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HJ 710.10-2014 English PDF

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HJ 710.10-2014: Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring. Large-and medium-sized soil animals
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Basic data

Standard ID: HJ 710.10-2014 (HJ710.10-2014)
Description (Translated English): Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring. Large-and medium-sized soil animals
Sector / Industry: Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard: Z04
Word Count Estimation: 15,169
Date of Issue: 10/31/2014
Date of Implementation: 1/1/2015
Quoted Standard: GB/T 10111; GB/T 4883; GB/T 7714; GB/T 8170; HJ 623
Regulation (derived from): Ministry of Environmental Protection Notice 2014 No. 74
Issuing agency(ies): Ministry of Ecology and Environment
Summary: This standard specifies the medium and large soil invertebrates Biodiversity Observation main contents, technical requirements and methods. This standard applies to the observation within the scope of People's Republic of China medium and large soil inver

HJ 710.10-2014: Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring. Large-and medium-sized soil animals


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Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring.Large-and medium-sized soil animals People's Republic of China National Environmental Protection Standards Technical Guidelines for the observation of large and medium soil biodiversity Soil animals Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring-large- and medium- sized soil animals (release draft) Issued on.2014-10-31 2015-01-01 implementation Issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection i Table of Contents Preface .ii 1. Scope ..1 2 Normative references ..1 3 Terms and Definitions .1 4 observations principle ..1 5 methods of observation ..2 6 observations contents and index ..4 7 observation time and frequency ..4 8 ..5 data processing and analysis 9 5 quality control and safety management 10 observation report prepared .5 Appendix A (informative) sample observation habitat feature records Table 6 Annex B (informative) plots of soil animals, sample recording table 7 Annex C (informative) botanical voucher specimen record label ..8 Annex D (informative) Table 9 Classification of Human Interference Appendix E (normative) data processing and analysis methods ..10 Write Annex F (informative) soil fauna observation reporting format .12

Foreword

To implement the "People's Republic of China Environmental Protection Law", "People's Republic of China Wild Animal Protection Law" to regulate Our observations of biological diversity, the development of this standard. This standard specifies the medium and large soil invertebrates Biodiversity Observation main contents, technical requirements and methods. The Standard Appendix A, B, C, D, E, F are informative appendix. This standard is the first release. This standard is developed by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Science, Technology organization. Drafting of this standard. Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Institute of Biological Sciences, Environmental Protection Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences. This standard MEP October 31, 2014 for approval. This standard since January 1, 2015 implementation. The standard explanation by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. 1 observation techniques guide the medium-sized soil animal biodiversity

1 Scope

This standard specifies the medium and large soil invertebrates Biodiversity Observation main contents, technical requirements and methods. This standard applies to the observation within the scope of People's Republic of China medium and large soil invertebrate diversity.

2 Normative references

This standard refers to the contents of the following documents or the terms. For undated references, the latest edition of To this standard. GB 10111 using random numbers dice random sampling method Analyzing and processing GB/statistical processing and interpretation of normal sample outliers T 4883 data GB/T 7714 after bibliographic references packet rules GB/T 8170 repair value expressed about the rules and limit values and judgment HJ 623 regional evaluation standards Biodiversity

3 Terms and Definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 Soil Fauna medium-sized soil animal/mesofauna It means a body of surface soil or litter to live in a wide invertebrate soil fauna of 0.1 ~ 2 mm. 3.2 Soil macrofauna large-sized soil animal/macrofauna It means a body of surface soil or litter to live in a wide invertebrate soil fauna of 2 ~ 20 mm. 3.3 Soil animal communities in soil animal community The summation of all the living environment of soil animal populations means, generally refers to a direct or indirect relationship between various biological Regular combined populations.

4 observations principle

4.1 Scientific Principles Observation plots and observing the object should be representative, covering major habitat type observation area should be limited observation area The better reflect the basic characteristics of the observation area of soil fauna, plots can not be set on the two communities in the transition zone. 4.2 operability principles Observation program should be considered owned by the human, financial and logistical support and other conditions, make observations feasible. Should be used High efficiency, low cost methods of observation. Global Positioning System (GPS) locator and so do a good job of positioning the sample identification. 4.3 principles of sustainability, Observations should meet the needs of biodiversity conservation and management, and to the protection and management play a guiding role in early warning. Observation plots, plots and samples, once established, can not be altered arbitrarily. 4.4 Principle of protection Insist on the protection of the first, as far as possible the use of non-invasive sampling method, to avoid frequent unscientific observation, resulting in large and medium soil Soil animal damage. 24.5 Security Principles Observation has certain characteristics of field work, the observer should receive professional training, good protective measures.

5 Methods of Observation

5.1 observation program 5.1.1 clear objective observation and observation area Observations target species in the region to grasp the soil fauna composition, distribution and population dynamics; or assessment of threats to Effects of soil animals and soil produced; or soil fauna and soil conservation measures and the effectiveness of policies, and proposes to adapt Management measures. In determining the observation target should be clear after the observation area. 5.1.2 determine observation target Soil fauna observation target for large and medium-sized soil surface and soil within the soil fauna, comprising. a) large soil fauna. earthworms (Annelida Oligochaeta), centipede (Arthropoda Chilopoda), millipedes (section Arthropods door diplopoda), spiders (Arthropoda Arachnida), beetles and ants (Arthropoda Insecta), etc; b) medium-sized soil fauna. soil mites (Arthropoda Arachnida), springtails (Collembola Arthropoda) and the like. 5.1.3 Data collected by the observation area, presented observational programs Observations collected objects ecology and population characteristics of information and observation area topographic maps, vegetation maps, climate, hydrology, soil Soil and other basic information, observation and formulate plans. Observations plan should include. observation target setting, plot, plots, sample points, Methods of observation, observation contents and index, observation time and frequency, data analysis and reporting, quality control and safety management. 5.1.4 Prepare observation equipment and instruments Including shovels, forceps, sample bags, plastic bottles, alcohol, poison bottles, saving liquid, toilet paper, ruler, plastic cups, quantitative Samplers, GPS locator, with a macro lens digital camera, observation records lists. 5.1.5 implementation of field observations Before the implementation of field observations, coping observer observation methods and practices of training, organize observation team. strict Georgia in accordance with field data collection practices, detailed records of all types of observational survey, the sampling process photo shoot, including plots, Plots, samples, habitats and specific collection and so on. 5.1.6 Analysis of data and preparation of observation reports The collected data collation, analysis and preparation of observation reports 5.2 Setting the observation plots and sample points 5.2.1 Observation Field Settings 5.2.1.1 using simple random sampling or systematic sampling method to select plots. 5.2.1.2 Simple random sampling. Dividing the observed area into grids, each grid is assigned a number, after determining the number of plots, A predetermined number of random samples, the corresponding number is grid-like arranged site. Random number can be used to get the dice Child, draw, check the table of random numbers approach. The use of a random number of dice See GB 10111. 5.2.1.3 Systematic sampling method. Press the environmental gradients such as altitude, water equidistant sampling. 5.2.1.4 plots should be chosen to cover the major ecosystem types. The number of plots shall comply with the requirements of statistics and consider people Force, capital and other factors. Individual plot area is usually not less than 1 ha (100 m × 100 m). 5.2.1.5 using GPS locator observation plots accurately locate and mark the location of plots on topographic map (like habitat Elements recording table see Appendix A). 5.2.2 sample plots and settings 35.2.2.1 random within each sample or even set up five representative plots, plots for each area of 25 m2 (5 m × 5 m), the distance between the plots usually more than 100 m (Fig. 2). 5.2.2.2 For medium soil fauna, in every kind of prescription provided four 20 cm × 20 cm evenly distributed samples (Figure 1). 5.2.2.3 For large soil fauna in quadrats set up two 30 cm × 30 cm uniformly distributed samples (Fig. 2). 5.3 Field sampling methods 5.3.1 Soil Fauna 5.3.1.1 each sample point within an area of 400 cm2 (20 cm × 20 cm) of plant litter collection bags loaded. 5.3.1.2 5.3.1.1 plant samples in each of the following litter collected two soil columns, each soil column section 20 cm2 (radius 2.5 cm), height (soil depth) 0 ~ 10 cm, respectively, into a plastic bag and placed in a cool place (if the conditions in the sample When refrigerated at any time) (see Appendix Records Table B), one for dry and one for wet soil animals were collected, according to HJ Sampling was carried out in 628 specified. Plots Plots Samples 1 medium-sized plots and soil fauna samples schematic layout diagram Plots Plots Samples

2 large plots of soil animals and sample a schematic layout diagram

5.3.2 soil macrofauna 5.3.2.1 Each sample point within an area of 900 cm2 (30 cm × 30 cm) of plant litter collection bags loaded. 5.3.2.2 5.3.2.1 Investigation samples below earthmoving plant litter 900 cm2 (cross-section) × 20 cm (soil depth) of soil sample. The entire soil of earth with shovels and other carefully quickly removed and placed on the floor next to a large plastic sheeting (or large Container), hand-picking method (with tweezers or gloves) in accordance with the provisions of the HJ 628, which will be sorted out and soil macrofauna Stored in the corresponding storage solution (see 5.4.5) in. 5.3.2.3 Setting the sampling trap. Using 7 cm diameter, 10 cm high plastic cups (disposable drinking cup) as a trap, Ethylene glycol or Torne's collection solution (1000 ml isopropanol, 30 ml of glacial acetic acid, 3 ml formalin) as a collector Paul 4 liquid reservoir, the amount of 1/3 to 1/2 cup, next to each sample soil unspoiled place (5.3.2.2 in the earth surrounding the plots, you can You can also borrow until after the earth), and push the litter, the following soil dug a plastic cup with a large volume of similar Small hole, insert the plastic cup buried in the cave, the cup slightly below the soil surface to about 0.5 cm, leveled soil around the plastic cups so that the soil Soil animals easy access to the cup, remove the plastic cups (see Appendix log table B) 48 h later. Trap settings should choose 48 h without rain the weather. Sampling was carried out in accordance with the provisions of HJ 628. 5.4 Sample preservation and processing methods 5.4.1 Sample Preparation Within the stipulated time of soil animals in soil samples in quantitative deworming equipment (high temperature gradient of soil animals bake worm installed Set) on the collection, the collection efficiency must be at least 90%. 5.4.2 Medium dry soil animal taxa The main section of soil arthropod animals. With a high temperature gradient Tullgren dry equipment (sieve mesh of 1.5 mm), the Animals soil from plant litter or soil samples separated. Collect temperature. plant litter samples from 20 oC beginning, Every 12 h increased 10 oC, 40 oC rise far lasted 24 h; soil samples from 20 oC, every 12 h increased 5 oC, Rose to 40 oC so far lasted 48 h. Ethylene glycol or Torne's collection solution (1000 ml isopropanol, 30 ml of glacial acetic acid, 3 ml formalin) were collected, and then transferred to 75% ethanol. 5.4.3 Medium wet soil animal taxa Mainly annelids, mostly living in the soil, the litter less. High temperature wet process equipment, soil animals from Soil samples were separated. Borrow from a soil sample collected for wet soil animals, 20 ~ 50 g (depending on the soil every kind Animal density may be, this conversion), add water, surface soil samples more than about 1 cm, collecting temperature 50 oC, duration 48 h. With water collection, and then transferred to 5 oC refrigerator and identified and counted within 2 d. 5.4.4 Dry soil macrofauna taxa With a high temperature gradient Tullgren dry device will plant litter samples of soil animals separated (the same way 5.4.2, but the screen mesh of 4 mm). Soil samples were collected in field research side method (see 5.3.2). The Trap After the cup removed, soil animal specimen collection cup and save it in the appropriate preservation solution (see 5.4.5). 5.4.5 sample preparation and preservation Soil fauna collected can be stored in 75% ethanol or permanent preservation solution (80 to 95% ethanol and a small amount of glycerol) (Small Arthropod soil fauna, soil insects and most other large soil fauna), formalin (earthworms), water or protection Liquid reservoir (Enchytraeidae) and anti-pressure specimen box (large soil insects). 5.4.6 Identification Using an optical microscope, dissecting microscope, dissection equipment as well as books, stuffed animals collected soil identified family or genus. Should identify the best retention period required to complete the various groups, in order to avoid classification of certain features disappear.

6 observations contents and index

Observing content and indicators of soil animals in Table 1.

7 observation time and frequency

7.1 observation period of vigorous growth for the soil fauna, the South (in the subtropical and the south region) 4 to May for the spring and autumn Season in October and November, the North (to the north and warm temperate regions) in the summer from June to August. 7.2 observation frequency of 1 or 2 times per year, once in spring or south in spring and autumn, the 1st, the northern summer 1 times. 5 Table 1 observation contents and index of soil animals Content observations observation method of observing Habitat characteristics Habitat types, soil, topography, hydrology, altitude And other basic data, status of quality habitat fragmentation The degree of human disturbance of habitats in the form and strength Degradation Check out the information, field investigation or direct measurement Characteristics of soil fauna Species composition sampling method The frequency of sampling method Sample density method Dry biomass method

8 Data processing and analysis

Data processing and analysis methods see Appendix E.

9 quality control and safety management

9.1 Data reporting Using legal units of measurement, measurement data only keep a suspicious figure, significant figures calculated by rounding rules GB/T 8170 implementation of the provisions. Analyzing and handling outliers and outliers executed according to the provisions GB/T 4883's. 9.2 Data Quality Control Observation methods and practices to deal with the training. The observer should have a field observation standards and related knowledge, proficiency Operating procedures, strict accordance with the norms faithfully recorded. Different samples in strict accordance with the analysis conditions, the accuracy of the analysis step, Equipment and other requirements to complete the measurement and analysis of the sample metrics. Writing record to be clear, when you need to correct, should Erroneous data (text) on the uniform horizontal line at the top of its content written on the right and on the underlined signature to take responsibility. original Start recording and data recording finishing process requires filing and archiving. Convert data into a variety of electronic documents, and make the necessary Backup. Every six months to check and update the backup data once, to prevent the problems caused by the loss of data storage media. 9.3 Security Purchase of the necessary protective equipment, supplies and emergency medicines, good security, to prevent snakes and insect bites, will When the observer must be vaccinated in advance. In ensuring the safety of the situation before observed, to avoid single job. Observing Reports prepared 10 Soil fauna observation report should include the introduction, before the observation area, observation method, the type of soil fauna observation area group A regional distribution, population dynamics, threats, suggestions and the like. Observation report writing format, see Appendix F.

6 Appendix A

(Informative) Observations like habitat feature recording table Standard features like habitat observations recorded in Table A. Table A sample observation habitat feature recording table Plot Name. plot area. Observer. Observation Date. Vegetation. dominant species. Community canopy density. COMMUNITY height. Lighting. Humidity. Temp. Weather. Geomorphology The main landforms. Longitude. Aspect. Altitude (m). Latitude. Slope. soil Soil type. Litter layer characteristics. thickness, delamination Soil. pH, organic matter, mechanical composition, etc. Habitat Quality Status. Fragmentation. The form and intensity of human disturbance activities. Or depth of the water table. Remarks. Reviewed by. Review Date. The date

7 Appendix B

(Informative) Animals soil plots, sample record form Standard plots of soil animals, sample observations recorded in Table B. Table B plots of soil animals, sample record form Likewise name (ID). Number plots. Number of samples. Observer. Observation Date. Community canopy density. Humidity. Temp. Weather. No. Chinese name Scientific name individual number density (Points/m2) Observing area Litter layer/soil Soil layer Remarks. Reviewed by. Review Date. The date

8 Appendix C

(Informative) Voucher specimens of plant record label Plant voucher specimens recording standard Table C. Table C plant voucher specimens record label Acquisition Number. Acquisition Date. Gatherers. recorder. Appraiser. Plot Name. Collection location (province, city, county). Habitat. Number plots. Number of samples. Longitude. Latitude. Altitude. Borne base. plant height. Plant traits. Chinese name and Latin name. Family. Common name or the name of the soil. PS. Remarks. Reviewed by. Review Date. The date

9 Appendix D

(Informative) Anthropogenic interference with activity classification table Standard jamming activity survey recorded in Table D. Table D anthropogenic interference with activity classification table Type of interference disturbance A. 1. The development and construction of real estate development; divided into strong, medium and weak, no four grades. □ Strong. habitat was severely disrupted; substantially eliminate vegetation Loss; wildlife habitat is difficult to reproduce. □ in. habitat disturbance; partial disappearance of vegetation, But the interference disappears, can still restore vegetation; wild animals Breeding habitat was affect......
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