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GB 18176-2016: Limits and measurement methods for emissions of pollutants from mopeds on the running mode (CHINA stage IV) Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB 18176: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB 18176-2016: Limits and measurement methods for emissions of pollutants from mopeds on the running mode (CHINA stage IV)---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB18176-2016 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 13.040.50 Z 64 Replacing GB 18176-2007 and GB 20998-2007; partially replacing GB 14621-2011 Limits and measurement methods for emissions of pollutants from mopeds (CHINA Ⅳ) Issued on. AUGUST 22, 2016 Implemented on. JULY 01, 2018 Issued by. Ministry of Environmental Protection; General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative references... 5 3 Terms and definitions... 6 4 Type test and test information disclosure... 10 5 General requirements... 10 6 Type test requirements... 12 7 Production consistency inspection... 17 8 Model extension... 20 9 Compliance in use... 20 10 Implementation of standards... 20 Annex A (Normative) Type test related information... 22 Annex B (Normative) Type test results... 31 Annex C (Normative) Emission test for tailpipe emissions at room temperature after cold start (Type I test)... 34 Annex D (Normative) Dual-idling speed test (Type II test)... 77 Annex E (Normative) Emission test for evaporative emissions (Type IV test)... 80 Annex F (Normative) Endurance test for emission-control devices (Type V test)... 100 Annex G (Normative) On-board diagnostic (OBD) system... 108 Annex H (Normative) Technical requirements for reference fuel... 114 Annex I (Normative) Production consistency guarantee requirements... 119 Annex J (Normative) Type extension requirements... 1251 ScopeThis Standard specifies limits and measurement methods for tailpipe emissions, evaporative emissions from mopeds, as well as crankcase emissions requirements, endurance requirements for emission-control devices and technical requirements for on-board diagnostic (OBD) system. This Standard specifies the requirements for the type test of mopeds and the inspection and judgment methods for production consistency. This Standard is applicable to two- or three-wheeled mopeds powered by ignition engines, with engine displacement not greater than 50 mL and maximum design speed not greater than 50 km/h.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 15089-2001, Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers HJ/T 289, Equipment specifications and quality control requirements for Gasoline vehicles in two-speed idle exhaust emission test QC/T 1003, Determination of precious metal in metal support catalytic converter for mopeds ISO 2575.2010, Road vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales ISO 9141-2, Road vehicles - Diagnostic systems - Part 2.CARB requirements for interchange of digital information ISO 14229-3, Road vehicles - Unified diagnostic services (UDS) - Part 3.Unified diagnostic services on CAN implementation (UDSonCAN) ISO 14229-4, Road vehicles - Unified diagnostic services (UDS) - Part 4.Unified diagnostic services on FlexRay implementation (UDSonFR) ISO 14230-4, Road vehicles - Diagnostic systems - Keyword Protocol 2000 - Part 4. Requirements for emission-related systems ISO 15031-3, Road vehicles - Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissions-related diagnostics - Part 3.Diagnostic connector and related electrical circuits, specification and use ISO 15031-4.2014, Road vehicles - Communication between vehicle and external equipment for emissions-related diagnostics - Part 4.External test equipment3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 moped According to GB/T 15089-2001. Two-wheeled mopeds (category L1). two-wheeled vehicle that if a heat engine is used, its cylinder displacement shall not exceed 50 mL, and regardless of the driving mode, its maximum design speed shall not exceed 50 km/h. Three-wheeled mopeds (category L2). three-wheeled vehicle with any wheel arrangement that if a thermal engine is used, its cylinder displacement does not exceed 50 mL, and regardless of the driving mode, its maximum design speed does not exceed 50 km/h. 3.2 type test An inspection that after the design of a type of moped is completed, the model test is carried out on the new product that has been trial-produced to verify whether the product can meet the technical requirements of this Standard. 3.3 gas fuel It refers to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or natural gas (NG). 3.4 bi-fuel moped A moped that can use both gasoline and a gas as fuel, but the two fuels cannot be used at the same time. 3.5 mono fuel gas moped A moped that can only use a certain type of gas fuel (LPG or NG) or can use a certain type of gas fuel (LPG or NG) and gasoline, but gasoline is only used for emergency situations or engine starting. 3.6 equivalent inertia The mass equivalent to the movement and moment of inertia of a moped on a chassis dynamometer that is simulated by an inertia simulator.4 Type test and test information disclosure4.1 Carry out type test in accordance with the requirements of this Standard and meet the requirements of this Standard. 4.2 Moped manufacturers or their authorized agents shall disclose information in accordance with Annex A and Annex B. If the content involves enterprise secrets, the information may only be disclosed to the competent authority. 4.3 In order to carry out the tests mentioned in Chapter 6, a representative sample vehicle must be submitted to the testing agency responsible for type test. Two sets of identical canisters are also required for Type IV test.5 General requirements5.1 For components affecting tailpipe emissions, crankcase emissions and evaporative emissions, their design, manufacture and assembly shall make the moped meet the requirements of this Standard no matter what kind of vibration it encounters under normal use conditions. 5.2 Moped manufacturers must take technical measures to ensure that mopeds meet the requirements of Chapter 6 and Chapter 7.In this way, it is considered that under normal use conditions and service life, the tailpipe emissions and evaporative emissions can be effectively controlled within the limits specified in this Standard. 5.3 Moped manufacturers must take one of the following measures to prevent excessive emissions of evaporative emissions and fuel spillage due to missing fuel tank caps. 5.4 All mopeds shall be equipped with an OBD system. 5.5 The safety of the electronic control system shall meet the following requirements. 5.6 Mopeds are prohibited from using defeat devices and/or irrational emission control strategy. 5.7 When one of the following conditions is met, mopeds can be installed and used with relevant engine control devices, functions, systems or measures. 5.8 If the engine control device, function, system or measure used by the moped can cause the engine to adopt a different or adjusted engine control strategy than that used in the normal use emission test cycle, it is allowed to use if it is fully demonstrated that the measure will not reduce the efficiency of the emission control system. In all other cases, it is considered a defeat device.6 Type test requirements6.1 Test items During the type test, the test items of the moped are shown in Table 1. 6.2 Emission limit requirements and test methods 6.2.1 Type I test (emission test of tailpipe emissions after cold start at room temperature) 6.2.1.1 All mopeds shall be subjected to this test. 6.2.1.2 For bi-fuel mopeds, Type I tests shall be carried out using two fuels respectively. 6.2.1.3 Type I test shall be carried out according to the method specified in Annex C. Various tailpipe emission gases are collected and analyzed by prescribed methods. 6.2.1.4 The flow chart of Type I test is shown in Figure 1. 6.2.1.5 Mopeds shall be placed on a chassis dynamometer equipped with power absorbing devices and inertia simulation devices. 6.2.1.6 During the test, the exhaust gas is diluted, and the sample gas is collected into the sampling bag in proportion. Dilute, sample and analyze the exhaust of the test vehicle as required. Measure the total volume of diluted gases. 6.2.2 Type II test (dual idling speed test) 6.2.2.1 All mopeds shall be subjected to this test. 6.2.2.2 For bi-fuel mopeds, this test shall be carried out for the two fuels respectively. 6.2.2.3 For mono fuel gas mopeds, only use this gas fuel to carry out this test. 6.2.3 Type III test (emission test for crankcase emissions) The engine's crankcase ventilation system does not allow any crankcase emissions to escape into the atmosphere. When necessary, the enterprise shall disclose detailed technical information and drawings to the competent authority to prove that the construction of the engine will not emission any fuel, lubricating oil or crankcase gas from the crankcase ventilation system into the atmosphere. 6.2.4 Type IV test (emission test for evaporative emissions) 6.2.5 Type V test (endurance test for emission-control devices) 6.2.6 On-board diagnostic (OBD) system requirements The moped OBD system shall be tested in accordance with Annex G and meet its requirements. 6.3 Test fuel All tests except Type V tests shall use reference fuels that meet the requirements of Annex H. Type V test shall use commercially available vehicle fuels that meet the relevant standards.7 Production consistency inspectionMeasures shall be taken in accordance with Annex I to ensure production consistency. The inspection of production consistency is based on Annex A and Annex B. When necessary, some or all of the tests described in Chapter 6 may be carried out. 7.1 Production consistency inspection for type Ⅰ test 7.1.1 When carrying out the Type I test, if the moped for type test has one or more extensions, this test can be carried out on the vehicle type mentioned in Annex A or the relevant expansion type. 7.1.2 After the moped is selected by the competent department, the manufacturer shall not make any adjustments to the selected moped. 7.1.3 Sample vehicles are directly selected from the vehicles that pass the production line inspection for testing. The test vehicle does not need to be run-in. If required by the manufacturer, run-in less than 250 km can be carried out according to the run-in specification of the manufacturer. But no adjustments shall be made to these mopeds. 7.1.4 Tests shall be carried out with commercially available vehicle fuels that meet the relevant standards. Under the request of the manufacturer, the reference fuel specified in Annex H can be used. 7.2 Production consistency inspection for Type Ⅱ test Test 3 vehicles 7.3 Production consistency inspection for Type III test It shall meet the requirements of 6.2.3. 7.4 Production consistency inspection for Type IV test The production consistency inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of E.7. 7.5 Production consistency inspection for OBD system 7.5.1 Randomly select three vehicles from batch products. Conduct the test described in Annex G. 7.5.2 If the three vehicles meet the requirements of the test described in Annex G, the production consistency of the OBD system is considered to meet the requirements. Otherwise, it is determined that the production consistency inspection of the OBD system fails. 7.6 Production consistency inspection for canisters 7.7 Production consistency inspection for catalytic converters 7.7.1 Randomly take three vehicles (or three sets of catalytic converters) from an assembly line or mass production. In accordance with the regulations of QC/T 1003, detect the content of each precious metal in the taken catalytic converter. 7.7.2 Criteria for judging the consistency of catalytic converter production. 7.8 Other If a certain model cannot meet any one of the production consistency inspection requirements in 7.1 to 7.7, the moped manufacturer shall take all necessary measures as soon as possible to re-establish the production consistency assurance system.8 Model extensionThe model extension shall meet the requirements of Annex J. When a model is extended, the extended model cannot be extended to other models.9 Compliance in useManufacturers shall take measures to ensure that within the endurance mileage specified in this Standard, the emission control devices installed on mopeds under normal use conditions always operate normally and meet the relevant pollutant emission limits. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of English version of GB 18176-2016 be delivered?Answer: The full copy PDF of English version of GB 18176-2016 can be downloaded in 9 seconds, and it will also be emailed to you in 9 seconds (double mechanisms to ensure the delivery reliably), with PDF-invoice.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB 18176-2016_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. 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