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GB/T 17626.5-2019: PDF in English (GBT 17626.5-2019) GB/T 17626.5-2019
Electromagnetic compatibility Test -- Testing and measurement techniques -- Surge immunity test
ICS 33.100.20
L06
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 17626.5-2008
Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology
Surge (impact) immunity test
Published on.2019-06-04
2020-01-01 implementation
State market supervision and administration
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Foreword I
1 range 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 1
4 Overview 5
5 Test level 5
6 Test equipment 6
7 test configuration 18
8 Test procedure 20
9 Evaluation of test results 21
10 Test report 22
Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Surge Test for Unshielded Outdoor Symmetric Communication Lines Interconnected with Widely Distributed Systems 23
Appendix B (informative) Signal generator and test level selection 29
Appendix C (informative) Notes 32
Appendix D (informative) What to consider when implementing equipment that is connected to a low-voltage power system
Appendix E (informative) Mathematical model of surge waveforms 36
Appendix F (informative) Considerations for measurement uncertainty 44
Appendix G (informative) Calibration method for pulse measurement systems 51
Appendix H (informative) Coupling/decoupling method for applying surges to rated supply currents greater than.200A.
Reference 55
Foreword
GB/T 17626 "Electromagnetic Compatibility Test and Measurement Technology" is divided into the following parts.
--- Part 1. General overview of immunity test;
--- Part 2. Electrostatic discharge immunity test;
--- Part 3. Radio frequency electromagnetic field radiation immunity test;
--- Part 4. Electrical fast transient burst immunity test;
---Part 5. Surge (impact) immunity test;
--- Part 6. Conducted disturbance immunity of RF field induction;
--- Part 7. Guidelines for the measurement and measurement of harmonics and interharmonics of power supply systems and connected equipment;
---Part 8. Power frequency magnetic field immunity test;
---Part 9. Pulse magnetic field immunity test;
--- Part 10. Damping oscillating magnetic field immunity test;
--- Part 11. Voltage dips, short-term interruptions and voltage change immunity tests;
--- Part 12. Ringing wave immunity test;
--- Part 13. AC power port harmonics, interharmonics and low frequency immunity test of grid signals;
--- Part 14. Voltage fluctuation immunity test;
--- Part 15. Scintillator function and design specifications;
--- Part 16. 0Hz ~ 150kHz common mode conducted disturbance immunity test;
--- Part 17. Ripple immunity test of DC power input port;
---Part 18. Damping oscillator wave immunity test;
--- Part 20. Emission and immunity tests in transverse electromagnetic (TEM) waveguides;
--- Part 21. Mixing chamber test method;
--- Part 22. Radiated emissions and immunity measurements in full anechoic chambers;
--- Part 24. Test methods for HEMP conducted disturbance protection devices;
--- Part 27. Three-phase voltage unbalance immunity test;
--- Part 28. Power frequency change immunity test;
--- Part 29. DC power supply input port voltage dip, short-term interruption and voltage change immunity test;
--- Part 30. Power quality measurement methods;
--- Part 34. Voltage sag, short-term interruption and voltage change immunity test of equipment with main current per phase greater than 16A.
This part is the fifth part of GB/T 17626.
This part is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 17626.5-2008 "Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology surge (impact) immunity test". versus
Compared with GB/T 17626.5-2008, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Removed some of the referenced documents (see Chapter 2, Chapter 2 of the.2008 edition);
--- Added 3 new definitions (see 3.1.6, 3.1.11 and 3.1.15) and modified 2 definitions (see 3.1.8, 3.1.14,.2008)
3.7, 3.15);
--- Added abbreviations (see 3.2);
--- Increased the test level of line-line and line-ground (see Table 1, Table 1 of the.2008 version);
--- Modified the definition of the 1.2/50μs-8/20μs waveform parameters (see Table 2, Table 2 of the.2008 version);
--- Added a description of the calibration method for generator characteristics (see 6.2.3);
--- Removed the description of the 10/700μs combined wave generator (see Chapter 6, 6.2 of the.2008 version);
--- Modified the selection flow chart of the coupling/decoupling network (see Figure 4, 6.3 of the.2008 version);
--- Modified the requirements for CDN for AC/DC power supplies, adding open circuit voltage peaks for EUT ports of CDN
Relationship with the peak value of the short-circuit current (see 6.3.2, 6.3.1 of the.2008 version);
--- Added calibration on CDN (see 6.4);
--- Removed the description of the test configuration of the high-speed communication line (see Chapter 7, 7.5 of the.2008 version);
--- Removed the description of the test configuration for applying the potential difference (see Chapter 7,.2008 for 7.7);
--- Removed a description of the working status of the EUT (see Chapter 7, 7.8 of the.2008 version);
--- Added special instructions for surge test connected to external communication cable ports, in particular, specified 10/700μs combined wave
The technical parameters of the generator (see Appendix A, 6.2 of the.2008 version);
--- Added a mathematical model of the surge waveform (see Appendix E);
--- Added considerations about measurement uncertainty (see Appendix F);
--- Added calibration method for pulse measurement systems (see Appendix G);
--- Added coupling/decoupling method for applying surges to rated currents greater than.200A (see Appendix H).
This section uses the translation method equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5.2014 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Part 4-5. Test and Measurement Techniques
Surge (impact) immunity test.
The documents of our country that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents referenced in this part are as follows.
---GB/T 2900 (all parts) Electrical terminology [IEC 60050 (all parts)].
This section has made the following editorial changes.
--- The standard name was changed to "Electromagnetic Compatibility Test and Measurement Technology Surge (Impact) Immunity Test";
--- Amend the footnote a of Table 5 in the case of "open circuit" to "in the case of a short circuit";
--- Correct the figure "Line L2-line L3" in Figure 7 as "Line L3-line L2";
--- Correct the connection point of the combined wave generator to the coupling network in Figure 9, Figure 10, Figure A.4;
--- Amendment 7.1 "as described in 7.6.2 and Figure 12" is "as 7.6 and Figure 12";
--- Correct the "Tw" in Figure E.2 to "T";
--- Amend the F.4.6 "a reasonable value of α can be given the minimum value given in Table 1" as "a reasonable value of α can be used in Table F.4
The minimum value given in "";
--- Correct the "V'(tp)=0" in F.4.7 to "V'in(tp)=0".
This part is proposed and managed by the National Electromagnetic Compatibility Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC246).
This section drafted by. China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute, Suzhou Taisite Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Fu Test Electronic Instrument
Co., Ltd., China Institute of Metrology, Lenovo (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Institute of Metrology and Testing Technology, China Automotive Technology Research
Center Ltd.
The main drafters of this section. Li Huanran, Zhang Qiang, Randford, Huang Pan, Lu Feiyan, Zhao Wenhui, Ding Yifu, Huang Xuejun, Ye Chang, Hou Xinwei.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this section are.
---GB/T 17626.5-1999, GB/T 17626.5-2008.
Electromagnetic compatibility test and measurement technology
Surge (impact) immunity test
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 17626 specifies the immunity of equipment to unipolar surges (shocks) caused by switches and lightning transients.
The requirements, test methods and recommended test level ranges specify several test levels for different environments and installation conditions. Presented in this section
Requirements apply to electrical and electronic equipment.
The purpose of this section is to establish a common benchmark to evaluate the performance of electrical and electronic equipment in the event of a surge (impact). Headquarters
A uniform test method is defined to assess the immunity of equipment or systems to specified phenomena.
Note. As described in IEC Guide 107, this section is the basic EMC standard for use by product committees. IEC Guide 107 also specifies that product committee members
It is the responsibility of determining whether or not to apply this immunity test standard. If used, it is responsible for determining the appropriate test level and performance criteria. National Electromagnetic Compatibility
The Standardization Technical Committee and its sub-technical committees are willing to work with product committees to evaluate the special immunity requirements of their products.
This section specifies.
---The scope of the test level;
---Test equipment;
---Test configuration;
---Test procedure.
The task of testing in the laboratory is to find out the surge (rushing) caused by the switch or lightning during the specified working condition of the equipment.
Hit the voltage response.
This part does not test the insulation capacity of the equipment under test. This section does not consider the direct injection of lightning current for direct lightning strikes.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
IEC 60050 (all parts) International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions as defined by IEC 60050 apply to this document.
3.1.1
Avalanche device avalanchedevice
A diode, gas discharge tube, or other component that breaks down and conducts at a specified voltage.
3.1.2
Calibration calibration
A set of operations that establish a relationship between the labeled value and the measured result according to the reference standard under the specified conditions with reference to the standard.
Note 1. This term is used in the “uncertainty” approach.
Note 2. In principle, the relationship between the marked value and the measured result can be represented by a calibration chart.
[GB/T 2900.77-2008, definition 311-01-09]
3.1.3
Clamping device clampingdevice
A diode, (pressure sensitive) resistor or other component that prevents the applied voltage from exceeding a specified value.
3.1.4
Combined wave generator combinationwavegenerator; CWG
Can generate 1.2/50μs open circuit voltage waveform, 8/20μs short circuit current waveform or 10/700μs open circuit voltage waveform, 5/320μs short circuit
Generator for current waveforms.
3.1.5
Coupling network couplingnetwork;CN
A circuit that transfers energy from one circuit to another.
3.1.6
Coupling/decoupling network coupling/decouplingnetwork; CDN
A combination of a coupled network and a decoupled network.
3.1.7
Decoupling network decouplingnetwork; DN
A circuit used to prevent surges (impacts) applied to a device under test from affecting other non-test devices, devices, or systems.
3.1.8
Duration duration
3.1.8.1
Duration duration
Td
< 1.2/50μs surge voltage> The surge voltage rises from half to the peak voltage to half of the peak voltage.
Time interval (Tw).
Td=Tw
See Figure 2 and Figure A.2.
3.1.8.2
Duration duration
Td
< 8/20μs surge current> virtual parameter, defined as one of the inrush current from rising to half of the peak current to one of the peak current
Half, the time interval between the two (Tw), multiplied by 1.18.
Td=1.18×Tw
See Figure 3.
3.1.8.3
Duration duration
Td
< 5/320μs surge current waveform>Inrush current from rising to half of peak current to half of peak current, both
Interval (Tw).
Td=Tw
See Figure A.3.
3.1.9
Effective output impedance effectiveoutputimpedance
The ratio of the open circuit voltage peak to the peak value of the short circuit current at the same output (of the surge generator).
3.1.10
Electrical equipment electricalinstalation
A combination of related electrical devices with the inter-coordinated characteristics required to achieve a particular purpose.
[GB/T 2900.71-2008, definition 826-10-01]
3.1.11
Wavefront time fronttime
3.1.11.1
Wavefront time fronttime
Tf
< surge voltage> A virtual parameter of 1.67 times the time interval T between the 30% peak and the 90% peak.
See Figure 2 and Figure A.2.
3.1.11.2
Wavefront time fronttime
Tf
< Inrush Current> A virtual parameter that is 1.25 times the time interval T between the 10% peak and the 90% peak.
See Figure 3 and Figure A.3.
3.1.12
High-speed communication line high-speedcommunicationlines
Input/output lines with a transmission frequency greater than 100 kHz during operation.
3.1.13
Immunity immunity
The ability of a device, device, or system to experience electromagnetic disturbances without degrading operational performance.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-01-20]
3.1.14
Interconnection lines
The secondary circuit (isolated from the AC mains supply) is not affected by transient overvoltages (for example, capacitively grounded with reliable grounding)
Current secondary circuit, whose peak-to-peak ripple is less than 10% of the DC component, I/O line (input/output line) and/or communication line, and/or low voltage
DC input/output line (≤60V).
3.1.15
Power port powerport
A port for a wire or cable that provides power to the device or related device to function properly.
3.1.16
Protect primary protection once
Measures to prevent most of the surge (shock) energy from propagating through a specified interface.
3.1.17
Reference ground
The portion of the earth that is considered to be electrically conductive, unaffected by any grounding configuration, has a potential convention of zero.
[GB/T 2900.73-2008, definition 195-01-01]
3.1.18
Rise time risetime
Tr
The time it takes for the pulse instantaneous value to rise from 10% of the pulse amplitude to 90% for the first time.
See Figure 3 and Figure A.3.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-02-05]
3.1.19
Secondary protection secondaryprotection
Measures to suppress energy after one protection.
Note. It can be a special device or it can be a feature of the EUT itself.
3.1.20
Surge
Transient waves of current, voltage, or power propagating along a line or circuit are characterized by a rapid rise and then a slow decline.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-08-11]
Note. The following is a surge (shock) for surges.
3.1.21
Symmetrical lines
Balanced mode to common mode conversion loss greater than 20dB balance pair.
3.1.22
System system
A set of interdependent parts that achieve a specific goal by performing the specified functions.
Note. The system is considered to be separated from the environment and other external systems by a hypothetical interface that cuts off the system and environment and external systems being considered.
The connection between. Through these connections, the system is affected by the environment and external systems, or the system itself has an impact on the environment and external systems.
3.1.23
Transient transient
A physical quantity or physical phenomenon that changes between two adjacent stable states whose change time is less than the time scale of interest.
[GB/T 4365-2003, definition 161-02-01]
3.1.24
Verification verification
Used to inspect test equipment systems (such as test generators and interconnecting cables) to demonstrate a complete set of operations for the test system to function properly.
Note 1. The method of verification may be different from the calibration method.
Note 2. Since this part is the EMC basic standard, this definition is different from the definition given in 311-01-13 of IEC 60050-311.2001.
3.2 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
AE. Auxiliary equipment (Auxiliaryequipment)
CD. Coupling device (Couplingdevice)
CDN. Coupling/Decoupling Network
CLD. Clamping device
CN. Coupling network
CWG. Combination Wave Generator (Combinationwavegenerator)
DN. Decoupling network
EFT/B. Electrical fast transient/burst (Electricalfasttransient/burst)
EMC. Electromagnetic compatibility (Electromagneticcompatibility)
ESD. Electrostatic discharge (Electrostatic discharge)
EUT. Equipment under test (Equipmentundertest)
GDT. Gas Discharge Tube (Gasdischargetube)
MU. Measurement uncertainty (Measurementuncertainty)
PE. Protected Earth (Protectiveearth)
SPD. Surgeprotective device
4 Overview
4.1 Power System Switching Transients
Power system switching transients can be divided into transients related to.
a) switching disturbances in the mains power system, such as switching of capacitor banks;
b) small local switching action or load change in the distribution system;
c) resonance phenomena associated with switching devices such as thyristors, transistors;
d) Various system faults, such as short circuits and arc faults in electrical equipment to grounded systems.
4.2 Lightning transient
The main principles of lightning generated surge voltage are as follows.
a) direct lightning strikes the external (outdoor) circuit, and the injected large current flows through the grounding resistor or the impedance of the external circuit to generate a voltage;
b) Indirect lightning strikes (ie, lightning strikes between clouds, clouds, or lightning strikes on nearby objects, which generate electromagnetic fields) in buildings
Induced voltage and current are generated on the inner and outer conductors;
c) the lightning ground current that is discharged directly to the ground nearby, when it is coupled to the common ground path of the grounding system of the electrical device
Should be voltage.
When the lightning protection device is activated, the voltage and current may change rapidly, and electromagnetic disturbance is induced to the adjacent equipment.
4.3 Transient simulation
The characteristics of the test generator should simulate the above phenomenon as much as possible.
If the source of the disturbance is in the same line (directly coupled) as the EUT, for example in a power network, the generator can be at the port of the EUT
Simulate a low impedance source.
If the disturbance source is not on the same line as the EUT (indirect coupling), the generator can simulate a high impedance source.
5 test level
The preferred test level ranges are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Test level
The test level should be selected according to the installation conditions; see Appendix C for the installation category.
The test shall be carried out from all lower levels in Table 1 up to the specified test level (see 8.3).
See Appendix B for the selection of test levels for different interfaces.
6 test equipment
6.1 Overview
This section specifies two types of combined wave generators. They have their own special applications depending on the type of port being tested. Correct
For ports connected to outdoor symmetrical communication lines (see Appendix A), use a 10/700μs combined wave generator. For other situations, use 1.2/
50μs combined wave generator.
6.2 1.2/50μs combined wave generator
6.2.1 Overview
The goal is to standardize the output waveform applied to the EUT. The waveform is defined by the open circuit voltage waveform and the short circuit current waveform, which should be
Measured when connecting to the EUT. For AC or DC powered products, surges are applied to AC or DC power lines and their output waveforms are to be met.
The provisions of Table 4, Table 5 and Table 6. When the surge acts directly from the generator output, the waveform should meet the requirements of Table 2. When connecting to EUT
The waveform at the generator output and the coupled/decoupled network (CDN) output is not required to meet the specifications at the same time.
The surge waveform that the generator should produce.
--- Open circuit voltage wavefront time 1.2μs;
--- Open circuit voltage duration 50μs;
--- Short circuit current wave front time 8μs;
--- Short circuit current duration 20μs.
Figure 1 is a circuit schematic of a 1.2/50μs combined wave generator. Select the values of the different components RS1, RS2, Rm, Lr and Cc so that
The generator produces a 1.2/50μs voltage surge (open circuit condition) and a 8/20μs current surge (short circuit condition).
Figure 1 Circuit diagram of the combined wave generator (1.2/50μs-8/20μs)
The ratio of the peak value of the open output voltage of the same output port of the combined wave generator to the peak value of the shorted output current shall be regarded as the effective output resistance.
anti. The effective output impedance of this generator is 2Ω.
When the output of the generator is connected to the EUT, the voltage and current waveforms are a function of the EUT input impedance. When a surge is applied to the device
When the installed protection device is normally activated, or when there is no protection device or the protection device does not act, causing the component to arc or break down, the EUT
The input impedance may vary. Therefore, from the same test generator should be able to output the 1.2/50μs voltage waveform required by the load and
8/20μs current waveform.
6.2.2 Generator characteristics and performance
Polarity. positive/negative;
Phase shift. the phase of the AC line voltage is changed from 0° to 360° with a tolerance of ±10°;
Repeat rate. once per minute, or faster;
Open circuit output voltage peak. 0.5kV up to the required test level, adjustable;
Surge voltage waveform. see Table 2 and Figure 2;
Output voltage setting tolerance. see Table 3;
Short-circuit output current peak. related to the set peak voltage (see Table 2 and Table 3);
Surge current waveform. see Table 2 and Figure 3;
Note. The time parameter of the short-circuit current is valid only when the generator output is not connected to 10Ω impedance (see 6.3).
Short circuit output current tolerance. see Table 3.
Table 2 Definition of 1.2/50μs-8/20μs waveform parameters
Table 3 Relationship between open circuit voltage peak and short circuit current peak value
The output of the generator should float.
Wavefront time. Tf = 1.67 × T = 1.2 × (1 ± 30%) μs
Duration. Td=Tw=50×(1±20%)μs
Note. 1.67 is the reciprocal of the difference between the 0.9 and 0.3 thresholds.
Figure 2 Open circuit voltage waveform at the generator output without CDN (1.2/50μs)
The undershoot rule applies only to the output of the generator. At the output of the CDN, there is no limit to undershoot or overshoot.
Wavefront time. Tf = 1.25 × Tr = 8 × (1 ± 20%) μs
Duration. Td=1.18×Tw=20×(1±20%)μs
Note 1. 1.25 is the reciprocal of the difference between the 0.9 and 0.1 thresholds.
Note 2. 1.18 is the empirical value.
Figure 3 Short-circuit current waveform at the output of the generator without CDN (8/20μs)
The undershoot rule applies only to the output of the generator. At the output of the CDN, there is no limit to undershoot or overshoot.
6.2.3 Calibration of the generator
In order to comply with the requirements of this section, the generator should be calibrated periodically. To this end, the most basic characteristics of the generator should be measured as follows.
See Appendix G).
The output of the generator should be connected to a measurement system with sufficient bandwidth and voltage and current range to monitor the characteristics of the waveform. Appendix E
Information about the bandwidth of the surge waveform is given.
If a current converter (probe) is used to measure the short-circuit current, its core should not be saturated. Probe low cutoff frequency
(-3dB) should be less than 100Hz.
The characteristics of the generator should be connected to a 18μF capacitor at the output, at the same set voltage, in the open state (loaded
Measured at or equal to 10kΩ) and short-circuited. If the 18μF capacitor is inside the generator, no external connection is required for calibration
18μF capacitor.
In addition to the phase shift characteristics, the output of the generator should meet all of the characteristic properties described in 6.2.2. At the output of the CDN, each
The phase shift characteristics should be satisfied in the phase of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° of one polarity.
Note. According to the requirements of the test arrangement, when an internal or external resistor is added to the output of the generator, the effective source impedance is increased from 2Ω to (eg)
12 Ω or 42 Ω, the wavefront time and duration of the test pulse at the output of the coupled network will change significantly.
6.3 Coupling/Decoupling Network
6.3.1 Overview
Each CDN includes a decoupling network and a coupling network, as shown in Figures 5-11.
Note. The coupling resistor and/or capacitor may be part of the CDN or part of the generator or a separate external component.
On AC or DC power lines, the decoupling network exhibits a higher impedance to surge waves, but at the same time allows current to flow through the EUT. The
The impedance allows the voltage wave to be generated at the output of the CDN while preventing the inrush current from flowing back to the AC or DC source. Use high
The piezoelectric capacitor acts as a coupling element and the capacitance should allow the entire waveform to be coupled to the EUT. CDN for AC or DC power supply should be designed to be turned on
The road voltage and short circuit current waveforms meet the requirements in Table 4, Table 5 and Table 6.
For I/O lines and communication lines, the series impedance of the decoupling network limits the bandwidth of the data transmission. Coupling components can use capacitors (when
The line can withstand the effects of capacitive loads), clamp devices or arresters. When coupled to an interconnect, it may be as described in 6.3.3
The coupling mechanism causes waveform distortion.
Each CDN shall meet the requirements of 6.3.2 and 6.3.3 and shall meet the calibration requirements of 6.4. The CDN should be selected according to Figure 4.
Figure 4 Selection of coupling/decoupling method
6.3.2 Coupling/decoupling network of AC/DC power supply with rated current ≤200A per line
The peak value of the voltage and current, the wavefront time and duration should be in the open circuit and short circuit conditions, respectively, in the EUT of the CDN
Out port verification. The waveform parameters measured at the EUT end of the CDN depend on the generator, which is only for the generator and CDN being measured.
The combinatio......
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Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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