dry road. The outdoor road slope should be at Between -2% and 2%, the magnetic induction intensity in the measurement site environment should be less than 10% of the limit specified in the test plan. 5.2 Test temperature and humidity Test temperature in the laboratory. (23±5) ℃. Relative humidity in the laboratory. (20%～80%) RH, electrostatic discharge test (20%～60%) RH. 5.3 Equipment Measuring instruments and equipment should meet the relevant requirements and settings in the reference standards of each test item. Transmitting tests need to use the receiver for measurement. The receiver can use the fast Fourier transform (FFT) mode, such as the FFT mode Try, the receiver bandwidth setting should be consistent with the step sweep mode. Note. The residence time setting of FFT mode should consider the working cycle of the electrical and electronic components of the vehicle under test. 5.4 Test vehicle The test vehicle and its internal electrical components can work normally. The vehicle is required to be kept dry. If the vehicle needs to carry out the electromagnetic compatibility test in the charging mode, the power battery state of charge (SOC) should be maintained during the whole test process 20% to 80% of the maximum SOC (the power battery may need to be discharged when executing the next frequency band). If the charging current can be adjusted, Then the emission test charging current should be set to at least 80% of its rated value, and the anti-interference test charging current should be set to at least its rated value. 20%. Note. If allowed in the test plan, the emission test charging current can be set to 20% to 80% of the rated current. 5.5 Test plan and report The detailed test plan should be drawn up and completed at least before the start of the test, which should at least include. test items, environmental requirements, test layout, Frequency range, antenna polarization, antenna position, limit, monitoring method, vehicle working mode, eligibility criteria, test report content, any deviation Special instructions and changes to the standard test. Note. Some of the above terms may not correspond to all test items. The test report shall issue a detailed test report in accordance with the requirements of the test plan. In addition to the content contained in the test plan, it should also include. Test site, test equipment, test photos, and other related information that may affect test evaluation.6 Radiated emission test to protect the receiver outside the car6.1 Test method The test is carried out using the 10 m measuring distance test method. If there are no other regulations, the method specified in GB 14023 shall be implemented in the full frequency band of 30 MHz～1000 MHz. 6.2 Limits 6.2.1 Limits of average detector When the average (AV) detector is used for measurement, the limits are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1. Table 1 Limits of average detector 6.3 Limits of quasi-peak detector When using a peak (PK) detector/quasi-peak (QP) detector, the limits of the quasi-peak detector are shown in Table 2 and Figure 2. Note. The measurement result of the peak detector is lower than the quasi-peak limit, which can be directly determined to meet the limit requirements. Figure 2 Quasi-peak detector limit 6.3.1 Determination of measurement results If the test result margin is less than 2 dB, the test conditions should be kept unchanged to carry out multiple tests to reduce the impact on the test due to uncertain factors. The impact. 6.4 Test arrangement Unless otherwise specified, the test layout refers to GB 14023. Refer to ECE R10 for the test arrangement of the state of charge of the vehicle. 6.5 Test procedure 6.5.1 General requirements The vehicle is measured in three different operating modes, and the vehicle operating mode should be specified in the test plan. 6.5.2 Power-on non-operation mode Turn on the ignition switch to the "ON" state, the power system will not operate. The vehicle is stationary, and all electrical and electronic systems are in a normal energized state. All devices that can be opened by the driver or passengers, can be connected continuously, and have devices with internal oscillations greater than 9 kHz or devices with repetitive signals The equipment should be operated in its normal working state. Use the average detector to measure. 6.5.3 Vehicle operating mode The drive system is in operation, and all equipment that works for a long time and can produce broadband transmission should be turned on to make it work at the maximum load. Except for short-term working equipment (such as horns and window regulator motors, etc.). For vehicles with different driving powers, there are the following special requirements. a) For a vehicle driven by an electric motor, the vehicle is running at a constant speed of 40 km/h on an unloaded dynamometer or a non-conductive axle frame during the measurement. If the maximum speed is less than 40 km/h, run at the maximum speed; b) A vehicle driven by a hybrid power system should run at a constant speed of 40 km/h under the combined action of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine. in case If they cannot be driven together, the vehicles must be individually driven by internal combustion engines (multi-cylinders) at a speed of (1500±150) r/min. And driven by the electric motor alone at a constant speed of 40 km/h. If the maximum speed is less than 40 km/h, the vehicle will be transported at the maximum speed. Row. Use a peak/quasi-peak detector for measurement. 6.5.4 Charging mode (only for vehicles that support plug-in function) For electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, the vehicle needs to perform a state-of-charge test. During the test, all equipment that can be opened by the driver or passengers should be turned off. Unless the vehicle model supports only one charging mode, the DC charging mode and the AC charging mode should be tested separately. Note. AC charging connection mode charging mode 2 and charging mode 3 should be tested separately. Use a peak/quasi-peak detector for measurement.7 Electromagnetic radiation test to protect human body7.1 Limits Refer to GB/T 37130 and "Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) Testing and Evaluation Regulations in Vehicles" for the electromagnetic radiation test limits for human body protection. 7.2 Test arrangement Refer to GB/T 37130 and "In-vehicle Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) Test and Evaluation Regulations" for the electromagnetic radiation test arrangement for human body protection. 7.3 Test procedure Refer to GB/T 37130 and "Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) Testing and Evaluation Regulations in Vehicles" for the test procedures of low-frequency radiation emission to protect the human body.8 Radio frequency conducted emission test along the AC power line of the vehicle8.1 Test method The radio frequency conducted emission test along the power line of the vehicle in the 150kHz～30MHz frequency band shall be tested in accordance with ECE R10. When the vehicle can be operated under single-phase and/or three-phase AC power supply conditions, tests should be carried out under all possible power supply conditions. The on-board charger is directly connected to the public charging equipment, and the measurement port should be the on-board charger port, otherwise the measurement port should be a non-public device. Application port (such as. control box on the cable). 8.2 Limits The conducted emission limits of the vehicle charging system are shown in Table 3 and Figure 3.Peak detectors and/or quasi-peak detectors and average detectors should be used Take measurements. Note. The measurement result of the peak detector is lower than the quasi-peak limit, which can be directly determined to meet the limit requirements. If the test result margin is less than 2 dB, the test conditions should be kept unchanged to carry out multiple tests to reduce the impact on the test due to uncertain factors. The impact. 12.4.4 Sleep Mode There are inductive switches and radio frequency communication vehicles, it is recommended to carry out sleep mode testing. During the test, all devices that can be turned on continuously by the driver or passengers should be turned off, and the vehicle will enter sleep mode. 12.4.5 Charging status (only applicable to plug-in vehicles) Unless the vehicle supports only one charging mode, both AC charging (mode 2, mode 3) and DC charging (mode 4) should be tested. During the test, all devices that can be turned on by the driver or passengers that can be turned on continuously should be turned off. The test steps are. a) Arrange the vehicle and related equipment to the test location as required; b) The vehicle should run in accordance with the requirements of the vehicle state. If the drive system is required to run, the vehicle drive system should run for at least 5 minutes; c) Run the vehicle and its electronic equipment according to the test plan; d) Expose the vehicle to the interference level according to the test severity level specified in the test plan; e) One or more field strength probes can be placed inside or outside the vehicle during the test; f) The test should be completed according to the frequency, modulation, polarization, vehicle orientation and antenna position specified in the test plan. Any exceptions should be tested Specify in the test plan/test report; g) If the vehicle is operating abnormally, the sensitivity threshold and frequency point of the test unit should be searched for. Sufficient audio and video equipment should be used to monitor the performance of the vehicle's functional status during the test. Adequate network monitoring equipment should be used to monitor the network communication status of the vehicle during the test. Respond to simulations if necessary The signal is monitored to assist in the completion of the function status level determination or problem location. For short-time functions, the function status should be confirmed before and after the test, or the corresponding parts should be operated by the manipulator to make it work. Monitor during the test. 13 Immunity test of simulated vehicle transmitter 13.1 Test method If there is no special instructions for the immunity test of the simulated vehicle transmitter, the test method refers to GB/T 33012.3. Note. Commercial vehicles can selectively carry out simulated vehicle-mounted transmitter immunity tests based on actual conditions. 13.2 Test severity level and functional status requirements The test frequency band, severity level and functional state of the transmitter immunity test of the antenna outside the car and the transmitter immunity test of the antenna inside the car Please refer to Table 11 and Table 12 for state level requirements. Passenger vehicles can be tested selectively according to vehicle positioning and usage scenarios, and special-purpose vehicles can customize test conditions. Note 1.The type of transmitter takes into account the customer’s use of vehicle-mounted fixed intercom devices, portable intercoms, digital trunking communication systems, mobile phones, and automotive network connection modules Block usage scenarios, frequency bands are mainly based on the working frequency bands of relevant equipment in the Chinese market and the frequency bands used by Chinese telecom operators. Note 2.The transmitter type considers the use scenarios of portable walkie-talkies, digital trunking communication systems, mobile phones, Bluetooth (BT), and wireless broadband (Wi-Fi). The frequency band is mainly based on the working frequency band of relevant equipment in the Chinese market and the frequency band used by Chinese telecom operators. 16 Vehicle surge immunity test along AC power line 16.1 Test method The surge immunity test conducted by the vehicle along the power line shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 17626.5. When the test object can work under single-phase and/or three-phase AC power supply conditions, it should be tested separately under all possible power supply conditions. test. 16.2 Test severity level and functional status requirements Surge tests on the power, ground, signal and control ports of the relevant parts of the vehicle should be given priority to using the test severity levels specified in Table 17. And the ports and grades that should be applied should be specified in the plan. If not specified, only level 1 pulses are applied to the power supply port and the protective ground terminal. Namely. ±2 kV open circuit test voltage between ground and wire Voltage, line-to-line voltage ±1 kV, rise time 1.2 μs, dwell time 50 μs. The test voltage should be applied step by step. For each of the following angles. 0, 90, 180 and 270 degrees, each surge should be repeated 5 times, and each The interval time is 1 minute or less. Note. If you consider EV-TEST, it is recommended to set the time interval of each surge test to 10 seconds. The signal and control ports can be tested according to requirements. Note. The surge pulse test planned to be applied to the signal line can be performed with reference to GB/T 17626.5. The on-board charger is directly connected to the public charging equipment, and the measurement port should be the on-board charger port, otherwise the measurement port should be a non-public device. Application port (such as. control box on the cable). Table 17 Test severity level and functional status requirements 16.3 Test Arrangement The vehicle test layout refers to ECE R10. 16.4 Test procedure Before testing, the generator and coupling/decoupling network should be verified. Performance checks are usually limited to checking whether there is a surge pulse, whether there is There is a surge voltage and/or current. 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