GB/T 39500-2020 PDF English
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Leather. Physical and mechanical tests. Determination of apparent density and mass per unit area
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GB/T 39500-2020: PDF in English (GBT 39500-2020) GB/T 39500-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.140.30
Y 46
Leather - Physical and mechanical tests -
Determination of apparent density and mass per unit
area
(ISO 2420:2017, MOD)
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 19, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: JUNE 01, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Principle ... 5
4 Instruments and apparatuses ... 5
5 Sampling and sample preparation ... 6
6 Test procedure ... 6
7 Result expression ... 7
8 Test report ... 9
Leather - Physical and mechanical tests -
Determination of apparent density and mass per unit
area
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the determination method of apparent density and
mass per unit area of leather.
This Standard applies to the determination of apparent density and mass per
unit area of various types of leather.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
GB/T 39364, Leather - Chemical, physical, mechanical and fastness tests -
Sampling location (GB/T 39364-2020, ISO 2418:2017, MOD)
QB/T 2707, Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Sample preparation
and conditioning (QB/T 2707-2018, ISO 2419:2012, MOD);
QB/T 2709, Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of
thickness (QB/T 2709-2005, ISO 2589:2002, MOD)
3 Principle
Regard the leather sample as a regular cylinder or cube; calculate the apparent
density and mass per unit area of the leather by measuring the diameter or side
length of the bottom surface, the mass and thickness of the sample.
4 Instruments and apparatuses
4.1 Die cutter, in line with the provisions of QB/T 2707; the inner wall is a circle
whose diameter is (70 ± 1) mm or a square of (100 ± 1) mm × (100 ± 1) mm.
4.2 Thickness gauge, in line with the provisions of QB/T 2709.
4.3 Analytical balance whose accuracy is 0.000 1 g.
4.4 Vernier caliper whose accuracy is 0.01 mm.
5 Sampling and sample preparation
5.1 Sampling
Perform according to the provisions of GB/T 39364. If it is not possible to take
samples from standard parts (such as direct sampling from shoes and clothing),
take samples from any part within the available area. The samples shall be
representative and indicated in the test report.
5.2 Sample preparation
Use the die cutter (4.1) to cut 3 samples from the grain surface.
Note: If there are more than two pieces of leather in the same batch that need
to be tested, cut at least one sample from each piece of the to-be-tested
leather; the total number of samples is not less than 3.
5.3 Adjustment of samples
Perform according to the provisions of QB/T 2707.
6 Test procedure
6.1 Test conditions
All operations of the test shall be carried out in the standard atmosphere that is
specified by QB/T 2707.
6.2 Determination of thickness
Measure the thickness of each sample according to the provisions of QB/T 2709;
select three points for measurement; each point is about 20 mm from the center
of the sample to form an equilateral triangle. Then, measure the thickness of
the center of the sample; use the arithmetic average of the thickness of the four
points as the thickness t of the sample.
Note: The center point of the sample and the three measurement points can be
estimated by visual inspection.
6.3 Determination of the bottom area
Where:
Da -- apparent density of the sample, in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3);
m -- mass of the sample (see 6.4), in grams (g);
t -- average thickness of the sample (see 6.2), in millimeters (mm);
d -- average diameter of the sample (see 6.3), in millimeters (mm);
Note: Formula (1) is obtained by calculating its volume V (in mm3) under the
assumption that the sample is a regular cylinder:
V = ൈ ୢଶ ൈ ୲ସ can be simplified to V = ୢଶ ൈ ୲ଵ.ଶଷ , in which the coefficient 1.273
continues to the final calculation.
7.1.2 Square sample
Calculate the apparent density Da of the square sample according to Formula
(2), in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3); take the average of the calculation
results of three samples as the result, accurate to 0.01 kg/m3.
Where:
Da -- apparent density of the sample, in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3);
m -- mass of the sample (see 6.4), in grams (g);
t -- average thickness of the sample (see 6.2), in millimeters (mm);
a -- average length of AC (see 6.3), in millimeters (mm);
b -- average length of BD (see 6.3), in millimeters (mm).
Note: The apparent density of leather is usually expressed in g/cm3; the
conversion relationship between the two is: 1 g/cm3 = 1 000 kg/m3.
7.2 Mass per unit area
7.2.1 Round sample
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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