TB 10505-2019 PDF in English
TB 10505-2019 (TB10505-2019) PDF English
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Code for Design of Railway SoundBarriers
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TB 10505-2019: PDF in English TB 10505-2019
INDUSTRY STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P TB 10505-2019
J 2743-2019
Code for design of railway sound barriers
ISSUED ON: JULY 31, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 01, 2019
Issued by: National Railway Administration
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 5
1 General ... 7
2 Terminology ... 7
3 Basic provisions ... 8
4 Acoustic design ... 9
4.1 General provisions ... 9
4.2 Design target value ... 10
4.3 Insertion loss of sound barrier ... 12
5 Structural design ... 16
5.1 Materials ... 16
5.2 Loads and load combinations ... 21
5.3 Structural calculation ... 25
5.4 Construction requirements ... 26
6 Auxiliary facilities ... 28
7 Interface design ... 29
Explanation of wording in this code ... 30
References ... 31
Code for design of railway sound barriers
1 General
1.0.1 In order to unify the design standards of railway sound barrier engineering, make
the railway sound barrier engineering design meet the requirements of safety, reliability,
green, environmental protection, advanced maturity, economical application, etc., this
Code is formulated.
1.0.2 This Code is applicable to the engineering design of new and reconstructed
railway sound barriers.
1.0.3 The acoustic design of the sound barrier should be determined, according to the
recent traffic volume of the railway project, the type of train, the number of marshalling,
the number of pairs, the design speed and other factors.
1.0.4 The sound barrier is strictly prohibited from intruding into the boundary of the
railway building. It shall not affect the safety of other transportation equipment. It shall
meet the inspection and maintenance requirements of itself and other railway facilities.
1.0.5 The design service life of acoustic elements of sound barrier shall not be less than
25 years. The design service life of structural components shall not be less than 50 years.
The structural safety level shall not be lower than level 2.
1.0.6 The new technology, new process, new material, new equipment, which is adopted
in the sound barrier project, shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current
national standards.
1.0.7 In addition to this Code, the engineering design of railway sound barrier shall also
comply with the relevant current national standards.
2 Terminology
2.0.1 Railway sound barrier
Structures, which are used to reduce the impact of train running noise, on the acoustic
environment. According to its location, it is divided into subgrade sound barrier and
bridge sound barrier.
2.0.2 Post and panel sound barrier
A sound barrier, which is formed by inserting sound-absorbing or sound-insulating
sheet, between the uprights.
2.0.3 Integral sound barrier
Sound barriers, which are integrated by the prefabricated or cast-in-place concrete unit
slabs with the foundation.
2.0.4 Masonry sound barrier
A sound barrier, which is formed by masonry blocks.
2.0.5 Acoustic elements of sound barrier
A unit, that has sound absorption or/and sound insulation function, in a sound barrier.
2.0.6 Sound-sensitive point
Noise-sensitive buildings or areas, such as hospitals, schools, institutions, scientific
research organizations, residences, nature reserves, etc.
2.0.7 Background noise
The noise, which is measured at the reference point or the sound receiving point, when
there is no railway noise source, within the control range of the sound barrier.
2.0.8 Insertion loss of sound barrier
Under the condition that the noise source, topography, landform, ground features,
meteorological conditions remain unchanged, The difference between the sound
pressure level of a specific location of a sound-sensitive target of the acoustic
environment, before and after the installation of the sound barrier.
2.0.9 Aerodynamic pressure induced by train
The positive and negative pressure, which is produced by the action of the air shock
wave from the train operation, on the surface of the railway sound barrier.
3 Basic provisions
3.0.1 The sound barrier facilities shall be safe and reliable, easy to construct, conducive
to repair and maintenance.
3.0.2 The setting of sound barriers is strictly prohibited to interfere with railway visual
signals.
3.0.3 The location of the sound barrier shall meet the following requirements:
1 The embankment sound barrier should be installed on the outside of the road
shoulder; it shall meet the requirements of public works.
2 The cutting sound barrier should be installed on the outside of the cutting top; it
shall meet the requirements of slope stability.
3 The bridge sound barrier shall be installed at the sidewalk railing of the bridge
deck.
3.0.4 The sound barriers, which are installed in towns, scenic spots, tourist resorts, shall
not only coordinate with the main project, but also coordinate with the local natural
environment, architectural style, humanistic environment.
3.0.5 The sound barrier shall be naturally connected and smoothly transitioned, at the
cross-section change of the road and bridge connections, the station's access section,
the cable well. It shall take measures to prevent sound leakage.
3.0.6 The structural form of the sound barrier can be upright, folded arm, arc, semi-
enclosed, fully enclosed, etc., according to the installation location and noise reduction
requirements.
3.0.7 The facade of the sound barrier, within the height range of the train windows,
should be provided with transparent sound insulation panels. It should provide anti-bird
collision facilities, such as warning lines or patterns.
3.0.8 The type of sound barrier foundation shall be determined, according to the
superstructure, foundation conditions, construction environment and other factors.
4 Acoustic design
4.1 General provisions
4.1.1 The sound barrier shall be acoustically designed, according to the characteristics
of railway noise source intensity and the noise control requirements of sensitive targets,
in the acoustic environment.
4.1.2 The insertion loss of the sound barrier should be subject to fractional frequency
calculation, according to the sound source octave band sound pressure level (center
frequency 31.5 Hz ~ 8000 Hz) or 1/3 octave band sound pressure level (center
frequency 20 Hz ~ 8000 Hz). When using simplified calculation, the equivalent
frequency of the railway sound source, which has a design speed below 200 km/h,
should be 1000 Hz; the equivalent frequency of the railway sound source, which has a
design speed of 200 km/h and above, should be 1250 Hz.
4.1.3 The sound source equivalent height, which is used for the calculation of sound
barrier insertion loss, can be determined by the following methods:
5 Structural design
5.1 Materials
5.1.1 In addition to the requirements of "Acoustic elements of railway sound barrier"
TB/T 3122, the metallic acoustic elements of sound barriers shall also meet the
following requirements:
1 The metal acoustic elements shall be made of aluminum alloy as the main material;
the thickness should not be less than 100 mm; the surface density should not be
greater than 65 kg/m2; the face/back panel of acoustic elements should be
connected by buckle-type rivet-free structure, the thickness shall not be less than
1.5 mm; the face/back panel should be made of 3xxx series or 5xxx series
aluminum alloy.
2 The performance of the aluminum alloy face/back panel shall comply with
"Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy plates, sheets and strips for general
engineering" GB/T 3880.1 and "Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy plates,
sheets and strips for general engineering - Part 2: Mechanical properties" GB/T
3880.2.
3 The opening rate of the aluminum alloy panel should be 20% ~ 30%.
4 The aluminum alloy surface/back panel shall be subjected to surface anti-corrosion
treatment. It may adopt the anti-corrosion treatment measures, such as anodizing,
liquid spraying, powder spraying or roller painting. Meanwhile it shall comply
with the provisions of "Aluminium panels for building decoration" GB/T 23443.
5 The designations of aluminum alloy supporting profiles should be 6061 or 6063.
The surface shall be anodized. The aluminum alloy supporting profiles shall be
arranged throughout the length.
6 The sound-absorbing cotton of metal acoustic elements should be rock wool board
or slag wool board, which has a density of 80 kg/m3 ~ 120 kg/m3. The acidity
coefficient shall not be lower than 1.8. The noise reduction coefficient NRC (rigid
wall) shall not be less than 0.6. The average fiber diameter, slag ball content,
hydrophobicity, dimensional stability, compressive strength, thermal conductivity,
combustion performance, etc. shall meet the requirements of "Rock wool
products for external thermal insulation composite systems" GB/T 25975 and
"Rock wool thermal insulation products for building applications" GB/T 19686.
The wrapping material of the sound-absorbing cotton should be made of alkali-free
water-repellent glass cloth. Its breaking strength and elongation at break shall meet the
requirements of "Reinforcements - Test method for woven fabrics - Part 5:
Determination of glass fiber tensile breaking force. and elongation at break" GB/T
7689.5.
5.1.2 The non-metallic acoustic elements of sound barriers shall comply with the
following requirements, in addition to the requirements of "Acoustic elements of
railway sound barrier" TB/T 3122:
1 When reinforced concrete is used as the main material, for non-metallic acoustic
elements, the thickness of the plate should not be less than 100 mm; the area
density should not be greater than 210 kg/m2; the concrete strength grade should
not be lower than C30. When the cement-based light-weight high-strength
concrete and the reactive powder concrete (RPC) are used as the main materials,
the thickness of the panel should not be less than 100 mm; the surface density
should not be greater than 120 kg/m2; the concrete strength grade should not be
lower than C60. When perlite, sand, wood chips (wire), glass-fiber reinforced
composite (GRC) are used as the main materials, the thickness of the plate should
not be less than 75 mm; the surface density should not be greater than 120 kg/m2.
The mechanical properties of the main material shall meet the requirements of the
current relevant national standards. The thickness of the concrete protective layer
shall comply with the provisions of "Code for design of concrete structures" GB
50010, which shall not be less than 15 mm.
2 The raw materials and mixtures, for mixing concrete, shall comply with the
provisions of "Concrete for railway construction" TB/T 3275. The reinforcement
shall comply with the provisions of "Steel for the reinforcement of concrete - Part
1: Hot rolled plain bars" GB/T 1499.1 and "Steel for the reinforcement of concrete
- Part 2: Hot rolled ribbed bars" GB/T 1499.2. The cold-drawn low-carbon steel
wire shall comply with the provisions of "Cold-drawn low-carbon wire for
concrete products" JC/T 540. The welded steel mesh shall comply with the
provisions of "Steel for the reinforcement of concrete - Part 3: Welded fabric"
GB/T 1499.3. The mesh shall comply with the provisions of "Alkali-resistant
glass fiber mesh" JC/T 841.
3 The sound-absorbing cotton and wrapping materials of non-metallic acoustic
elements shall comply with the provisions of item 6 of Article 5.1.1 of this Code.
5.1.3 In addition to complying with the requirements of "Acoustic elements of railway
sound barrier" TB/T 3122, the transmission sound insulation panel of the sound barrier
shall also meet the following requirements:
1 The transmission sound insulation panel should be made of methacrylic acid
methyl methacrylate as raw material, which is mass-polymerized by casting and
embedded in polymethyl methacrylate panel with reinforcing bars.
2 The performance of the polymethyl methacrylate panel shall comply with the
provisions of "Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) cast noise barriers" GB/T
be spliced. H-section steel columns, which have a height of more than 4 m,
may have a butt weld; the flange and web shall be mis-location spliced, which
has a dislocation of greater than 200 mm; the weld should be above 3 m; the
quality grade of the weld is not lower than the grade-1 criteria, which is
specified in the "Code for welding of steel structures" GB 50661.
3 Welding consumables shall meet the following requirements:
1) The welding rod shall comply with the provisions of "Covered electrodes for
manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels" GB/T 5117 and
"Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of creep-resisting steels"
GB/T 5118.
2) The welding wire shall comply with the provisions of "Steel wires for melt
welding" GB/T 14957, "Welding electrodes and rods for gas shielding arc
welding of carbon and low alloy steel" GB/T 8110, "Tubular cored electrodes
for non-alloy and fine grain steels" GB/T 10045, "Tubular cored electrodes for
creep-resisting steels" GB/T 17493.
3) The welding wire and flux, for submerged arc welding, shall comply with the
provisions of "Solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes and
electrode/flux combinations for submerged arc welding of nonalloy and fine
grain steels" GB/T 5293, "Solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes and
electrode/flux combinations for submerged arc welding of creep-resisting
steels" GB/T 12470.
4) The argon, which is used in gas shielded welding, shall comply with the
provisions of "Argon" GB/T 4842. The carbon dioxide, which is used in gas
shielded welding, shall comply with the provisions of "Mixed gas for welding.
Argon-Carbon dioxide" HG/T 3728.
4 The welding, between the H-section column flange and the steel bottom plate, shall
be groove penetration welding; the quality of the weld shall not be lower than the
grade-1 criteria, which is specified in "Code for welding of steel structures" GB
50661. The welding, between the web of H-section steel column and the steel
bottom plate, shall be fillet welding; the welding, between the stiffening plate and
the H-section steel column and steel bottom plate, shall be fillet welding; the
quality grade of weld shall not be lower than the grade-2 criteria, which is
specified in "Code for welding of steel structures" GB 50661. All welds shall be
welded continuously. The weld inspection shall be carried out, as required by the
quality grade.
5 The minimum rust removal grade of steel components shall reach Sa2 ½ or above;
meanwhile it shall meet the requirements of "Preparation of steel substrates
before application of paints and related products. Visual assessment of surface
cleanliness. Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel
substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coating" GB/T
8923.1. All steel components shall be subject to anti-corrosion treatment. The
anti-corrosion criteria shall not be lower than the 6th coating system in "The
protection coating anti-corrosion and specification for the supply of paints for
railway steel bridge" TB/T 1527.
6 The fire resistance rating of semi-enclosed and fully-enclosed sound barrier steel
structures shall not be lower than the grade-2 criteria, which is specified in "Code
of design on building fire protection and prevention" GB 50016.
5.1.7 The connecting members of the sound barrier shall meet the following
requirements:
1 Ordinary bolt connection pair shall comply with the provisions of "Hexagon head
bolts - Product grade C" GB/T 5780, "Hexagon head bolts" GB/T 5782,
"Mechanical properties of fasteners - Bolts, screws and studs" GB/T 3098.1,
"Hexagon bolts with split pin hole on shank" GB/T 31.1, "Hexagon nuts, style 1
- Product grade C" GB/T 41, "Hexagon slotted nuts, style 1 - Product grade C"
GB 6179, "Plain washers - Product grade C" GB/T 95, "Split pins" GB/T 91.
2 The connection pair of large hexagonal high-strength bolts shall comply with the
provisions of "High strength bolts with large hexagon head for steel structures"
GB/T 1228, "High strength large hexagon nuts for steel structures" GB/T 1229,
"High-strength washers for steel structures" GB/T 1229, "High strength plain
washers for steel structures" GB/T 1230, "Specifications of high strength bolts
with large hexagon head, large hexagon nuts, plain washers for steel structures"
GB/T 1231, "Sets of torshear type high strength bolt hexagon nut and plain
washer for steel structures" GB/T 3632.
3 The connecting bolts shall take measures to prevent loosening.
4 The metal connecting members of the sound barrier shall be subject to anti-
corrosion treatment. The anti-corrosion criteria shall comply with the provisions
of item 5 of Article 5.1.6 of this Code.
5 The performance of rubber parts shall comply with the provisions of "Rubber
articles for sound barriers" GB/T 30649.
5.1.8 The gravity mortar, which is used in the post and panel sound barrier, shall comply
with the requirements of "Spherical bearings for railway bridges" TB/T 3320.
5.1.9 The masonry materials and mortar grades, which are used for the masonry sound
barrier, shall comply with the provisions of "Code for design of masonry structures"
GB 50003.
γG - Partial coefficient of permanent load, which takes 1.3;
SGk - Permanent load, which is mainly self-weight;
γQ1 - Partial coefficient of natural wind load, which takes 1.5;
SQ1k - Natural wind load;
γQ2 - Partial coefficient of train wind load, which takes 1.0;
SQ2k - Train wind load;
γQi - Partial coefficient of the ith variable load, which takes value according to "Load
code for the design of building structures" GB 50009;
SQik - The ith variable load;
Ψci - The coefficient of the ith variable load combination value, which takes 0.7.
5.3 Structural calculation
5.3.1 The calculation method of sound barrier structure shall comply with the provisions
of "Code for design of concrete structures" GB 50010, "Standard for design of steel
structures" GB 50017, as well as other current relevant national standards.
5.3.2 The sound barrier's foundation shall be subject to calculation of vertical bearing
capacity, horizontal bearing capacity, crack control, foundation stability. It shall comply
with the provisions of "Code for design of building foundation" GB 50007 and
"Technical code for building pile foundations" JGJ 94.
5.3.3 The calculation of the superstructure of the sound barrier shall meet the following
requirements:
1 The strength, deflection, welds, etc. of the steel column shall be calculated, in
accordance with the provisions of "Standard for design of steel structures" GB
50017. The fatigue check shall be carried out.
2 Concrete columns and beams shall be subject to the calculation of limit state of
bearing capacity AND the verification of limit state of normal use, according to
the provisions of "Code for design of concrete structures" GB 50010.
3 The masonry materials, for masonry sound barrier, shall be subjected to
calculations of bending, shearing, compression, according to the provisions of
"Code for design of masonry structures" GB 50003.
4 For semi-enclosed and fully-enclosed sound barriers, local stability and overall
stability shall be calculated; fatigue check shall be carried out.
5.3.4 The calculation of the connecting members of the sound barrier shall meet the
following requirements:
1 When bolted connection is used, the bearing capacity of the bolts shall be
calculated, according to the provisions of "Standard for design of steel structures"
GB 50017; the fatigue check shall be carried out.
2 When using cast-in-place concrete for connection, the concrete shall be subjected
to the calculation of the ultimate limit state of bearing capacity and the limit state
of normal use, in accordance with the provisions of "Code for design of concrete
structures" GB 50010.
3 When the cup-mouth foundation plug-in connection is used, the connection
between the column and the cup-mouth foundation shall comply with the
provisions of "Code for design of building foundation" GB 50007.
5.4 Construction requirements
5.4.1 The superstructure and the foundation of the sound barrier should be connected
by cast-in-place concrete or bolts, which shall meet the following requirements:
1 When using cast-in-place concrete for connection, the strength grade of concrete
shall not be lower than that of the main structure. It shall not be lower than grade
C30.
2 When using bolted connection, it shall take anti-loosening measures. The distance,
from the center of the bolt to the edge of the component, shall not be less than 2.0
times the diameter of the bolt hole, in the direction of the internal force, AND not
be less than 1.5 times the diameter of the bolt hole, in the direction perpendicular
to the internal force. Meanwhile, it shall meet the requirements of "Standard for
design of steel structures" GB 50017.
3 When the bridge sound barrier is connected by bolts, the bolts should be installed
on the side of the sound barrier facing the line.
5.4.2 Fixed flexible vibration damping measures shall be taken, between the steel
uprights and the acoustic elements of the post and panel sound barrier.
5.4.3 The top of the steel uprights for the high-speed railway's post and panel sound
barrier shall have flexible limit measures, to prevent the acoustic elements from moving
up and down.
5.4.4 The depth of the embedded H-section steel column flange, at each end of the
acoustic element of the post and panel sound barrier, shall not be less than 0.3 times the
width of the column.
6 Auxiliary facilities
6.0.1 Drainage facilities shall be provided for the subgrade sound barrier. It shall take
measures to prevent sound leakage, at the drainage outlet. The drainage shall not cause
erosion of the subgrade slope.
6.0.2 The setting of sound barrier's safety door shall meet the following requirements:
1 When the continuous length of the subgrade sound barrier is greater than 500 m,
safety doors shall be provided; the distance between them should not be greater
than 500 m.
2 The sound barrier, at the transitional segment of the railway-bridge connection,
shall be provided with a safety door, according to evacuation and maintenance
requirements.
3 The location of the subgrade sound barrier's safety door should be combined with
the maintenance channel. There shall be safe passage conditions, at the slope
outside the door.
4 The location of the bridge sound barrier's safety door shall be combined with the
rescue evacuation channel.
5 The net width of the safety door shall not be less than 1.0 m; the net height shall
not be less than 2.0 m.
6 The weighted sound insulation of the safety door shall not be less than 30 dB; it
shall not affect the noise reduction effect of the sound barrier.
7 The safety door shall be opened to the outside of the line; it shall meet the
requirements of manual opening from inside of the line, key opening from outside
of the line.
6.0.3 The sound barrier, which has safety door, shall be provided with light storage
signs. It shall meet the following requirements:
1 Light-storage evacuation signs shall be set at the cross-section change of the sound
barrier, at the connection of railway and bridges, at every 50 m along the
evacuation direction. The light-storage evacuation signs shall be less than 1 m,
above the subgrade and bridge deck.
2 A light-storage sign shall be set directly above the door opening.
6.0.4 The metal components of the sound barrier shall form an electrical connection.
The grounding design shall be carried out, in accordance with the relevant provisions
of "Technical code for lightning protection and earthing of railway" TB 10180. Where
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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