GB/T 17481-2025 English PDFGB/T 17481: Historical versions
Basic dataStandard ID: GB/T 17481-2025 (GB/T17481-2025)Description (Translated English): Determination of choline chloride in feed additive premix Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: B46 Classification of International Standard: 65.120 Word Count Estimation: 9,922 Date of Issue: 2025-08-29 Date of Implementation: 2026-03-01 Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GB/T 17481-2008 Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China GB/T 17481-2025: Determination of choline chloride in feed additive premix---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT17481-2025ICS 65.120 CCSB46 National Standards of the People's Republic of China Replaces GB/T 17481-2008 Determination of choline chloride in additive premixed feed Published on 2025-08-29 Implemented on 2026-03-01 State Administration for Market Regulation The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement. ForewordThis document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents". Drafting. This document replaces GB/T 17481-2008 "Determination of Choline Chloride in Premixes". Compared with GB/T 17481-2008, except for the structure... Aside from adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. a) The detection limit for ion chromatography has been increased, and the quantitation limit for Reichstag salt spectrophotometry has been changed (see Chapter 1,.2008 edition, p. 1). chapter); b) A standard series of solutions has been added (see 4.2.8); c) The preparation of the sample solution has been modified (see 4.5.1, 3.5.1 in the.2008 version); d) The ion chromatography reference conditions have been changed (see 4.5.2, 3.5.2.1 of the.2008 version); e) Qualitative and quantitative requirements have been added (see 4.5.3.2 and 4.5.3.3); f) The experimental data processing was changed (see 4.6 and 5.6, 3.6 and 4.6 in the.2008 edition); g) Increased the shelf life of Reichelk salt methanol solution (see 5.2.5); h) The preparation of the standard series solutions has been modified (see 5.5.3, 4.5.3.2 of the.2008 version); i) The standard curve plotting and sample determination have been modified (see 5.5.4, 4.5.3.1 in the.2008 version). Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Feed Industry (SAC/TC76). This document was drafted by. Sichuan Well Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Guoliang Wuhan Scientific Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., and the National Animal Husbandry Association. Main station. The main drafters of this document are. Du Xueli, Tang Jiao, Su Shenglan, Zhang Fengping, Wang Boyuan, Zhou Jiemin, Chen Ling, Ma Huifang, Li Ming, and Lei Baoliang. Tian Haifeng, Wang Haiyan, Du Yan, Lu Jiawen, Song Jun, Yang Fashu, Sun Yangyang, He Yongchao. The release history of this document and the document it replaces is as follows. ---First published in.1998 as GB/T 17481-1998, and revised for the first time in.2008; ---This is the second revision. Determination of choline chloride in additive premixed feed 1.Scope This document describes the ion chromatography and Reichskewer salt spectrophotometric methods for the determination of choline chloride in additive premixed feeds. This document applies to the determination of choline chloride in vitamin premixed feeds and compound premixed feeds. The detection limit for ion chromatography in this document is 20 mg/kg, and the quantitation limit is 50 mg/kg; the quantitation limit for Reichske's salt spectrophotometry is... 5000mg/kg.2 Normative referencesThe contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included. For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies. This document. GB/T 6682 Specifications and test methods for water used in analytical laboratories GB/T 20195 Preparation of animal feed samples 3.Terms and Definitions This document does not contain any terms or definitions that need to be defined. 4.Ion Chromatography 4.1 Principle Choline chloride in the sample was extracted with water or chloroform-methanol solution, detected by cation exchange chromatography-conductivity detector, and analyzed by external standard method. Quantitative. 4.2 Reagents or Materials Unless otherwise specified, use only analytical grade reagents. 4.2.1 Water. GB/T 6682, Grade I. 4.2.2 Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA disodium). 4.2.3 Methanol. chromatographic grade. 4.2.4 Chloroform-methanol solution. Measure 90 mL of chloroform and 900 mL of methanol and mix well. 4.2.5 Methanesulfonic acid solution (24 mmol/L). Weigh 2.304 g of methanesulfonic acid into a 1000 mL beaker, add 800 mL of water, dissolve, and transfer to Dilute to volume with water in a 1000mL volumetric flask and mix well. 4.2.6 Standard stock solution (2 mg/mL). Weigh.200 mg (accurate to 0.1 mg) of choline chloride standard (CAS No.. 67-48-1, pure) Dissolve (with a purity of not less than 99.5%) in a 100 mL volumetric flask, dilute to volume with water, and mix well. Store at 2℃~8℃, shelf life 3 months. 4.2.7 Standard Intermediate Solution (100 μg/mL). Accurately transfer 5 mL of the standard stock solution (4.2.6) into a 100 mL volumetric flask, and dilute with water. Prepare and mix thoroughly. Prepare immediately before use. 4.2.8 Standard series solutions. Accurately transfer appropriate amounts of the standard intermediate solution (4.2.7), dilute and bring to volume with water, mix well, and prepare solutions of the desired mass concentration. The standard series solutions were 1 μg/mL, 2 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Prepare fresh before use. 4.2.9 Purification column. Polyvinylbenzene polymer reversed-phase packing, 1 mL. 4.2.10 Microporous filter membrane. 0.45μm, aqueous system. 4.2.11 Filter paper. Qualitative, rapid. 4.3 Instruments and Equipment 4.3.1 Ion chromatograph. equipped with a conductivity detector. 4.3.2 Analytical balance. accuracy 0.1 mg. 4.3.3 Water bath. 4.3.4 Ultrasonic cleaner. 4.3.5 Vortex mixer. 4.3.6 Nitrogen blowing device. 4.4 Samples Prepare samples according to GB/T 20195, at least.200g, crush them so that they all pass through a test sieve with a 0.425mm aperture, mix thoroughly, and load into... Store in a sealed container, away from light. 4.5 Test Procedure 4.5.1 Sample Solution Preparation 4.5.1.1 Vitamin premixed feed Perform two parallel tests. Weigh 1-2g of the sample (containing 0.01-0.2g of choline chloride, accurate to 0.1mg) and place it in a 100mL container. Add approximately 60 mL of water to a volumetric flask, shake well, place in a 70°C water bath for 20 minutes, sonicate for 10 minutes, remove, cool to room temperature, and dilute to volume with water. (V) Shake well and filter. Take 8 mL of the filtrate and pass it through a purification column (4.2.9) pre-activated with 5 mL methanol (4.2.3) and 15 mL water. Discard the unfiltered solution. Collect 3 mL of filtrate, filter the purified solution through a microporous membrane (4.2.10), and test. 4.5.1.2 Compound premixed feed Perform two parallel tests. Weigh 1-2 g (accurate to 0.1 mg) of the sample and place it in a 100 mL volumetric flask. Add 1-2 g of ED- Disodium TA, 60 mL chloroform-methanol solution (4.2.4), shake well, sonicate for 30 min, shaking once every 10 min, remove and cool to... At room temperature, dilute to volume (V) with chloroform-methanol solution (4.2.4), shake well, and filter. Accurately transfer 8 mL of the filtrate into a centrifuge tube and incubate at 40°C under nitrogen. Blow until nearly dry, accurately add 8 mL of water, vortex to mix, and pass through a purification column pre-activated with 5 mL of methanol (4.2.3) and 15 mL of water. (4.2.9) Discard the first 3 mL of filtrate, collect the purified liquid, filter it through a microporous membrane (4.2.10), and then test it. 4.5.2 Reference conditions for ion chromatography The reference conditions for ion chromatography are as follows. a) Chromatographic column. Weak acid cation exchange column, 250 mm in length, 4 mm in inner diameter, 8.5 μm in particle size, or equivalent; b) Guard column. Weak acid cation exchange column, 50 mm in length, 4 mm in inner diameter, 8.5 μm in particle size, or equivalent; c) Column temperature. 30℃; d) Eluent. Methanesulfonic acid solution (4.2.5), or an eluent compatible with the ion chromatograph; e) Flow rate. 1.0 mL/min; f) Injection volume. 25 μL. 4.5.3 Measurement 4.5.3.1 Determination of Standard Solutions and Sample Solutions Under optimal instrument conditions, standard series solutions (4.2.8) and sample solutions (4.5.1) were tested using the instrument. Choline chloride standard solution... The ion chromatogram of the liquid is shown in Appendix A. 4.5.3.2 Qualitative Qualitative analysis is based on retention time. The retention time of choline chloride in the sample solution should be the same as that of choline chloride in the standard series solutions (with equivalent mass concentration). The retention time is consistent. 4.5.3.3 Quantitative analysis A standard curve was plotted with the mass concentration of choline chloride on the x-axis and the peak area (response value) on the y-axis. The correlation coefficient should not exceed [a certain value]. The concentration of choline chloride in the sample solution should be below 0.99.The concentration should be within the linear range of the standard curve. If it exceeds this range, the sample solution should be... Dilute with water and re-measure. During single-point calibration quantification, the mass concentration of the analyte in the sample solution should not differ significantly from the mass concentration of the standard solution. More than 30%. The separation between the target peak and adjacent peaks should be greater than 1.5. 4.6 Experimental Data Processing The choline chloride content w in the sample is calculated using formula (1) for multi-point calibration and formula (2) for single-point calibration. The values are expressed in milligrams per kilogram. It is expressed as (mg/kg). w=ρ× V×1000 m×1000 ×f (1) In the formula. ρ --- The mass concentration of choline chloride in the sample solution obtained from the standard curve, expressed in micrograms per milliliter (μg/mL); V --- Volume of the sample solution, in milliliters (mL); 1000 --- Conversion factor; m --- Sample mass, in grams (g); f --- The dilution factor of the sample solution that exceeds the linear range of the standard curve. w= A×ρS×V×1000 AS×m×1000 ×f (2) In the formula. A --- The chromatographic peak area of choline chloride in the sample solution; ρS --- the mass concentration of choline chloride in the standard solution, expressed in micrograms per milliliter (μg/mL); V --- Volume of the sample solution, in milliliters (mL); 1000 --- Conversion factor; AS --- Peak area of choline chloride in standard solution; m --- Sample mass, in grams (g); f --- Dilution factor of the sample solution. The measurement results are expressed as the arithmetic mean of parallel measurements, and are retained to 3 significant figures. 4.7 Precision Under repeatability conditions, the absolute difference between two independent measurements and their arithmetic mean shall not exceed 10% of the arithmetic mean. ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB/T 17481-2025_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB/T 17481-2025_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB/T 17481-2025_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. 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