GB 5009.1-2025 English PDFUS$259.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 3 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. GB 5009.1-2025: National food safety standard - General rules of physical and chemical inspection Status: Valid GB 5009.1: Historical versions
Basic dataStandard ID: GB 5009.1-2025 (GB5009.1-2025)Description (Translated English): National food safety standard - General rules of physical and chemical inspection Sector / Industry: National Standard Classification of Chinese Standard: C53 Word Count Estimation: 13,190 Date of Issue: 2025-09-02 Issuing agency(ies): National Health Commission; State Administration for Market Regulation GB 5009.1-2025: National food safety standard - General rules of physical and chemical inspection---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB5009.1-2025 National Standards of the People's Republic of China National Food Safety Standards General Principles of Physicochemical Testing Published on 2025-09-02 Implemented on 2026-09-02 National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China State Administration for Market Regulation issued ForewordThis standard replaces GB/T 5009.1-2003 "General Rules for Physicochemical Part of Food Hygiene Inspection Methods". Compared with GB/T 5009.1-2003, the main changes in this standard are as follows. ---The standard title has been changed to "General Rules for Physicochemical Testing of National Food Safety Standards"; ---The sections "normative references" and "representation of temperature and pressure" have been removed; ---Added "Terms and Definitions" and "Requirements for Verifying Original Records"; ---The "General Requirements for Inspection Methods" and "Inspection Requirements" have been revised; ---Added requirements for "sample reduction" and "sample preparation"; ---The sections "Technical Parameters and Data Processing of Test Methods" and "Standard Titration Solutions" have been removed from the appendix; ---Added "Commonly Used Quantities, Units and Symbols" to the appendix. National Food Safety Standards General Principles of Physicochemical Testing 1.Scope This standard specifies the basic principles and requirements for the physicochemical testing of food safety in national standards. This standard applies to the physicochemical testing of food safety according to national standards. 2.Terms and Definitions 2.1 Method Validation Experimental activities that provide objective and valid evidence to confirm that a specific analytical method meets the prescribed requirements. 2.2 Standard Products A substance and its solution with definite characteristics or values, and possessing properties such as homogeneity, stability, and traceability. 2.3 Samples One or a group of products taken from the same batch and for which information about the batch can be provided. 2.4 Sample Samples prepared for one or more tests. 2.5 Sample Reduction The sample is reduced according to the prescribed method, while maintaining the representativeness of the sample. 3.General requirements for physicochemical testing 3.1 Inspection personnel 3.1.1 Applicants should have relevant professional education or training experience in physical and chemical testing, possess the corresponding abilities, and be able to understand and correctly implement testing. 3.1.2 Personnel should master the knowledge of safe operation of laboratory chemicals and comply with relevant safety measures and regulations during the testing process to ensure their own safety. 3.1.3 Personnel engaged in olfactory testing should not have olfactory impairments, and personnel engaged in color testing should not have color vision impairments. 3.2 Environment and Facilities 3.2.1 The laboratory's working area, overall layout, facilities and equipment, and environmental control should meet the needs of the testing work. 3.2.2 The experimental area should be physically isolated from the office area, and the sample pretreatment area should be effectively isolated from the instrument area. 3.2.3 The laboratory temperature, humidity, ventilation, cleanliness, illumination, noise, and vibration should meet the working requirements and not affect the accuracy of the test results. Accuracy. 3.2.4 The laboratory should be equipped with emergency facilities such as showers and eyewash stations in prominent locations, and should also be equipped with necessary first aid kits. 3.3 Test Methods 3.3.1 Selection of Test Methods 3.3.1.1 The appropriate method should be selected based on the scope of application, performance indicators, and relevant requirements of the test method standard. 3.3.1.2 When two or more test methods meet the requirements within the same scope of application, the laboratory may choose to use one based on the actual situation. 3.3.2 Validation of Test Methods 3.3.2.1 Before using a test method, the laboratory shall validate the test method to be used according to its intended purpose. 3.3.2.2 When the operating procedures are the same for all sample matrices to which the test method is applicable, at least one representative sample matrix should be validated; When a testing method has optional operating steps, the operating steps to be used should be confirmed. 3.3.2.3 Qualitative methods should, in principle, confirm the detection limit and specificity of the method. 3.3.2.4 In principle, quantitative methods should confirm the limit of detection, limit of quantitation, accuracy, and repeatability of the method. 3.3.2.5 The confirmation of the method performance parameters shall be carried out in accordance with standards such as GB 5009.295 or GB 31604.59. 3.3.2.6 The performance indicators of the laboratory-validated test methods should not be lower than those specified in the test method standard or should meet the intended use requirements. Require. 3.4 Reagents and Materials 3.4.1 Requirements for reagents and basic methods for expressing solution concentration 3.4.1.1 The water and reagents used in the test shall meet the requirements of the test method standard. They shall be selected according to the test method and the accuracy requirements of the test results. Different grades of chemical reagents. Key reagents that affect test results should meet relevant requirements. 3.4.1.2 For sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and ammonia water whose specific concentrations are not specified in the test methods, the concentrations of commercially available reagents shall be used (see Appendix A). 3.4.1.3 Reagent storage containers are generally made of hard glass. Strong alkaline solutions and inorganic element solutions should preferably be stored in polyethylene reagent bottles. The photosensitizing reagent should be stored in a brown or black reagent bottle. 3.4.1.4 Methods for expressing solution concentration a) The mass fractions of a mixture of several solid reagents or the volume fractions of a mixture of liquid reagents can be expressed as (1 1)(4 2 1), etc. b) Solution concentration can be expressed as mass fraction or volume fraction, such as "mass (or volume) fraction is 0.75" or "mass (or volume) fraction is 0.75". The percentage is 75%. Mass fraction and volume fraction can also be expressed in μg/g and mL/m3, respectively. c) Solution concentration can also be expressed as mass concentration, and its unit can be expressed as grams per liter or as an appropriate fraction (g/L or mg/L). (mL, etc.). d) If the solution is prepared by diluting another specific solution, it should be indicated according to the following conventions. 1) "Dilution V1→V2" means diluting a specific solution with volume V1 in a certain way, resulting in a final total volume of the mixture. V2; 2) “Dilution V1 V2” means adding a specific solution of volume V1 to a solution of volume V2. 3.4.2 Standards and Standard Solutions 3.4.2.1 The selection of standard samples should meet the purity or grade requirements for standard samples in the test method standard. Standard samples should preferably be selected based on the presence of standard substances. For products requiring a quality certificate, the certificate should include information such as metrological traceability, set values, and uncertainty. 3.4.2.2 When there is no standard for the target analyte, a high-purity chemical with clear purity information can be selected. 3.4.2.3 The preparation and dilution of standard solutions should be recorded to ensure traceability. The records should clearly state the name, mass or volume, and solution of the standard. The reagent, volume for making up to or diluting, storage conditions, and expiration date, etc. 3.4.2.4 The shelf life of the standard solution should be based on sufficient evidence, and stability tests should be conducted when necessary. Specific tests should be conducted in accordance with GB 5009.295 or... Comply with GB 31604.59, etc. 3.4.2.5 The preparation of standard intermediate solutions and standard working solutions should follow the principle of stepwise dilution, and a single dilution should not exceed 100 times. 3.4.2.6 Under normal circumstances, the standard sample should be weighed according to the actual purity. 3.4.3 Materials 3.4.3.1 The performance of the test materials shall meet the requirements of the test method standard. 3.4.3.2 Test materials shall be treated and their performance checked in accordance with the requirements specified in the test method standard. 3.5 Instruments and Equipment 3.5.1 Before using the instruments and equipment, it should be confirmed that their performance parameters meet the technical requirements of the test method standard. 3.5.2 Instruments and equipment should be placed in suitable environmental conditions and regularly cleaned, maintained, and serviced to ensure their working performance and operation. Safety. 3.5.3 Measuring instruments, temperature control instruments and equipment, and testing instruments and equipment that affect the accuracy of results should all meet the requirements of metrological traceability management. 3.5.4 The volumetric instruments used in the experiment, such as burettes, single-mark pipettes, graduated pipettes, volumetric flasks, micropipettes, colorimetric tubes, etc., shall be subject to the following regulations. The accuracy of volume measurement should meet the national standard requirements for the accuracy of glass measuring instruments of that volume. 3.5.5 Measuring instruments and utensils should be thoroughly cleaned before use. For the preparation and usage of commonly used cleaning solutions, please refer to Appendix B. 4.Sample and test specimen requirements 4.1 Sampling and Transportation 4.1.1 Sampling should follow the principles of representativeness and randomness. 4.1.2 When sampling, attention should be paid to the product's production date, shelf life, batch number/batch number, etc. 4.1.3 The sampling quantity should be sufficient to meet the requirements for inspection, re-inspection and sample retention. 4.1.4 Sampling equipment should be made of inert materials and should not cause contamination or other adverse effects on the samples. 4.1.5 During sampling and transportation, adverse effects on the samples and target analytes caused by ambient temperature, humidity, and light should be avoided. Sample deterioration, moisture absorption, water loss, damage, and cross-contamination, etc. 4.1.6 If the test method has special requirements for sampling and transportation, those requirements shall apply. 4.2 Sample Reduction and Specimen Preparation 4.2.1 Basic Requirements Sample reduction and preparation should ensure sample representativeness and avoid cross-contamination, sample deterioration, moisture changes, and changes in target analytes. Chemicals, etc. 4.2.2 Sample Reduction Except where all samples are used for test specimen preparation, sample reduction should be performed according to the following principles. a) Liquid, semi-fluid, and semi-solid samples. Homogeneous samples should be shaken or stirred before being separated; heterogeneous samples should be sampled and mixed at multiple points. b) Powdered or granular samples. After mixing, reduce the sample size using methods such as quartering, sampler reduction, or multi-point sampling and mixing; c) Solid samples that are small in size, numerous, and difficult to mix evenly. random sampling from multiple points; d) Solid samples that are large in size but small in number. symmetrical or equal division. 4.2.3 Sample Preparation According to the testing requirements, take the corresponding parts/areas of the reduced or unreduced samples and prepare test specimens according to the following principles. a) Food samples. Crush, homogenize, or mix until homogeneous; ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB 5009.1-2025_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB 5009.1-2025_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. 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