GB/T 24158-2018 PDF English
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General specifications for electric motorcycles and electric mopeds
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GB/T 24158-2018: PDF in English (GBT 24158-2018) GB/T 24158-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.140
T 80
Replacing GB/T 24158-2009
General specifications for electric motorcycles and electric
mopeds
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 17, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2019
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 7
4 Model compilation ... 7
5 Technical requirements ... 9
6 Test methods ... 16
Annex A (normative) Conductive on-board battery charger ... 20
Annex B (normative) Main technical parameter items ... 23
Annex C (informative) Comparison on main test items, technical requirements and test
methods ... 24
General specifications for electric motorcycles and electric
mopeds
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the model establishment, technical requirements and test
methods for electric motorcycles and electric mopeds.
This Standard applies to pure electric motorcycles and pure electric mopeds (unless
otherwise specified, hereinafter referred to as electric motorcycles).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 518, Motorcycle tyres
GB 4599, Motor vehicle headlamps equipped with filament lamps
GB 4660, Motor vehicle front fog lamps equipped with filament lamps
GB/T 5359.1, Term for motorcycles and mopeds - Part 1: Types of vehicles
GB/T 5359.2, Term for motorcycles and mopeds - Part 2: Performance of vehicles
GB/T 5359.3, Term for motorcycles and mopeds - Part 3: Dimensions of vehicle with
two and three wheels
GB/T 5359.4, Term for motorcycles and mopeds - Part 4: Mass of vehicle with two
and three wheels
GB/T 5373, Measuring method of dimensions and masses parameter for motorcycles
and mopeds
GB/T 5374, Test method of reliability for motorcycles and mopeds
GB/T 5375, Code of designation for motorcycles and mopeds
GB/T 5378, Methods of road test for motorcycles and mopeds
GB 7258, Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on
roads
GB 11554, Photometric characteristics of rear fog lamp for power-driven vehicles
and their trailers
GB 11564, Retro reflector for motor vehicles
GB 14023, Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance
characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of off-board
receivers
GB 15084, Motor vehicles - Devices for indirect vision - Requirements of
performance and installation
GB 15235, Photometric characteristics of reversing lamps for power-driven vehicles
GB 15365, Symbols for controls - Indicators and tell tales for motorcycles and
mopeds
GB/T 15367, Motorcycles and mopeds - Part and component - Designations for
vehicle with two and three wheels
GB 15742, Performance requirements and test methods of horn for motor vehicles
GB 16735, Road vehicle - Vehicle identification number (VIN)
GB 17352, Performance and installation requirements of rear views mirrors for
motorcycles and mopeds
GB 17353, Protective devices against unauthorized use for motorcycles and mopeds
GB 17509, Photometric characteristics of direction indicators for motor vehicles
and their trailers
GB 17510, Photometric characteristics of light-signaling devices for motorcycles
GB 18100.1, Provisions for installation of lighting and light-signaling devices for
motorcycles - Part 1: Two wheels motorcycle
GB 18100.2, Provisions for installation of lighting and light-signaling devices for
motorcycles - Part 2: Two wheels moped
GB 18100.3, Provisions for installation of lighting and light-signaling devices for
motorcycles - Part 3: Three-wheel motorcycles
GB 19152, Photometric characteristics of moped headlamps
GB/T 19596, Terminology of electric vehicles
GB 20073, Performance and measurement method for braking of motorcycles and
mopeds
The first letter of the uppercase Chinese pinyin in the name of the enterprise (or
trademark) shall not exceed three Chinese characters.
4.2.2 Specification code
The code of the rated power of the electric motorcycle drive motor. It is directly
expressed in numbers. It is the rated power of the electric motorcycle drive motor, in
watts (W).
4.2.3 Code of electric motorcycle
It is represented by a capital letter D.
4.2.4 Type code
The classification code of electric motorcycles. It shall be in accordance with the
provisions of GB/T 5375.
4.2.5 Design sequence number
The design sequence number of the basic vehicle with the same enterprise (or trademark)
name, specification and type. Use Arabic numerals 1, 2, 3... to indicate the design
sequence of electric motorcycles in turn. It shall be omitted when the design sequence
number is 1.
4.2.6 Improvement code
Serial number of vehicle modification. It is used to distinguish the characteristics and
series of vehicles. It is indicated by uppercase English letters (I, O, Q letters cannot be
used).
4.3 Example of model compilation
Example 1:
For the electric two-wheel moped designed for the third time and improved for the sixth
time, whose brand trademark is XX, the motor rated output power is 500W, its model
is represented by XX500DQT-3F.
Example 2:
For the electric moto three-wheel motorcycle (for cargo) designed for the first time and
improved for the second time, whose brand trademark is YY, the motor rated output
power is 1000W, its model is represented by YY1000DZH-B.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Basic requirements
5.1.1 Vehicle identification number (VIN)
The composition of the vehicle identification number (VIN) and the engraving of the
code shall comply with the provisions of GB 16735 and GB 7258.
5.1.2 Vehicle signs and labels
Vehicle signs and labels shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258.
5.1.3 Main dimensions and quality parameters
The main dimensions and quality parameters shall comply with the requirements of
drawings and design documents. The overall dimensions, axle load and quality
parameters of the vehicle shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258.
5.1.4 Special safety requirements
The special safety requirements for electric motorcycles shall comply with the
provisions of GB 24155.
5.1.5 Steering device
The steering device shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258.
5.1.6 Maximum speed of vehicles with limited speed
The maximum speed of vehicles with limited speed shall comply with the provisions
of GB 7258.
5.1.7 Number of passengers
The number of passengers shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258.
5.1.8 Speedometer
Electric motorcycles shall be equipped with speedometers. The error of the indicated
value of the speedometer shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258.
5.1.9 Graphical symbols for controls, indicators and signaling devices
5.1.9.1 Graphical symbols of operating parts, indicators and signaling devices shall
comply with the provisions of GB 15365.
5.1.9.2 It shall be equipped with battery remaining power indicator device. The device
shall comply with the provisions of GB 24155.
5.1.10 Horn
The horn shall have the function of continuous sound. The horn performance and its
installation shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258 and GB 15742.
5.1.11 Indirect vision device
The performance and installation requirements of the indirect vision device shall
comply with the provisions of GB 17352 or GB 15084 and GB 7258.
5.1.12 Windshield wipers
The front windshield wiper (if any) shall comply with the provisions of GB 7258.
5.1.13 Roll stability and parking stability angle
Rolling stability and parking stability angle shall comply with the provisions of GB
7258.
5.1.14 Anti-theft device
The anti-theft device shall comply with the provisions of GB 17353.
5.1.15 Passenger armrest
Passenger armrests shall comply with the provisions of GB 20075.
5.1.16 External protrusions
External protrusions shall comply with the provisions of GB 20074.
5.1.17 Braking performance
Braking performance shall comply with the provisions of GB 20073.
5.1.18 Radio disturbance characteristics
Radio disturbance characteristics shall comply with the provisions of GB 14023.
5.1.19 Lighting and signaling devices
5.1.19.1 Installation of lighting and signaling devices
The installation of lighting and signaling devices shall comply with the provisions of
GB 18100.1 or GB 18100.2 or GB 18100.3.
The installation of lamps and lanterns shall be firm and effective. It shall not be
loosened, damaged, disabled or redirected by vehicle vibrations. All light switches shall
a) The controller can still work normally after being exposed to rain or washed with
a high-pressure cleaning system;
b) The controller shall be able to ensure that when the accelerator and brake operate
simultaneously, no unexpected driving or acceleration occurs;
c) For the controller with a driving speed control device (regardless of the speed
control method adopted), when any one of the front and rear wheels is braked, the
speed control device shall be invalid immediately;
d) For the controller with motor (magnetic) brake, the braking device shall be able
to slowly apply the braking force to assist the braking during braking. The motor
shall not stop suddenly due to the sudden increase of excitation current, which
will cause the vehicle to skid or drift;
e) Controllers used in electric mopeds shall have a tamper-resistant design in terms
of technical characteristics. It shall be ensured that the maximum speed of the
vehicle complies with the requirements of GB 7258.
5.2.5 The manufacturer shall provide the main technical parameters and performance
indicators of the electric motorcycle in the accompanying technical documents. See
Annex B for main technical parameter items. The manufacturer can also add
corresponding items as needed.
5.3 Main performance requirements
The maximum vehicle speed (V10) and maximum vehicle speed (V200) in 10min,
acceleration performance, gradeability, energy consumption rate, driving range, and
rated output power of the motor shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB 7258
and product technical documents provided by the manufacturer.
5.4 Reliability requirements
The reliability requirements shall meet the requirements of the product technical
documents provided by the manufacturer. If there is no relevant requirement, the
following requirements can be followed, and the reliability mileage shall be in
accordance with the provisions of GB/T 5374. After the reliability test is over, the
structural parts such as the frame of the test vehicle must not be deformed, cracked or
otherwise damaged. The main performance and technical indicators listed in 5.3 shall
not drop by more than 5% as specified in the technical conditions, except for power
batteries.
5.5 Assembly quality requirements
5.5.1 General assembly requirements
5.5.1.1 Assembly shall meet the requirements of product drawings and technical
documents. Do not install wrongly or missing-component.
5.5.1.2 The manufacturer, model specification, power of the supporting motor shall be
consistent with the requirements of the technical documents of the vehicle (such as
product standards, product instruction manuals, certificates).
5.5.1.3 Lubricating parts shall be filled with lubricant according to product drawings or
technical documents.
5.5.1.4 Fastener assembly shall be firm and reliable. The pre-tightening torque of
important bolted connections shall comply with the product drawings and technical
documents.
5.5.1.5 The moving parts of the operating mechanism shall be flexible and reliable. A
normal reset must not be interfered with.
5.5.1.6 The assembly of the covering pieces shall be firmly fixed. Do not fall off due to
vehicle vibration.
5.5.1.7 The side bucket, box body and driver's cab shall be firmly installed on the frame.
Do not loosen due to vehicle vibration.
5.5.1.8 The doors and windows of the closed compartment shall be well sealed. Doors
and windows shall be easy to open and close. Door locks shall be firm and reliable. Do
not open by themselves due to vehicle vibration.
5.5.1.9 The baffle and floor of the open box shall be flat. Seats, seat cushions and
armrests shall be installed firmly and reliably without loosening.
5.5.2 Symmetry and outline dimension requirements
5.5.2.1 The difference in height BETWEEN the two sides of left and right symmetrical
parts such as handlebars and deflectors AND the ground shall not be greater than 10mm.
5.5.2.2 The height difference BETWEEN the two sides of the left and right symmetrical
components such as the driver's cab and carriage of the electric moto three-wheeled
motorcycle AND the ground shall not be greater than 20mm.
5.5.2.3 The deviation BETWEEN the center plane of the front wheel AND the center
plane of the rear wheel of the main vehicle of electric two-wheeled motorcycles and
electric side three-wheeled motorcycles shall not be greater than 10mm.
5.5.2.4 The deviation BETWEEN the center plane of the front wheel AND the
symmetrical center plane of the two rear wheels of the electric moto three-wheeled
motorcycle shall not be greater than 20mm.
5.5.2.5 The tolerance of the overall size of the vehicle shall not be greater than ±3% or
±50mm of the nominal size.
5.5.3 Installation requirements for traction battery
of the pattern on the tire crown shall be greater than or equal to 0.8mm.
5.5.7.3 Web and spoke wheel fasteners are complete. They shall be tightened according
to the pre-tightening torque specified in the technical documents.
5.5.7.4 The shock absorber must not be stuck or make abnormal noise during driving.
The stiffness of the left and right shock absorber springs shall be kept basically the same.
5.5.8 Assembly requirements for instruments and electrical equipment
5.5.8.1 The installation of signals, instruments and other electrical equipment and their
switches shall be reliable, intact and effective. They must not be loosened, damaged or
invalid due to vehicle vibration during driving. The switch must not turn itself on and
off due to vehicle vibrations.
5.5.8.2 All electrical wires shall be bundled, neatly arranged, and fixed tightly. The
connectors shall be connected reliably without loosening.
5.5.8.3 Electrical instruments shall work normally, with reliable insulation and without
short circuit. The battery has no leakage or corrosion.
5.5.8.4 The speedometer shall be able to work normally.
5.5.9 Assembly requirements for safety protection devices
5.5.9.1 The anti-theft device shall be installed firmly and reliably. It can be effectively
locked.
5.5.9.2 The installation of the indirect vision device shall be firm and reliable. It can
effectively maintain its position. When pedestrians accidentally touch the indirect
vision device, it shall have the effect of mitigating the impact.
5.6 Appearance requirements
5.6.1 The appearance of electric motorcycles shall be neat. All parts are intact. The
connection of connectors shall be firm.
5.6.2 Covering pieces shall be flat and integrated, with even gaps and without obvious
misalignment. The surface of the coating is smooth, flat, uniform in color, and firmly
bonded. There shall be no obvious pits, spots, variegated colors, cracks, bubbles,
scratches, and flow marks on the exposed surface. There shall be no exposed bottom or
obvious flow marks and cracks on the non-exposed surface.
5.6.3 The surface color of the coating is uniform. There shall be no blackening, bubbling,
peeling, rusting, exposed bottom, burrs or scratches.
5.6.4 The surface of plastic parts shall be uniform in color, without obvious scratches
or unevenness.
5.6.5 Welds of metal structural parts shall be smooth and even. There shall be no defects
such as missing welds, virtual welds, slag inclusions, cracks, pores and spatters on the
surface. If there are welding bumps and welding slags higher than the working surface,
they must be ground and smoothed.
5.6.6 The seat cushion shall have no dents. The surface is smooth, without wrinkles or
damages.
5.6.7 The decals shall be flat and smooth without air bubbles, warped edges or obvious
dislocations.
5.6.8 The outer cover of the carriage shall be flat, with a smooth transition, without
obvious bumps or scratches.
6 Test methods
6.1 Tests for basic requirements
6.1.1 Main dimensions and quality parameters
The main dimensions and quality parameters are determined according to the methods
specified in GB/T 5373.
6.1.2 Special safety requirements
Special safety requirements are tested in accordance with the methods specified in GB
24155.
6.1.3 Steering device
The steering device shall be inspected according to the relevant regulations of GB 7258.
6.1.4 Verification of the number of passengers
The number of passengers shall be verified according to the method stipulated in GB
7258.
6.1.5 Calibration of indicated value of speedometer
The indicated value of the speedometer shall be checked according to the method
specified in GB/T 5378.
6.1.6 Graphical symbols for operating parts, indicators and signaling devices
6.1.6.1 Check the graphical symbols of the operating parts, indicators and signaling
devices according to the provisions of GB 15365.
6.1.6.2 Visually inspect the power indicator light.
6.1.16.2 Performance of lighting and light signaling devices
6.1.16.2.1 The light distribution performance of headlamps shall be tested in
accordance with the methods specified in GB 19152 or GB 4599 (except for enclosed
lamps).
6.1.16.2.2 The light distribution performance of front position lamps, rear position
lamps, brake lamps and rear license plate lamps shall be tested according to the method
specified in GB 17510.
6.1.16.2.3 The light distribution performance of turn signal lamps shall be tested
according to the method specified in GB 17509 or GB 17510.
6.1.16.2.4 The light distribution performance of non-triangular rear retro-reflectors and
non-triangular side retro-reflectors shall be tested according to the method specified in
GB 11564.
6.1.16.2.5 The light distribution performance of front fog lamps shall comply with the
requirements of GB 4660. The light distribution performance of rear fog lamps shall be
tested according to the method specified in GB 11554.
6.1.16.2.6 The light distribution performance of the reversing lamp shall be tested
according to the method specified in GB 15235.
6.1.16.2.7 The irradiation position of the headlight and the luminous intensity of the
beam of the high beam shall be tested according to the method specified in GB 7258.
6.2 Electrical component test
6.2.1 Lithium-ion batteries for electric motorcycles shall be tested according to the
method of GB/T 36672.
6.2.2 Conductive on-board battery chargers for electric motorcycles shall be tested
according to the methods specified in QC/T 895.
6.2.3 The electric motors and their controllers for electric motorcycles shall be tested
according to the methods specified in QC/T 792.
6.3 Main performance test
6.3.1 The maximum speed test, gradeability test and acceleration performance test shall
be carried out according to the method specified in GB/T 24156.
6.3.2 The energy consumption rate test and driving range test shall be carried out
according to the method specified in GB/T 24157.
6.4 Vehicle reliability test
The vehicle reliability test shall be carried out according to the method specified in
protection value, the output shall be automatically turned off, and an alarm message
will be issued. After troubleshooting, it shall have the function of automatically
returning to normal operation.
A.2.4.3 Short circuit protection
Before the on-board charger is started, when the output is short-circuited, it shall not be
able to start automatically after power-on, and an alarm will be issued.
During the working process, when the output is short-circuited, it shall automatically
close the output, and there will be an alarm prompt message. After troubleshooting, the
on-board charger shall work normally.
A.2.4.4 Over-temperature protection
When the temperature of the temperature sampling point of the on-board charger
exceeds the set value of the over-temperature protection, it shall automatically enter the
over-temperature protection state. Run with reduced power or stop. After the
temperature of the on-board charger returns to normal, it shall have an automatic
recovery function.
A.2.4.5 Reverse polarity protection
If the output port of the on-board charger is not anti-reversely connected, when the DC
output terminal is reversely connected to the positive and negative poles of the on-board
energy storage device, it shall not be able to start after power-on, and an alarm message
will be issued. After troubleshooting, the on-board charger shall work normally.
A.2.4.6 Potential equalization
The resistance BETWEEN the conductive part that can be directly touched by the
human body AND the potential equalization point in the on-board charger shall not be
greater than 0.1Ω.
A.2.4.7 Grounding protection
If the on-board charger has a grounding point, the grounding point shall have an obvious
grounding mark.
A.2.4.8 Power-off protection
The on-board charger shall have the ability to quickly cut off the power supply under
abnormal circumstances.
A.2.5 Electrical safety requirements
The insulation performance of the on-board charger shall meet the following
requirements:
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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