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GB 38900-2020: PDF in English GB 38900-2020
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.180
R 80
Replacing GB 21861-2014, GB 18565-2016
Items and Methods for Safety Technology Inspection
of Motor Vehicles
ISSUED ON: MAY 26, 2020
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 1, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 10
2 Normative References ... 10
3 Terms, Definitions and Abbreviations ... 12
4 Inspection Items ... 13
5 Inspection Methods ... 20
6 Inspection Requirements ... 27
7 Determination, Disposal and Data Archiving of Inspection Results ... 60
8 Requirements for Transitional Period of Standard Implementation ... 62
Appendix A (informative) Flow of Motor Vehicle Safety Technology Inspection
... 63
Appendix B (normative) Measurement of Overall Dimensions ... 64
Appendix C (normative) Curb Weight / Net Weight Measurement ... 68
Appendix D (normative) Braking Performance Inspection ... 70
Appendix E (normative) Headlamp Inspection ... 78
Appendix F (normative) Directive Wheel Lateral Slip Inspection ... 81
Appendix G (normative) Motor Vehicle Safety Technology Inspection Report
(model) ... 83
Appendix H (normative) Motor Vehicle Safety Technology Inspection Table
(manual inspection part) ... 88
Appendix I (normative) Motor Vehicle Safety Technology Inspection Table
(instruments and equipment inspection part) ... 92
Bibliography ... 102
Items and Methods for Safety Technology Inspection
of Motor Vehicles
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the inspection items, inspection methods, inspection
requirements, and the determination, disposal and data archiving of inspection results
for safety technology inspection of motor vehicles.
This Standard is applicable to the safety technology inspection of motor vehicles by
institutions with inspection and testing qualifications. This Standard is also applicable
to the safety technology inspection of inbound motor vehicles by institutions engaged
in inspection and testing of inbound motor vehicles. Motor vehicles approved for actual
road test and motor vehicles temporarily entering the country may receive the safety
technology inspection in accordance with this Standard.
This Standard is not applicable to the safety technology inspection of tractors traveling
on roads, for example, tractor transport unit.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB 1589 Limits of Dimensions, Axle Load and Masses for Motor Vehicles, Trailers and
Combination Vehicles
GB/T 3730.2 Road Vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and Codes
GB 4785 Prescription for Installation of the External Lighting and Light-signaling
Devices for Motor Vehicles and Their Trailers
GB 7258 Technical Specifications for Safety of Power-driven Vehicles Operating on
Roads
GB 7258-2017 Technical Specifications for Safety of Power-driven Vehicles Operating
on Roads
GB 11567 Motor Vehicles and Trailers - Lateral and Rear Underrun Protection
Requirements
GB 13094 Safety Requirements for Bus Construction
GB 13392 The Vehicle Mark for Road Transportation Dangerous Goods
GB 16735 Road Vehicle - Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
GB/T 17676 Natural Gas Vehicle and Liquefied Petroleum Gas Vehicle Identification
Marks
GB/T 18284 QR Code
GB 18564.1 Road Tanker for Dangerous Liquid Goods Transportation - Part 1:
Technical Requirements of Atmospheric Pressure Metal Tank
GB 18564.2 Road Tanker for Dangerous Liquid Goods Transportation - Part 2:
Technical Requirements of Atmospheric Pressure Non-metal Tank
GB/T 19056 Vehicle Traveling Data Recorder
GB 19151 Warning Triangles for Motor Vehicle
GB 20300 Safety Specifications for Road Transportation Vehicle of Explosive
Substance and Chemical Toxic Substance
GB 23254 Retro-reflective Markings for Trucks and Trailers
GB 24315 The Marker for School Bus
GB 24407 The Safety Technique Specifications of Special School Bus
GB 25990 Rear-marking Plates for Vehicles and Their Trailers
GB/T 26765 Specifications for Power-driven Vehicle Safety Inspection Business
Information System and Networking
GB 34655 Specifications for Extinguishing Equipment Arrangement in Bus
GA 36 License Plate of Motor Vehicle of The People’s Republic of China
GA 802 Types of Motor Vehicle - Terms and Definitions
GA 804 Special Fixing Device for License Plate of Motor Vehicle
GA 1186 General Technical Specifications for Monitoring System of Vehicle Safety
Inspection
motor vehicles submitted for inspection shall be consistent with the exit-factory
certificate (for imported vehicles, the customs goods import certificate).
6.2.1.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the license plate number and
classification of motor vehicles submitted for inspection shall be consistent with the
content of endorsement of vehicle registration certificate (or motor vehicle registration
information, the same below).
6.2.2 Vehicle identification number (or complete-vehicle exit-factory number)
6.2.2.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the vehicle identification
number (or complete-vehicle exit-factory number) of motor vehicles submitted for
inspection shall satisfy:
a) Vehicle identification number (or complete-vehicle exit-factory number) shall
be consistent with the inscribed film of motor vehicle exit-factory certificate
(for imported vehicles, the customs goods import certificate) and vehicle
identification number; the content and composition of the vehicle identification
number shall comply with relevant stipulations of GB 16735. In case of
inscription, the inscribed area and depth, and the height of letters and
numbers shall comply with relevant stipulations of GB 7258. In addition, there
shall be no chiseling, patching, polishing, gaskets, repainting (except for the
situation where the painting process is used to protect the inscribed vehicle
identification number in design and manufacture) or unauthorized re-
inscribing;
b) For passenger cars that have exited factory since March 1, 2013, and trucks
(except for low-speed cars) with a total mass less than or equal to 3,500 kg,
the vehicle identification number marking near the windshield pillar shall be
clearly readable from outside the car;
c) For trucks with a total mass greater than or equal to 12,000 kg and have exited
factory since January 1, 2019, special operating vehicles with modified truck
chassis and all tow bar trailers, the vehicle identification number shall be
inscribed on the outside of the front longitudinal beam of the longitudinal
centerline of the right front wheel. If restricted by the structure, it may also be
inscribed on the outside of the longitudinal beam near the longitudinal
centerline of the right front wheel. For semi-trailers and mid-axle trailers that
have exited factory since January 1, 2019, the vehicle identification number
shall be inscribed on the outside of the front longitudinal beam of the right
front leg (except for when there is no longitudinal beam);
d) For fence-type trucks, stake trucks, self-lighting trucks and tank trucks with a
total mass greater than or equal to 12,000 kg and have exited factory since
January 1, 2018, and fence-type trucks, stake trucks, self-lighting trucks and
tank trucks with a total mass greater than or equal to 10,000 kg, at least two
inspection shall be consistent with the content of the endorsement of vehicle
registration certificate. All the inscribed vehicle identification numbers shall not
manifest chiseling, patching, polishing, gaskets, repainting (except for the situation
where the painting process is used to protect the inscribed vehicle identification
number in design and manufacture) or unauthorized re-inscribing. For fence-type
trucks, stake trucks, self-lighting trucks and tank trucks with a total mass greater than
or equal to 12,000 kg and have exited factory since January 1, 2018, and fence-type
trucks, stake trucks, self-lighting trucks and tank trucks with a total mass greater than
or equal to 10,000 kg, at least two vehicle identification numbers shall be inscribed on
the cargo box or atmospheric tank (or structural parts that are designed and
manufactured to be fixed on the cargo box or atmospheric tank, and used to connect
with the vehicle frame).
6.2.3 Engine number / drive motor number
6.2.3.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the engine number / drive
motor number of the motor vehicle submitted for inspection shall be consistent with the
motor vehicle exit-factory certificate (for imported vehicles, the customs goods import
certificate, etc.), and comply with relevant stipulations of GB 7258. In terms of other
drive motors except for wheel motors and hub motors, if the inscribed motor model and
number are covered, an observation port shall be left, or, a permanently maintainable
marking of motor model and number shall be added to the covering part.
6.2.3.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the content recorded by the
engine / drive motor marking of the motor vehicle submitted for inspection or the visible
engine number / drive motor number shall be consistent with the endorsement of
vehicle registration license.
6.2.3.3 During the inspection of motor vehicle that applies for a change of registration
due to the replacement of engine, the replaced engine model shall be consistent with
the registered engine model, or other engine models permitted to be installed in the
announcement of corresponding vehicle products.
6.2.4 Vehicle color and appearance
6.2.4.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection:
a) The appearance of motor vehicle (excluding the vehicle color) submitted for
inspection shall be consistent with the announced photos of the motor vehicle
product (for motor vehicles made in China);
b) The motor vehicle submitted for inspection is deemed qualified if it is allowed
to be changed by itself;
c) Under the circumstance of ensured safety, and without changes of length,
width or main body structure of the vehicle, passenger car submitted for
6.3.3.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the approved passenger
capacity of the motor vehicle shall comply with the stipulations of 4.4.2 ~ 4.4.6 in GB
7258-2017 and shall be consistent with the motor vehicle product announcement and
motor vehicle exit-factory certificate. The seat arrangement shall comply with the
stipulations of 11.6 in GB 7258-2017 and shall be consistent with product operating
manuals and other materials.
6.3.3.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the number of seats (berths) of
the motor vehicle shall be consistent with the content of endorsement of the vehicle
registration certificate. The seat arrangement and fixation mode shall not manifest any
modification.
6.3.4 Breast board height
6.3.4.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection and in-use motor vehicle
safety inspection, the breast board (including the cover) height shall not exceed the
limits specified in GB 1589.
6.3.4.2 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the breast board (including
the cover) height of trucks and trailers shall be consistent with the breast board height
in the motor vehicle product announcement and motor vehicle exit-factory certificate,
and sprayed on both sides of the cab, and the error shall not exceed ± 50 mm.
6.3.4.3 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the breast board (including the
cover) height of trucks and trailers shall be consistent with the breast board height in
the vehicle registration information, and sprayed on both sides of the cab, and the error
shall not exceed ± 50 mm.
6.3.5 Suspension
6.3.5.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the number of leaf springs
on the rear axle of trucks (except for three-wheeled vehicles), trailers and special
operating vehicles shall be consistent with the motor vehicle product announcement
and motor vehicle exit-factory certificate, and there shall be no obvious widening or
thickening. The rear axle of dangerous goods transport vehicles with a total mass
greater than or equal to 12,000 kg and have exited factory since January 1, 2020, all
dangerous goods transport semi-trailers, as well as three-axle fence-type trucks and
stake semi-trailers shall be equipped with air suspension.
6.3.5.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the number of leaf springs on
the rear axle of trucks (except for three-wheeled vehicles), trailers and special
operating vehicles shall be consistent with the motor vehicle registration information,
and there shall be no obvious widening or thickening.
6.3.6 Bus exit
of the external-push emergency window glass shall be marked with a breaking
point marking (an emergency hammer shall be allocated nearby). For other
passenger cars without passenger standing area, and with a length more than
9 m, and have exited factory since January 1, 2019, when at least two glass-
breaking emergency windows respectively set on both sides of the vehicle
body (when the total number of glass-breaking emergency windows on both
sides of the vehicle body is less than or equal to 4, then, all glass-breaking
emergency windows) have the automatic window-breaking function, they shall
be deemed as qualified.
6.3.6.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, bus exit shall satisfy the following
requirements:
a) For power-opened passenger doors, the door emergency controller shall be
normal, and there shall be clear symbols or characters indicating the
operation method nearby; the font height shall be no less than 10 mm;
b) There shall not be any devices other than protective devices to fix and lock
emergency doors;
c) The emergency hammers equipped near the glass-breaking emergency
window shall be complete; the push-pull emergency windows and external-
push emergency window operating devices shall be normal;
d) The emergency exit signs shall be complete and clear.
6.3.7 Passenger car passage and approach road
6.3.7.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the passage and approach
road of passenger car shall comply with the stipulations of relevant standards of GB
7258, GB 13094 and GB 24407.
6.3.7.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the passage and approach road
of passenger cars shall be unobstructed.
6.3.8 Cargo compartment / tank
6.3.8.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, cargo compartment / tank
shall satisfy the following requirements:
a) Vehicles shall not be equipped with structures and devices for heightening,
lengthening and widening the cargo compartment (cargo box); there shall be
no “removal of the top cover of vans”, “removal of the roof bar of stake trucks”,
“there are locks used to fixate containers on the slab of flat trucks / trailers”,
or “there are hinges on the fence of trucks / trailers to facilitate the heightening
of the fence”;
vehicles, the trademark or factory mark shall not be changed;
b) The bumper, rear-view mirror and down-view mirror shall be intact; the lamps
shall not be damaged or missing;
c) Window glass shall be complete; in the driver’s viewing area, there shall be
no cracks or damage. For passenger cars, and heavy and medium-sized
trucks, the window glass beyond the driver’s viewing area shall not have
perforations or cracks exceeding 25 mm in length. All window glasses shall
not be pasted with mirror reflective sunshade film;
d) The vehicle body shall be straight; the height difference between the left and
right symmetrical parts of the outer edge of the vehicle body shall be less than
or equal to 40 mm;
e) On the exterior of the vehicle body, there shall be no obvious mirror reflection
(except for the use of chrome plating and stainless steel decorative parts in
some areas); there shall be no any external components that might touch
pedestrians, cyclists and other traffic participants; there shall be no any sharp
corners, sharp edges and other protrusions that might cause injuries;
f) The vehicle body (compartment) and its paint surface shall not have over
three slight cracks, rusts or obvious deformations;
g) Sprayed and pasted logo, or vehicle advertisement shall not affect safe driving.
6.4.1.2 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection and in-use motor vehicle
safety inspection, vehicles with corresponding vehicle type and nature of use shall also
satisfy the following requirements:
a) The cargo compartment of trucks and trailers shall be firmly installed; the
breast board and bottom plate shall be regular; the strength shall satisfy the
requirements of use; the installed safety frame shall be intact.
b) School buses and other buses with a length greater than 7.5 m shall not be
equipped with outer roof racks. In terms of passenger cars equipped with an
outer roof rack, the length of the outer roof rack shall not exceed 1/3 of the
length and the height shall not exceed 300 mm.
c) The visible light transmittance of the driver’s visual area of the front windshield
and the part used by the driver to observe the exterior rearview mirror while
driving shall be greater than or equal to 70%. School buses, highway
passenger cars and sightseeing buses that have exited factory since
September 1, 2012, passenger cars and vans with passenger standing area
and have exited factory since January 1, 2018, the visible light transmittance
of all window glass shall be greater than 50%. For school buses, highway
passenger standing area shall be equipped with a single fuel tank. In addition,
the volume of the single fuel tank shall be less than or equal to 400 L.
l) The front and rear anti-collision devices installed on passenger cars, and the
windshields, water tanks, toolboxes and spare tyre racks installed on trucks,
special operating vehicles and trailers shall not affect the safety and the
recognition of license plate number.
m) The front and rear shock absorbers, steering upper and lower joint plates, and
steering handles of three-wheeled vehicles and motorcycles shall not
manifest any deformation or cracks. The left and right rearview mirrors shall
be complete and effective. The seat cushions, armrests (or straps), pedals
and mudguards shall be complete, firm and reliable. For three-wheeled
vehicles without a cab, the front of the cargo box shall be equipped with a
safety frame that is at least 800 mm above the plane of the driver’s seat
cushion.
n) Above the exterior rearview mirror on both sides of the vehicle body or on both
sides of the front of the vehicle body of learner-driven vehicles (except for
three-wheeled vehicles) and vehicles for self-learning shall respectively have
at least one auxiliary exterior rearview mirror. In the vehicles for self-learning,
there shall also be one auxiliary interior rearview mirror (except for when the
original vehicle is equipped with a non-glass material device that blocks the
field of view of the interior rearview mirror). The reflective surface area of each
auxiliary rearview mirror shall be no less than 50% of the reflective surface
area of the corresponding rearview mirror of the original vehicle. The auxiliary
rearview mirror shall be firmly installed; there shall be absolutely no sharp
corners, sharp edges and other protrusions that might cause injuries. While
sitting in the co-pilot position, the inspector shall be able to completely observe
the reflective surfaces of all auxiliary rearview mirrors, and effectively observe
the traffic conditions on both sides and behind the vehicle through the auxiliary
rearview mirrors.
6.4.1.3 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the motor vehicle
submitted for inspection shall also satisfy the following requirements:
a) The front of the cargo compartment of trucks (except for stake trucks and
trucks with a loading mass less than 1,000 kg) shall be equipped with a safety
frame that is at least 70 mm higher than the cab;
b) On both sides of the cab (area) of compartment trucks and closed trucks,
there shall be windows. No windows shall be installed in the cargo
compartment [except for observation windows in the cab (area) for observing
the state of cargos and the vents of vehicles transporting specific items];
c) The top of the tank body of tank-type dangerous goods transport vehicles
be sprayed on both sides of the cab (area). For all semi-trailer tractors, the
maximum allowable traction mass shall be sprayed on both sides of the cab
(area). For trucks (except for multi-purpose trucks) and self-lighting trucks
whose cargo-carrying part is the breast board structure, the height of the
breast board shall be sprayed on both sides of the cab. For tank vehicles and
tank trailers (except for tank-type dangerous goods transport vehicles), the
type of goods allowed to be transported and the tank volume that is consistent
with the motor vehicle product announcement and the motor vehicle exit-
factory certificate shall be sprayed on the tank body. For tank-type dangerous
goods transport vehicles that have exited factory since January 1, 2018, the
name of allowed cargos sprayed on the tank body shall be consistent with the
motor vehicle product announcement and the motor vehicle exit-factory
certificate. For tank-type dangerous goods transport vehicles that have exited
factory since January 1, 2018, the tank body or the right side of the support
welded to the tank body shall have a metal tank nameplate, which shall be
marked with a uniqueness code, tank body design code and tank volume, etc.
For trailers whose cargo-carrying part is the breast board structure, the height
of the breast board shall be sprayed on both sides of the compartment. For
refrigerated trucks, the obvious characters “Refrigerated Truck” and the
English letters of the category of refrigerated truck shall be sprayed or pasted
on the visible parts on both sides of the exterior. The sprayed Chinese and
Arabic numerals shall be distinct, and the height shall be more than or equal
to 80 mm;
b) For all passenger cars (except for special-purpose school buses and
passenger cars with passenger standing area) and vans that have exited
factory since January 1, 2018, in the visible part near the passenger door on
the exterior of the vehicle body, Chinese and Arabic numerals with a height
greater than or equal to 100 mm shall be used to indicate the number of seats
provided by the vehicle for the occupants (including the driver). For passenger
cars with under-carriage luggage compartments and have exited factory since
January 1, 2018, in the visible part at the front after the luggage compartment
is opened, there shall be a permanently maintained mark indicating the
maximum total mass of luggage that can be carried in all luggage
compartments;
c) For special-purpose school buses, and non-dedicated school buses sprayed
or pasted with the appearance marking of special-purpose school bus, the
marking shall be composed of school bus logo, the Chinese characters
and shall comply with the relevant stipulations of GB 24315;
d) For vehicles with a maximum design speed less than 70 km/h and have exited
factory since January 1, 2018 (except for low-speed vehicles and passenger
truck chassis (except for fire-fighting trucks), trailers with a total mass greater than
3,500 kg, and passenger cars with a length greater than or equal to 6 m (except for
special-purpose school buses and large-sized police buses), enlarged license plate
number shall be sprayed or pasted / placed on the rear of the vehicle body
(compartment). For self-lighting vehicles with a total mass greater than or equal to
12,000 kg, enlarged license plate number shall also be sprayed on both sides of the
compartment. When due to structural restrictions, the enlarged license plate number
cannot be pasted / placed at the rear of the vehicle, if the enlarged license plate number
is sprayed on both sides of the compartment, the vehicle shall be deemed qualified.
The enlarged license plate number shall be distinct and comply with the spraying or
pasting / placement position, size and appearance requirements of enlarged license
plate number in GA 36.
6.4.3 External lighting and signaling device
6.4.3.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection and in-use motor vehicle
safety inspection, the external lighting and signaling device shall satisfy the following
requirements:
a) The front lighting and signaling devices, such as: headlights, front lights, front
turn signal lights, front hazard warning signals, outline marker lights and tow
bar trailer marker lights shall be complete and work properly. The high-beam
and low-beam conversion function of the headlights shall be normal; the far-
beam irradiation position shall not be abnormally high;
b) The rear position lights, rear turn signal lights, rear hazard warning signals,
outline marker lights, brake lights, rear fog lights, rear license plate lights,
reversing lights and rear reflectors shall be complete and work properly. The
luminous intensity of the brake lights shall be significantly greater than that of
the rear position lights;
c) The side turn signal lights, the installed side marker lights and the side
reflectors shall be complete and work properly;
d) There shall be no obvious differences in the light color and brightness of
symmetrically set lamps with the same functions. The light color of the turn
signal lights shall be amber;
e) In addition to turn signal lights, hazard warning signals, emergency brake
signals, school bus marker lights; indicator lamps of special operating vehicles,
such as: road sweepers and guardrail cleaning vehicles; as well as
identification lamps of fire-fighting vehicles, ambulances, engineering rescue
vehicles and police vehicles, other external lamps shall not have the function
of flashing;
f) For trucks, special operating vehicles and trailers with a total mass greater
fastened”, “stud holes are severely worn”, “wheel flanges are broken, tyre lock
rings or ends contact with each other”, and “wheel hubs are damaged or
broken”;
d) For passenger cars and trucks that have exited factory since January 1, 2018,
on the wheels, and all bolts and nuts on the wheels, there shall be no
decorative covers or decorative caps that hinder the inspection of their
technical conditions (except for decorative covers and decorative caps that
are easy t......
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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