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GB/T 17421.1-2023 English PDF

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US$2844.00 · In stock
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GB/T 17421.1-2023: Test code for machine tools - Part 1: Geometric accuracy of machines operating under no-load or quasi-static conditions
Status: Valid

GB/T 17421.1: Historical versions

Standard ID	USD	BUY PDF	Lead-Days	Standard Title (Description)	Status
GB/T 17421.1-2023	2844	Add to Cart	12 days	Test code for machine tools - Part 1: Geometric accuracy of machines operating under no-load or quasi-static conditions	Valid
GB/T 17421.1-1998	RFQ	ASK	10 days	Test code for machine tools. Part 1: Geometric accuracy of machines operating under no-load or finishing conditions	Obsolete

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Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 17421.1-2023 (GB/T17421.1-2023)
Description (Translated English): Test code for machine tools - Part 1: Geometric accuracy of machines operating under no-load or quasi-static conditions
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: J50
Classification of International Standard: 25.040.20
Word Count Estimation: 166,191
Date of Issue: 2023-08-06
Date of Implementation: 2024-03-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GB/T 17421.1-1998
Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 17421.1-2023: Test code for machine tools - Part 1: Geometric accuracy of machines operating under no-load or quasi-static conditions

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 25.040.20 CCSJ50 National Standards of People's Republic of China Replace GB/T 17421.1-1998 General Inspection of Machine Tools Part 1.Under no load or Geometric accuracy of machine tools under quasi-static conditions (ISO 230-1.2012,IDT) Published on 2023-08-06 2024-03-01 Implementation State Administration for Market Regulation Released by the National Standardization Administration Committee

Preface III Introduction V 1 Scope 1 2 Normative reference documents 1 3 Terms and Definitions 2 3.1 Overview 2 3.2 Terminology of machine tool coordinate systems and motion nomenclature 2 3.3 Terminology of static compliance and hysteresis3 3.4 Terminology of linear axes 4 3.5 Terminology of the axis of rotation 12 3.6 Terminology of parallelism error and perpendicularity error of motion axis 17 3.7 Terms for other relationships between axis and average lines 22 3.8 Terminology for multi-axis motion inspection 23 3.9 Terminology of the geometric accuracy of machine tool surfaces, machine tool components and specimens 28 4 Tolerance 31 4.1 General 31 4.2 Tolerances of machine tool action surfaces, machine tool components and test pieces36 4.3 Additional restrictions related to tolerances36 5 Uncertainty of inspections, inspection methods and inspection tools37 6 Preparation 37 6.1 Installation before machine tool inspection 37 6.2 Status before machine tool inspection 38 6.3 Inspection devices and inspection tools 38 7 Machine tool static compliance and hysteresis inspection 39 7.1 General 39 7.2 Static compliance and hysteresis inspection of machine tools under external force 40 7.3 Static compliance and hysteresis inspection of machine tools under the action of internal forces 41 7.4 Static compliance and hysteresis inspection of machine tools with rotary axis 43 8 Geometric accuracy inspection of linear motion axes 45 8.1 Overview 45 8.2 Straightness error motion inspection 45 8.3 Linear positioning error motion inspection 50 8.4 Angle error motion test 51 9 Geometric accuracy inspection of the rotation axis 55 9.1 Implementation of ISO 230-7 55 9.2 Angle positioning error motion 55 10 Parallelism, perpendicularity, coaxiality and intersection of motion axes 58 10.1 Parallelism of motion axes 58 10.2 Coaxiality error of axis mean line 64 10.3 Verticality error of motion axis 67 10.4 Degree of intersection between axis average lines 74 11 Multi-axis motion inspection 75 11.1 General 75 11.2 Linear trajectories 76 11.3 Circular locus 76 11.4 Conical motion 83 11.5 Spherical interpolation inspection using spherical gage and linear displacement measuring instrument 84 11.6 The flatness error of the surface caused by the motion of two linear axes 85 11.7 Special inspection 86 12 Geometric accuracy of machine tool action surfaces---Inspection of straightness, flatness, verticality and parallelism 88 12.1 Straightness error of machine tool action surface 88 12.2 Flatness of machine tool table 97 12.3 Position and direction of action surface 105 12.4 Verticality error of motion, verticality error of line and surface 114 12.5 Radial runout of rotating parts 119 Appendix A (informative) Machine tool coordinate system and position and orientation errors 121 Appendix B (informative) Test piece testing 130 Appendix C (informative) List of changes compared with ISO 230-1.1996 version 132 Appendix NA (informative) List of changes compared with GB/T 17421.1-1998 version 140 Reference 153 Index 154

Foreword

This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents" Drafting. This document is Part 1 of GB/T 17421 "General Principles for Machine Tool Inspection". GB/T 17421 has published the following parts. ---Part 1.Geometric accuracy of machine tools under no-load or quasi-static conditions; ---Part 2.Determination of positioning accuracy and repeatability accuracy of CNC axes; ---Part 3.Determination of thermal effects; ---Part 4.Circle inspection of CNC machine tools; ---Part 5.Determination of noise emission; ---Part 6.Determination of body and surface diagonal position accuracy (diagonal displacement test); ---Part 7.Geometric accuracy of the axis of rotation; ---Part 10.Determination of measurement performance of CNC machine tool detection systems. This document replaces GB/T 17421.1-1998 "General Principles for Machine Tool Inspection Part 1.Geometry of Machine Tools under No-Load or Finishing Conditions" "Precision", compared with GB/T 17421.1-1998, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. a) Changed the scope of application of the document and specified the scope of inapplicability (see Chapter 1, Chapter 1 of the.1998 edition); b) Added a chapter of "Normative Reference Documents" (see Chapter 2); c) Added a "Terms and Definitions" chapter (see Chapter 3); d) Changed "representative line" and "representative plane" and replaced them with "reference line" and "reference plane" (see 3.4.12, 3.8.8,.1998 edition 5.2, 5.3); e) Align the definition of parallelism error and perpendicularity error of the motion axis with the parallelism error and perpendicularity error of parts and features. To distinguish, the former is represented by the angle relationship, and the latter is represented by the distance relationship. (See 3.6, 3.9, 10.1, 10.3, 12.3.2, 12.4, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.5.1, 5.5.2 of the.1998 edition); f) The tolerance requirements have been changed. The tolerance criteria clarifies the rules for determining qualified areas and unqualified areas, and clarifies the evaluation method of local tolerances. Law (see Chapter 4, 2.3 of the.1998 edition); g) Added a chapter "Uncertainty requirements for inspection, inspection methods and inspection tools" (see Chapter 5); h) The requirements for preparation work before machine tool inspection have been changed, and the pre-inspection inspection requirements, ambient temperature requirements, pre-inspection steps, and inspection devices have been clarified and inspection tool requirements (see Chapter 6, Chapter 3 of the.1998 edition); i) Added a chapter "Machine Tool Static Compliance and Hysteresis Inspection" (see Chapter 7); j) Added "Measurement Procedures" and "Data Analysis" content (see 7.2.3, 7.3.3, 8.2.3, 8.3.3, 8.4.3, 9.2.3, 10.3.2.5); k) Added explanation that optical instruments are sensitive to changes in air refractive index, as well as measures to deal with the impact of local bending (see 8.2.2.3, 8.2.2.4, 8.2.2.5, 8.3.2.1, 8.4.2.2, 11.6.2); l) The following inspection contents and inspection methods have been added. ● Linear positioning error motion inspection method (see 8.3); ● Angle error motion inspection, using the straightness difference measurement method (see 8.4.2.4); ● Geometric accuracy inspection of the rotation axis (see Chapter 9); ● Parallelism error inspection between two linear motion axes (in two planes). based on the measurement of two linearity error motions; line Parallelism error inspection between the axis of sexual motion and the average axis of the rotary axis or machine tool spindle. use a laser straightness interferometer Measurement/measurement with test ball and linear displacement measuring instrument; inspection of parallelism error between two rotary axes (see 10.1.2.2, 10.1.4.2, 10.1.4.4, 10.1.5); ● Coaxiality error inspection of the axis average line. fixed point runout measurement (see 10.2.2); ● Verticality error inspection of the two linear motion axes. Measure with a reference straight ruler and a reference indexing table; use an optical square ruler and laser Straightness interferometer measurement; use circle test and diagonal displacement to evaluate straightness error (indirect method) (see 10.3.2.3, 10.3.2.4, 10.3.2.6); ● Verticality error inspection between the linear motion axis and the average axis of the rotary axis or machine tool spindle (see 10.3.3); ● Verticality error inspection between the average lines of the two axes (see 10.3.4); ● Intersection test between average lines of vertical axes (see 10.4.2); ● Multi-axis motion inspection (see Chapter 11, except 11.3.4.2~11.3.4.4); ● Use the sequential three-point method to inspect the straightness error of the machine tool's action surface (see 12.1.3.5). m) The suggestion to add axial pressure to eliminate axial clearance in the measurement of verticality errors of motion and verticality errors of lines and surfaces has been deleted (see 1998 version of 5.5.1.2.1); n) Delete the restriction requirement in the radial runout test method of the inner surface that only applies to spindles with ball and roller bearings (see.1998 version 5.6.1.2.3); o) The following inspection content and inspection methods have been deleted. ● Angle measurement method for motion inspection of linear motion axis straightness error (see 5.2.3.2.1.5 of the.1998 edition); ● Use a coordinate measuring machine to measure flatness (see 5.3.2.5 of the.1998 edition); ● Indexing, determination of linear position deviation of screw drive components, angular clearance, cylindricity inspection (see 6.1 of the.1998 edition, 6.2, 6.3, 6.7); ● Use the specimen measurement method for roundness inspection (see 6.6.2 of the.1998 edition); ● Use the height gauge method to measure the consistency of the machining diameter in the work accuracy inspection (see 6.8.2.2 of the.1998 edition). This document is equivalent to ISO 230-1.2012 "General principles for inspection of machine tools Part 1.Geometry of machine tools under no-load or quasi-static conditions" Accuracy". This document has made the following minimal editorial changes. ---Added Appendix NA (informative). Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents. The publisher of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents. This document is proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Metal Cutting Machine Tool Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC22). This document was drafted by. General Technology Group Machine Tool Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai Machine Tool Factory Co., Ltd., Wuhan Heavy Machine Tool Group Tuan Co., Ltd., Chongqing Machine Tool (Group) Co., Ltd., Shenyang Machinery Group Kunming Machine Tool Co., Ltd., Shenyang Machine Tool (Group) Co., Ltd. Ren Company, Jiangsu High Precision Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd., Sichuan Pushningjiang Machine Tool Co., Ltd., Qinchuan Machine Tool Group Co., Ltd., Yantai Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. Ball Machine Tool Equipment Co., Ltd., Qizhong CNC Equipment Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Huile Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan Zhangli Machinery Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Yiyang Intelligent Equipment Technology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Yonglida CNC Technology Co., Ltd., Guangdong Kejie Technology Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd., Anhui Xinnuo Precision Co., Ltd., and Beijing Guangyu Dacheng CNC Machine Tool Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this document. Huang Zuguang, Zhang Wei, Chen Yanyan, Yu Chunping, Xue Ruijuan, Zhao Qinzhi, Lu Hua, Xu Haoli, Yu Kebin, He Chunshu, Tan Zhi, Liu Zhengdong, Yang Chengbing, Wen Xiaoni, Li Jun, Wang Jing, Li Shulin, Zhang Yuedong, Nie Yingxin, Hu Wei, Lu Yanhui, Han Jiguang, Tang Anwei, Zheng Yong, Li Tong, Li Qin, Yu Qijun. This document was first published in.1998 and this is the first revision.

Introduction

GB/T 17421 "General Principles for Machine Tool Inspection" is a general standard for machine tool inspection and establishes the principles and requirements for machine tool accuracy and performance inspection. GB/T 17421 is intended to consist of the following parts. ---Part 1.Geometric accuracy of machine tools under no-load or quasi-static conditions. The purpose is to standardize the operation of machine tools without load or quasi-static Testing method for geometric accuracy and working accuracy under certain conditions. ---Part 2.Determination of positioning accuracy and repeatability accuracy of CNC axes. The purpose is to standardize the inspection and evaluation of CNC machine tools Axis positioning accuracy and repeatable positioning accuracy. ---Part 3.Determination of thermal effects. The purpose is to standardize the inspection methods for machine tool ambient temperature, spindle and linear axis thermal deformation. ---Part 4.Circle inspection of CNC machine tools. The purpose is to standardize the inspection and evaluation methods of the contour characteristics of CNC machine tools. ---Part 5.Determination of noise emissions. The purpose is to standardize the noise testing methods of machine tools and related auxiliary devices. ---Part 6.Determination of body and surface diagonal position accuracy (diagonal displacement test). The purpose is to standardize the spatial accuracy of machine tools Testing method. ---Part 7.Geometric accuracy of the axis of rotation. The purpose is to standardize the inspection method for the geometric accuracy of the rotation axis of machine tools. ---Part 8.Vibration. The purpose is to provide a general procedure for machine tool vibration assessment. ---Part 9.Basic equations for uncertainty estimation of the ISO 230 machine tool inspection series standards. The purpose is to provide machine tool inspection Methods for evaluating measurement uncertainty. ---Part 10.Determination of measurement performance of CNC machine tool detection systems. The purpose is to standardize the inspection and evaluation of CNC machine tool detection systems performance approach. ---Part 11.Measuring instruments for geometric accuracy inspection of machine tools. The purpose is to provide machine tool geometric accuracy inspection and measuring instrument characteristics. information. ---Part 12.Finishing test pieces. The purpose is to standardize the evaluation of the characteristics of finishing test pieces of various types of machine tools. This document is Part 1 of GB/T 17421.It mainly specifies the geometric accuracy and working precision of machine tools under no-load or quasi-static conditions. It also provides the correct inspection principles, inspection requirements and inspection methods, and also provides the correct use of inspection tools, which can provide guidance for the accuracy inspection of various machine tool products. Provide evidence and guidance. This document has been revised to address the advancement of machine tool technology, measurement methods and measuring instruments, while eliminating the need for conflicts with other new regulations. Contradictions in test methods in the specification. Based on the actual machine tool accuracy evaluation requirements, it is necessary to clearly distinguish between the error motion of the trajectory and the defects of the functional surface/workpiece. Therefore, this document modifies the definitions of parallelism error and perpendicularity error of the motion trajectory in order to exclude straightness when observing machine tool motion. Errors; these definitions are different from the parallelism and perpendicularity errors that describe machine tool parts and features, for which perpendicularity errors and squareness errors are Linearity error directly conforms to parallelism error and perpendicularity error definitions derived from other standards such as ISO 1101. With the development of new measurement methods and tools, Appendix A of the previous edition became more extensive and became a separate part of GB/T 17421 standard. This document introduces new measurement methods and tools to adapt to higher precision measurements and achieve faster measurements. In addition, in order to align this document with ISO 14253 "Technical Specification for Product Geometric Quantities (GPS) Measurement and Inspection of Workpieces and Measuring Equipment" (so (Partially) remains consistent, and the relevant content of its measurement uncertainty is introduced. General Inspection of Machine Tools Part 1.Under no load or Geometric accuracy of machine tools under quasi-static conditions

1 Scope

This document specifies the inspection methods for the geometric accuracy and working accuracy of machine tools under no-load or quasi-static conditions. These methods are also applicable Inspection of other types of industrial machinery. This document applies to power-driven machine tools that process metal, wood, etc., which remove workpiece material through cutting or produce plastic deformation. For machining, not suitable for power driven portable hand tools. This document only involves the geometric accuracy inspection of machine tools, and does not involve the operation inspection (such as vibration, component crawling, etc.) and parameter inspection (speed degree, feed amount). This document does not cover the geometric accuracy inspection of high-speed mechanical movements where the cutting force is usually less than the acceleration force.

2 Normative reference documents

The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, the dated quotations For undated referenced documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. ISO 1 Geometric Product Specification (GPS) Standard reference temperature for product geometric specification and verification [GeometricalProduct cation] Note. GB/T 19765-2005 Technical specifications for product geometric quantities (GPS) Technical specifications for product geometric quantities and standard reference temperatures for inspection (ISO 1. 2002,IDT) ISO 230-2 General principles for inspection of machine tools Part 2.Determination of positioning accuracy and repeatability accuracy of CNC axes (Testcode controlledaxes) Note. GB/T 17421.2-2023 General Principles for Machine Tool Inspection Part 2.Determination of positioning accuracy and repeatability accuracy of CNC axes (ISO 230-2. 2014,IDT) Note. GB/T 17421.4-2016 General Principles for Machine Tool Inspection Part 4.Circle Inspection of CNC Machine Tools (ISO 230-4.2005, IDT) ISO 230-6 General principles for inspection of machine tools Part 6.Determination of body and surface diagonal positioning accuracy (diagonal displacement test) [Test Note. GB/T 17421.6-2016 General principles for machine tool inspection Part 6.Determination of body and surface diagonal positioning accuracy (diagonal displacement inspection) (ISO 230- 6.2002,IDT) Note. GB/T 17421.7-2016 General Principles for Machine Tool Inspection Part 7.Geometric Accuracy of Rotary Axis (ISO 230-7.2006, IDT) ......

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Question 5: Should I purchase the latest version GB/T 17421.1-2023?

Answer: Yes. Unless special scenarios such as technical constraints or academic study, you should always prioritize to purchase the latest version GB/T 17421.1-2023 even if the enforcement date is in future. Complying with the latest version means that, by default, it also complies with all the earlier versions, technically.