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GB 18285-2018: Limits and measurement methods for emissions from gasoline vehicles under two-speed idle conditions and short driving mode conditions Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB 18285: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB 18285-2018: Limits and measurement methods for emissions from gasoline vehicles under two-speed idle conditions and short driving mode conditions---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB18285-2018 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS Replacing GB 18285-2005, HJ/T 240-2005 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Gasoline Vehicles under Two-speed Idle Conditions and Short Driving Mode Conditions Issued on: SEPTEMBER 27, 2018 Implemented on: MAY 1, 2019 Issued by. Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation. Table of ContentsForeword... 4 1 Scope... 6 2 Normative References... 6 3 Terms and Definitions... 7 4 Inspection Items... 10 5 Inspection Procedures and Requirements... 11 6 Appearance Inspection... 15 7 On-board Diagnostic (OBD) System Inspection... 15 8 Exhaust Pollutant Detection... 16 9 Requirements for Data Recording, Storage and Submission... 19 10 Emission Monitoring of In-use Vehicles... 20 11 Implementation of the Standard... 21 Appendix A (normative) Two-speed Idle Conditions... 23 Appendix AA (normative) Technical Conditions of Two-speed Idle Emission Test Instrument... 28 Appendix B (normative) Steady-state Loaded Mode... 35 Appendix BA (normative) Stipulations on the Loading of Chassis Dynamometer ... 61 Appendix BB (normative) Requirements for Daily Inspection of Test Equipment ... 63 Appendix BC (normative) Requirements for Detection Software... 70 Appendix BD (normative) Inspection Data Items of Steady-state Loaded Mode ... 78 Appendix C (normative) Transient Loaded Mode... 80 Appendix D (normative) Simple Transient Loaded Mode... 113 Appendix DA (normative) Requirements for Daily Inspection of Test Equipment ... 145 Appendix DB (normative) Requirements for Detection Software... 153 Appendix DC (normative) Inspection Data Items of Simple Transient Loaded Mode... 161 Appendix E (normative) Inspection of Fuel Evaporative Emission Control System... 164 Appendix F (normative) On-board Diagnostic (OBD) System Inspection Procedures... 167 Appendix FA (normative) Technical Requirements for OBD Diagnostic Instrument... 172 Appendix FB (normative) OBD Inspection Data Items... 175 Appendix G (normative) Inspection Reports... 177 Appendix H (normative) Real-time Submitted Data Items... 1881 ScopeThis Standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for emissions from gasoline vehicles under two-speed idle conditions, steady-state loaded mode, transient loaded mode and simple transient loaded mode. Meanwhile, this Standard also specifies the methods and determination bases for the appearance inspection, OBD inspection and evaporative emission control system detection of gasoline vehicles. This Standard is applicable to the inspection for new produced vehicle at end of production line, inspection for register vehicle and inspection for in-use vehicle. This Standard also applies to other vehicles equipped with ignition engines.2 Normative ReferencesThe clauses of the following documents become clauses of this Standard through the references in this Standard. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version is applicable to this Standard. GB 5181-2001 Automotive Emission - Terms and Definitions GB 14762-2008 Limits and Measurement Methods for Exhaust Pollutants from Gasoline Engines of Heavy-duty Vehicles (III, IV) GB/T 15089-2001 Classification of Power-driven Vehicles and Trailers GB 17691 Limits and Measurement Methods for Exhaust Pollutants from Compression Ignition and Gas Fueled Positive Ignition Engines of Vehicles GB 17691-2018 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Diesel Fueled Heavy- duty Vehicles (China VI) GB 17930 Gasoline for Motor Vehicles GB 18047 Compressed Natural Gas as Vehicle Fuel GB 18352 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Light-duty Vehicles GB 19159 Automotive Liquefied Petroleum Gases3 Terms and DefinitionsThe following terms and definitions are applicable to this Standard. 3.1 Light-duty Vehicle Light-duty vehicle refers to vehicle of category M1, M2 and N1 with a maximum design total mass not exceeding 3,500 kg. 3.2 Vehicle of Category M1, M2 and N1 In accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 15089. Category M1 refers to passenger vehicles with no more than nine seats, including the driver’s seat. Category M2 refers to passenger vehicles with more than nine seats, including the driver’s seat, and with a maximum design total mass not exceeding 5,000 kg. Category N1 refers to goods vehicles with a maximum design total mass not exceeding 3,500 kg. 3.3 Heavy-duty Vehicle Heavy-duty vehicle refers to vehicle with a maximum total mass exceeding 3,500 kg. 3.4 In-use Vehicle In-use vehicle refers to vehicle that has been registered and obtained a license plate. 3.5 Vehicle Emission Inspection Vehicle emission inspection refers to various emission inspections carried out on vehicles in accordance with laws, regulations and standards, including inspection for new produced vehicle at end of production line, inspection for register vehicle, inspection for in-use vehicle and supervision test, etc. 3.6 Inspection for New Produced Vehicle at End of Production Line Inspection for new produced vehicle at end of production line refers to the inspection of new produced vehicles before they exit the factory or enter the country. It is also applicable to environmental protection inspection carried out in the sales process.4 Inspection Items4.1 The environmental inspection items of the vehicle are shown in Table 1. 4.2 The entry inspection of newly produced and imported vehicles shall be carried out in accordance with the inspection items specified in Table 1, and shall also comply with the requirements of other standards and regulations.5 Inspection Procedures and Requirements5.1 Inspection for New Produced Vehicle at End of Production Line 5.1.1 Manufacturers shall ensure that all vehicle pollutant control devices at end of production line are consistent with the contents of the accompanying list. 5.1.2 Manufacturers shall complete on-board diagnostic (OBD) inspection. The exhaust pollutant detection shall be subject to sampling inspection of at least 1.0% of the annual output of the model; the minimum size of the sampling inspection is 15 vehicles per year. For models with an annual output of less than 15 vehicles, each vehicle shall receive the inspection. The exhaust pollutant detection may choose any one of the methods in Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D (for vehicles, such as. full-time four-wheel drive and timely four-wheel drive that cannot manually switch the two-wheel drive mode, the two-speed idle method may be adopted) for emission detection. 5.1.3 The inspection procedures for new produced vehicle at end of production line are shown in Figure 1.The inspection information shall be submitted in accordance with the stipulations of Appendix H. 5.1.4 The competent department of ecological environment may carry out all inspection contents of appearance inspection, OBD inspection and exhaust pollutant inspection on the vehicle at end of production line. The appearance inspection shall focus on checking whether the vehicle pollution device is consistent with the content of the accompanying list. 5.1.5 For imported vehicles, the inspection for new produced vehicle at end of production line shall be completed before entry, and the inspection information shall be submitted to the competent department of ecological environment. 5.2 The registration inspection items shall comply with the stipulations of Table 1; the information shall be submitted in accordance with the stipulations of Appendix H. See the inspection procedures in Figure 2. 5.3 The inspection items of in-use vehicles shall comply with the stipulations of Table 1.Before the inspection, an environmental protection online verification shall be carried out to check whether the vehicle has a record of environmental protection violations. In accordance with the stipulations of Appendix H, submit the information. See the inspection procedures in Figure 3.6 Appearance Inspection6.1 Inspection for New Produced Vehicle at End of Production Line 6.1.1 Check whether the pollution control device of the vehicle is consistent with the content of the accompanying list of environmental protection information. 6.2 Registration 6.2.1 Check whether the content of the accompanying list of environmental protection information is consistent with the information disclosure. 6.2.2 Check whether the pollution control device of the vehicle is consistent with the accompanying list of environmental protection information. 6.3 In-use Vehicle 6.3.1 Check whether the condition of the vehicle under inspection is normal. If there is any abnormality, the owner shall be requested to repair it. 6.3.2 Check whether the vehicle manifests engine oil burning or serious emission of black smoke. If so, the owner shall be requested to repair it. 6.3.3 Check whether the connection of the connecting pipes of the evaporative emission control system is correct and complete. If ageing, fracturing, damage or blockage is found, the owner shall be requested to repair it. This inspection is not required for mono-fuel vehicles. 6.3.4 Check whether the appearance of the engine exhaust pipe, exhaust muffler and exhaust post-treatment device, and whether the installation and fastening parts are in good condition. If corrosion, air leakage, damage or looseness is found, the owner shall be requested to repair it. 6.3.5 Check whether the vehicle is equipped with an OBD system. 6.3.6 Determine whether the vehicle is suitable for the simple driving mode detection, if not (such as. full-time four-wheel drive and timely four-wheel drive that cannot manually switch the two-wheel drive mode), it shall be marked. If the simple driving mode detection is conducted, it shall be confirmed whether there is foreign matter on the surface of the vehicle tires. 6.3.7 During the inspection for altered registration and transferred registration, check whether the pollution control device is in good condition.7 On-board Diagnostic (OBD) System Inspection7.1 New Produced Vehicle at End of Production Line 7.2 Registration 7.3 In-use Vehicle 7.3.1 For in-use vehicles equipped with the OBD system, after completing the appearance inspection, the OBD diagnostic instrument shall be connected for OBD inspection. During the subsequent pollutant emission inspection, the OBD diagnostic instrument must not be disconnected. 7.3.2 The OBD inspection items include. fault indicator status, fault indicator status actually read by the diagnostic instrument, fault code, traveled distance after the MIL light is on and diagnostic readiness value. The specific inspection procedures shall comply with the stipulations of Appendix F. 7.3.3 If the fault indicator fault (including circuit fault), fault indicator activation, communication fault between the vehicle and the OBD diagnostic instrument, and instrument panel fault indicator status of the vehicle are inconsistent with the fault indicator status recorded in ECU, the vehicle shall be determined as disqualified in the OBD inspection. If more than 2 items of diagnostic readiness are not completed, the owner shall be requested to conduct a re- inspection after the vehicle has been fully driven. 7.3.4 The inspection institution shall use the computer data management system to store the OBD data of all inspected vehicles, and must not tamper with the data. 7.3.5 The OBD diagnostic instrument shall be able to implement real-time automatic transmission of OBD inspection data. As part of the emission inspection, the information obtained by the OBD shall be automatically saved to the computer system. 7.3.6 For in-use vehicles that require the allocation of an on-board remote emission management terminal, check whether the communication of the device is normal. 7.3.7 If the pollution control device of the vehicle is removed, and the OBD fault indicator light does not light up to issue an alarm, the OBD of the vehicle shall be deemed to be disqualified.8 Exhaust Pollutant Detection8.1 Emission Limits and Measurement Methods 8.1.2 Registration and in-use vehicle 8.2 Result Determination 8.2.1 If any of the pollutants in the detection results does not satisfy the limit requirements, it shall be determined as disqualified in the vehicle emission inspection. 8.2.2 If the excess air coefficient of the two-speed idle conditions exceeds the control range required in 8.1.2.2, the vehicle emission inspection result shall also be determined as disqualified. 8.2.3 For light-duty vehicles manufactured after July 1, 2011 and heavy-duty vehicles manufactured after July 1, 2013, if they are disqualified in the OBD inspection, the emission inspection result shall be determined as disqualified. 8.2.4 After the inspection is completed, a motor vehicle environmental protection inspection report shall be issued. The report format is shown in Appendix G of this Standard. 8.2.5 During the emission inspection, failure strategies that reduce the efficacy of the emission control devices are prohibited, and all tampering with the pollution control devices is considered to be disqualified in the emission inspection.9 Requirements for Data Recording, Storage and Submission9.1 The OBD inspection (if applicable), exhaust inspection information and excess air coefficient () inspection information shall be automatically detected, recorded, transmitted, stored and determined in real time through the computer system. The appearance inspection information shall be recorded and stored through the computer system. The results of instrument inspection and verification (including calibration) required in the Standard shall be automatically stored in the computer system for easy inquiry by the competent department of ecological environment. The recorded and stored contents shall at least include those listed in 9.2 The inspection institution shall transmit inspection information in real time to the competent department of ecological environment. 9.3 The lower-level competent department of ecological environment shall submit the inspection information to the higher-level competent department of ecological environment in real time or on a regular basis in accordance with the contents specified in Appendix G and Appendix H. 9.4 The storage life of paper files of the inspection reports shall be no less than 6 years; the storage life of electronic files shall be no less than 10 years. 9.5 During the inspection (including OBD inspection), if it is found that the emission of a certain vehicle model intensively exceeds the standard, the competent department of ecological environment shall properly keep records and collect evidences; fill in the Environmental Protection Inspection Record Form for Concentrated Excessive Vehicle Models (Appendix G) and submit it to the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council. Meanwhile, the recorded information shall be reported to the higher-level competent department of ecological environment, as well as the public security traffic management department and the market supervision department at the same level. 9.6 The inspection information of the automobile manufacturers at end of production line shall be automatically detected, recorded, transmitted and stored in real time through the computer system, and shall be submitted online to the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council. 9.7 The inspection information of imported vehicles at end of production line shall be submitted to the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council before entry.10 Emission Monitoring of In-use Vehicles10.1 Since the date of implementation of this Standard, the emission inspection of in-use vehicles (including regular emission inspection and supervisory sampling inspection) shall comply with the requirements of this Standard. 10.2 The supervisory sampling inspection of in-use vehicles by the competent department of ecological environment at or above the county level may be carried out in centralized parking areas and maintenance areas of the motor vehicles, and on actual roads. The content of the sampling inspection may include exhaust detection and OBD inspection, and inspection of pollution control devices and accompanying lists, etc. When the two-speed idle conditions are used for the supervisory sampling inspection of the vehicle, 1.1 times of the limit specified in this Standard may be adopted for determination. 10.3 The registration inspection shall include appearance inspection, OBD inspection and exhaust detection. Vehicles that comply with the inspection exemption shall comply with the relevant regulations on inspection exemption. The environmental protection inspection for vehicles with altered registration or transferred registration shall be conducted in accordance with the regulations of the local government, but at least the inspection of pollution control devices and the OBD inspection (if applicable) shall be conducted. 10.4 For vehicles that are equipped with the on-board remote emission management terminal and submit the emission-related data to the competent department of ecological environment in real time as required, the provincial competent department of ecological environment may exempt them from the environmental protection online inspection in accordance with the submitted data.11 Implementation of the Standard11.1 This Standard shall be implemented since May 1, 2019.The periodic environmental protection inspection of vehicles carried out nationwide shall adopt the simple driving mode conditions specified in this Standard. For vehicles that cannot use the simple driving mode conditions, the two-speed idle conditions specified in this Standard may be adopted. 11.1.1 The inspection of newly produced vehicle at end of production line shall be implemented since November 1, 2019. 11.1.2 The registration inspection and OBD inspection of in-use vehicles shall merely be conducted and reported since May 1, 2019, and be implemented since November 1, 2019. 11.1.3 The specific time for the nationwide implementation of Limit b specified in this Standard will be announced by the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council. 11.2 Since the date of implementation of this Standard, the existing relevant local standards on emission inspection shall be abolished. 11.3 The implementation of this Standard shall be supervised by the competent department of ecological environment of the State Council. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. |
