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GB 38900-2020: PDF in English

GB 38900-2020 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.180 R 80 Replacing GB 21861-2014, GB 18565-2016 Items and Methods for Safety Technology Inspection of Motor Vehicles ISSUED ON: MAY 26, 2020 IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 1, 2021 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3  1 Scope ... 10  2 Normative References ... 10  3 Terms, Definitions and Abbreviations ... 12  4 Inspection Items ... 13  5 Inspection Methods ... 20  6 Inspection Requirements ... 27  7 Determination, Disposal and Data Archiving of Inspection Results ... 60  8 Requirements for Transitional Period of Standard Implementation ... 62  Appendix A (informative) Flow of Motor Vehicle Safety Technology Inspection ... 63  Appendix B (normative) Measurement of Overall Dimensions ... 64  Appendix C (normative) Curb Weight / Net Weight Measurement ... 68  Appendix D (normative) Braking Performance Inspection ... 70  Appendix E (normative) Headlamp Inspection ... 78  Appendix F (normative) Directive Wheel Lateral Slip Inspection ... 81  Appendix G (normative) Motor Vehicle Safety Technology Inspection Report (model) ... 83  Appendix H (normative) Motor Vehicle Safety Technology Inspection Table (manual inspection part) ... 88  Appendix I (normative) Motor Vehicle Safety Technology Inspection Table (instruments and equipment inspection part) ... 92  Bibliography ... 102  Items and Methods for Safety Technology Inspection of Motor Vehicles 1 Scope This Standard specifies the inspection items, inspection methods, inspection requirements, and the determination, disposal and data archiving of inspection results for safety technology inspection of motor vehicles. This Standard is applicable to the safety technology inspection of motor vehicles by institutions with inspection and testing qualifications. This Standard is also applicable to the safety technology inspection of inbound motor vehicles by institutions engaged in inspection and testing of inbound motor vehicles. Motor vehicles approved for actual road test and motor vehicles temporarily entering the country may receive the safety technology inspection in accordance with this Standard. This Standard is not applicable to the safety technology inspection of tractors traveling on roads, for example, tractor transport unit. 2 Normative References The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB 1589 Limits of Dimensions, Axle Load and Masses for Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Combination Vehicles GB/T 3730.2 Road Vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and Codes GB 4785 Prescription for Installation of the External Lighting and Light-signaling Devices for Motor Vehicles and Their Trailers GB 7258 Technical Specifications for Safety of Power-driven Vehicles Operating on Roads GB 7258-2017 Technical Specifications for Safety of Power-driven Vehicles Operating on Roads GB 11567 Motor Vehicles and Trailers - Lateral and Rear Underrun Protection Requirements GB 13094 Safety Requirements for Bus Construction GB 13392 The Vehicle Mark for Road Transportation Dangerous Goods GB 16735 Road Vehicle - Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) GB/T 17676 Natural Gas Vehicle and Liquefied Petroleum Gas Vehicle Identification Marks GB/T 18284 QR Code GB 18564.1 Road Tanker for Dangerous Liquid Goods Transportation - Part 1: Technical Requirements of Atmospheric Pressure Metal Tank GB 18564.2 Road Tanker for Dangerous Liquid Goods Transportation - Part 2: Technical Requirements of Atmospheric Pressure Non-metal Tank GB/T 19056 Vehicle Traveling Data Recorder GB 19151 Warning Triangles for Motor Vehicle GB 20300 Safety Specifications for Road Transportation Vehicle of Explosive Substance and Chemical Toxic Substance GB 23254 Retro-reflective Markings for Trucks and Trailers GB 24315 The Marker for School Bus GB 24407 The Safety Technique Specifications of Special School Bus GB 25990 Rear-marking Plates for Vehicles and Their Trailers GB/T 26765 Specifications for Power-driven Vehicle Safety Inspection Business Information System and Networking GB 34655 Specifications for Extinguishing Equipment Arrangement in Bus GA 36 License Plate of Motor Vehicle of The People’s Republic of China GA 802 Types of Motor Vehicle - Terms and Definitions GA 804 Special Fixing Device for License Plate of Motor Vehicle GA 1186 General Technical Specifications for Monitoring System of Vehicle Safety Inspection motor vehicles submitted for inspection shall be consistent with the exit-factory certificate (for imported vehicles, the customs goods import certificate). 6.2.1.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the license plate number and classification of motor vehicles submitted for inspection shall be consistent with the content of endorsement of vehicle registration certificate (or motor vehicle registration information, the same below). 6.2.2 Vehicle identification number (or complete-vehicle exit-factory number) 6.2.2.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the vehicle identification number (or complete-vehicle exit-factory number) of motor vehicles submitted for inspection shall satisfy: a) Vehicle identification number (or complete-vehicle exit-factory number) shall be consistent with the inscribed film of motor vehicle exit-factory certificate (for imported vehicles, the customs goods import certificate) and vehicle identification number; the content and composition of the vehicle identification number shall comply with relevant stipulations of GB 16735. In case of inscription, the inscribed area and depth, and the height of letters and numbers shall comply with relevant stipulations of GB 7258. In addition, there shall be no chiseling, patching, polishing, gaskets, repainting (except for the situation where the painting process is used to protect the inscribed vehicle identification number in design and manufacture) or unauthorized re- inscribing; b) For passenger cars that have exited factory since March 1, 2013, and trucks (except for low-speed cars) with a total mass less than or equal to 3,500 kg, the vehicle identification number marking near the windshield pillar shall be clearly readable from outside the car; c) For trucks with a total mass greater than or equal to 12,000 kg and have exited factory since January 1, 2019, special operating vehicles with modified truck chassis and all tow bar trailers, the vehicle identification number shall be inscribed on the outside of the front longitudinal beam of the longitudinal centerline of the right front wheel. If restricted by the structure, it may also be inscribed on the outside of the longitudinal beam near the longitudinal centerline of the right front wheel. For semi-trailers and mid-axle trailers that have exited factory since January 1, 2019, the vehicle identification number shall be inscribed on the outside of the front longitudinal beam of the right front leg (except for when there is no longitudinal beam); d) For fence-type trucks, stake trucks, self-lighting trucks and tank trucks with a total mass greater than or equal to 12,000 kg and have exited factory since January 1, 2018, and fence-type trucks, stake trucks, self-lighting trucks and tank trucks with a total mass greater than or equal to 10,000 kg, at least two inspection shall be consistent with the content of the endorsement of vehicle registration certificate. All the inscribed vehicle identification numbers shall not manifest chiseling, patching, polishing, gaskets, repainting (except for the situation where the painting process is used to protect the inscribed vehicle identification number in design and manufacture) or unauthorized re-inscribing. For fence-type trucks, stake trucks, self-lighting trucks and tank trucks with a total mass greater than or equal to 12,000 kg and have exited factory since January 1, 2018, and fence-type trucks, stake trucks, self-lighting trucks and tank trucks with a total mass greater than or equal to 10,000 kg, at least two vehicle identification numbers shall be inscribed on the cargo box or atmospheric tank (or structural parts that are designed and manufactured to be fixed on the cargo box or atmospheric tank, and used to connect with the vehicle frame). 6.2.3 Engine number / drive motor number 6.2.3.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the engine number / drive motor number of the motor vehicle submitted for inspection shall be consistent with the motor vehicle exit-factory certificate (for imported vehicles, the customs goods import certificate, etc.), and comply with relevant stipulations of GB 7258. In terms of other drive motors except for wheel motors and hub motors, if the inscribed motor model and number are covered, an observation port shall be left, or, a permanently maintainable marking of motor model and number shall be added to the covering part. 6.2.3.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the content recorded by the engine / drive motor marking of the motor vehicle submitted for inspection or the visible engine number / drive motor number shall be consistent with the endorsement of vehicle registration license. 6.2.3.3 During the inspection of motor vehicle that applies for a change of registration due to the replacement of engine, the replaced engine model shall be consistent with the registered engine model, or other engine models permitted to be installed in the announcement of corresponding vehicle products. 6.2.4 Vehicle color and appearance 6.2.4.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection: a) The appearance of motor vehicle (excluding the vehicle color) submitted for inspection shall be consistent with the announced photos of the motor vehicle product (for motor vehicles made in China); b) The motor vehicle submitted for inspection is deemed qualified if it is allowed to be changed by itself; c) Under the circumstance of ensured safety, and without changes of length, width or main body structure of the vehicle, passenger car submitted for 6.3.3.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the approved passenger capacity of the motor vehicle shall comply with the stipulations of 4.4.2 ~ 4.4.6 in GB 7258-2017 and shall be consistent with the motor vehicle product announcement and motor vehicle exit-factory certificate. The seat arrangement shall comply with the stipulations of 11.6 in GB 7258-2017 and shall be consistent with product operating manuals and other materials. 6.3.3.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the number of seats (berths) of the motor vehicle shall be consistent with the content of endorsement of the vehicle registration certificate. The seat arrangement and fixation mode shall not manifest any modification. 6.3.4 Breast board height 6.3.4.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection and in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the breast board (including the cover) height shall not exceed the limits specified in GB 1589. 6.3.4.2 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the breast board (including the cover) height of trucks and trailers shall be consistent with the breast board height in the motor vehicle product announcement and motor vehicle exit-factory certificate, and sprayed on both sides of the cab, and the error shall not exceed ± 50 mm. 6.3.4.3 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the breast board (including the cover) height of trucks and trailers shall be consistent with the breast board height in the vehicle registration information, and sprayed on both sides of the cab, and the error shall not exceed ± 50 mm. 6.3.5 Suspension 6.3.5.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the number of leaf springs on the rear axle of trucks (except for three-wheeled vehicles), trailers and special operating vehicles shall be consistent with the motor vehicle product announcement and motor vehicle exit-factory certificate, and there shall be no obvious widening or thickening. The rear axle of dangerous goods transport vehicles with a total mass greater than or equal to 12,000 kg and have exited factory since January 1, 2020, all dangerous goods transport semi-trailers, as well as three-axle fence-type trucks and stake semi-trailers shall be equipped with air suspension. 6.3.5.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the number of leaf springs on the rear axle of trucks (except for three-wheeled vehicles), trailers and special operating vehicles shall be consistent with the motor vehicle registration information, and there shall be no obvious widening or thickening. 6.3.6 Bus exit of the external-push emergency window glass shall be marked with a breaking point marking (an emergency hammer shall be allocated nearby). For other passenger cars without passenger standing area, and with a length more than 9 m, and have exited factory since January 1, 2019, when at least two glass- breaking emergency windows respectively set on both sides of the vehicle body (when the total number of glass-breaking emergency windows on both sides of the vehicle body is less than or equal to 4, then, all glass-breaking emergency windows) have the automatic window-breaking function, they shall be deemed as qualified. 6.3.6.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, bus exit shall satisfy the following requirements: a) For power-opened passenger doors, the door emergency controller shall be normal, and there shall be clear symbols or characters indicating the operation method nearby; the font height shall be no less than 10 mm; b) There shall not be any devices other than protective devices to fix and lock emergency doors; c) The emergency hammers equipped near the glass-breaking emergency window shall be complete; the push-pull emergency windows and external- push emergency window operating devices shall be normal; d) The emergency exit signs shall be complete and clear. 6.3.7 Passenger car passage and approach road 6.3.7.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the passage and approach road of passenger car shall comply with the stipulations of relevant standards of GB 7258, GB 13094 and GB 24407. 6.3.7.2 During in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the passage and approach road of passenger cars shall be unobstructed. 6.3.8 Cargo compartment / tank 6.3.8.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, cargo compartment / tank shall satisfy the following requirements: a) Vehicles shall not be equipped with structures and devices for heightening, lengthening and widening the cargo compartment (cargo box); there shall be no “removal of the top cover of vans”, “removal of the roof bar of stake trucks”, “there are locks used to fixate containers on the slab of flat trucks / trailers”, or “there are hinges on the fence of trucks / trailers to facilitate the heightening of the fence”; vehicles, the trademark or factory mark shall not be changed; b) The bumper, rear-view mirror and down-view mirror shall be intact; the lamps shall not be damaged or missing; c) Window glass shall be complete; in the driver’s viewing area, there shall be no cracks or damage. For passenger cars, and heavy and medium-sized trucks, the window glass beyond the driver’s viewing area shall not have perforations or cracks exceeding 25 mm in length. All window glasses shall not be pasted with mirror reflective sunshade film; d) The vehicle body shall be straight; the height difference between the left and right symmetrical parts of the outer edge of the vehicle body shall be less than or equal to 40 mm; e) On the exterior of the vehicle body, there shall be no obvious mirror reflection (except for the use of chrome plating and stainless steel decorative parts in some areas); there shall be no any external components that might touch pedestrians, cyclists and other traffic participants; there shall be no any sharp corners, sharp edges and other protrusions that might cause injuries; f) The vehicle body (compartment) and its paint surface shall not have over three slight cracks, rusts or obvious deformations; g) Sprayed and pasted logo, or vehicle advertisement shall not affect safe driving. 6.4.1.2 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection and in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, vehicles with corresponding vehicle type and nature of use shall also satisfy the following requirements: a) The cargo compartment of trucks and trailers shall be firmly installed; the breast board and bottom plate shall be regular; the strength shall satisfy the requirements of use; the installed safety frame shall be intact. b) School buses and other buses with a length greater than 7.5 m shall not be equipped with outer roof racks. In terms of passenger cars equipped with an outer roof rack, the length of the outer roof rack shall not exceed 1/3 of the length and the height shall not exceed 300 mm. c) The visible light transmittance of the driver’s visual area of the front windshield and the part used by the driver to observe the exterior rearview mirror while driving shall be greater than or equal to 70%. School buses, highway passenger cars and sightseeing buses that have exited factory since September 1, 2012, passenger cars and vans with passenger standing area and have exited factory since January 1, 2018, the visible light transmittance of all window glass shall be greater than 50%. For school buses, highway passenger standing area shall be equipped with a single fuel tank. In addition, the volume of the single fuel tank shall be less than or equal to 400 L. l) The front and rear anti-collision devices installed on passenger cars, and the windshields, water tanks, toolboxes and spare tyre racks installed on trucks, special operating vehicles and trailers shall not affect the safety and the recognition of license plate number. m) The front and rear shock absorbers, steering upper and lower joint plates, and steering handles of three-wheeled vehicles and motorcycles shall not manifest any deformation or cracks. The left and right rearview mirrors shall be complete and effective. The seat cushions, armrests (or straps), pedals and mudguards shall be complete, firm and reliable. For three-wheeled vehicles without a cab, the front of the cargo box shall be equipped with a safety frame that is at least 800 mm above the plane of the driver’s seat cushion. n) Above the exterior rearview mirror on both sides of the vehicle body or on both sides of the front of the vehicle body of learner-driven vehicles (except for three-wheeled vehicles) and vehicles for self-learning shall respectively have at least one auxiliary exterior rearview mirror. In the vehicles for self-learning, there shall also be one auxiliary interior rearview mirror (except for when the original vehicle is equipped with a non-glass material device that blocks the field of view of the interior rearview mirror). The reflective surface area of each auxiliary rearview mirror shall be no less than 50% of the reflective surface area of the corresponding rearview mirror of the original vehicle. The auxiliary rearview mirror shall be firmly installed; there shall be absolutely no sharp corners, sharp edges and other protrusions that might cause injuries. While sitting in the co-pilot position, the inspector shall be able to completely observe the reflective surfaces of all auxiliary rearview mirrors, and effectively observe the traffic conditions on both sides and behind the vehicle through the auxiliary rearview mirrors. 6.4.1.3 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection, the motor vehicle submitted for inspection shall also satisfy the following requirements: a) The front of the cargo compartment of trucks (except for stake trucks and trucks with a loading mass less than 1,000 kg) shall be equipped with a safety frame that is at least 70 mm higher than the cab; b) On both sides of the cab (area) of compartment trucks and closed trucks, there shall be windows. No windows shall be installed in the cargo compartment [except for observation windows in the cab (area) for observing the state of cargos and the vents of vehicles transporting specific items]; c) The top of the tank body of tank-type dangerous goods transport vehicles be sprayed on both sides of the cab (area). For all semi-trailer tractors, the maximum allowable traction mass shall be sprayed on both sides of the cab (area). For trucks (except for multi-purpose trucks) and self-lighting trucks whose cargo-carrying part is the breast board structure, the height of the breast board shall be sprayed on both sides of the cab. For tank vehicles and tank trailers (except for tank-type dangerous goods transport vehicles), the type of goods allowed to be transported and the tank volume that is consistent with the motor vehicle product announcement and the motor vehicle exit- factory certificate shall be sprayed on the tank body. For tank-type dangerous goods transport vehicles that have exited factory since January 1, 2018, the name of allowed cargos sprayed on the tank body shall be consistent with the motor vehicle product announcement and the motor vehicle exit-factory certificate. For tank-type dangerous goods transport vehicles that have exited factory since January 1, 2018, the tank body or the right side of the support welded to the tank body shall have a metal tank nameplate, which shall be marked with a uniqueness code, tank body design code and tank volume, etc. For trailers whose cargo-carrying part is the breast board structure, the height of the breast board shall be sprayed on both sides of the compartment. For refrigerated trucks, the obvious characters “Refrigerated Truck” and the English letters of the category of refrigerated truck shall be sprayed or pasted on the visible parts on both sides of the exterior. The sprayed Chinese and Arabic numerals shall be distinct, and the height shall be more than or equal to 80 mm; b) For all passenger cars (except for special-purpose school buses and passenger cars with passenger standing area) and vans that have exited factory since January 1, 2018, in the visible part near the passenger door on the exterior of the vehicle body, Chinese and Arabic numerals with a height greater than or equal to 100 mm shall be used to indicate the number of seats provided by the vehicle for the occupants (including the driver). For passenger cars with under-carriage luggage compartments and have exited factory since January 1, 2018, in the visible part at the front after the luggage compartment is opened, there shall be a permanently maintained mark indicating the maximum total mass of luggage that can be carried in all luggage compartments; c) For special-purpose school buses, and non-dedicated school buses sprayed or pasted with the appearance marking of special-purpose school bus, the marking shall be composed of school bus logo, the Chinese characters and shall comply with the relevant stipulations of GB 24315; d) For vehicles with a maximum design speed less than 70 km/h and have exited factory since January 1, 2018 (except for low-speed vehicles and passenger truck chassis (except for fire-fighting trucks), trailers with a total mass greater than 3,500 kg, and passenger cars with a length greater than or equal to 6 m (except for special-purpose school buses and large-sized police buses), enlarged license plate number shall be sprayed or pasted / placed on the rear of the vehicle body (compartment). For self-lighting vehicles with a total mass greater than or equal to 12,000 kg, enlarged license plate number shall also be sprayed on both sides of the compartment. When due to structural restrictions, the enlarged license plate number cannot be pasted / placed at the rear of the vehicle, if the enlarged license plate number is sprayed on both sides of the compartment, the vehicle shall be deemed qualified. The enlarged license plate number shall be distinct and comply with the spraying or pasting / placement position, size and appearance requirements of enlarged license plate number in GA 36. 6.4.3 External lighting and signaling device 6.4.3.1 During unregistered motor vehicle safety inspection and in-use motor vehicle safety inspection, the external lighting and signaling device shall satisfy the following requirements: a) The front lighting and signaling devices, such as: headlights, front lights, front turn signal lights, front hazard warning signals, outline marker lights and tow bar trailer marker lights shall be complete and work properly. The high-beam and low-beam conversion function of the headlights shall be normal; the far- beam irradiation position shall not be abnormally high; b) The rear position lights, rear turn signal lights, rear hazard warning signals, outline marker lights, brake lights, rear fog lights, rear license plate lights, reversing lights and rear reflectors shall be complete and work properly. The luminous intensity of the brake lights shall be significantly greater than that of the rear position lights; c) The side turn signal lights, the installed side marker lights and the side reflectors shall be complete and work properly; d) There shall be no obvious differences in the light color and brightness of symmetrically set lamps with the same functions. The light color of the turn signal lights shall be amber; e) In addition to turn signal lights, hazard warning signals, emergency brake signals, school bus marker lights; indicator lamps of special operating vehicles, such as: road sweepers and guardrail cleaning vehicles; as well as identification lamps of fire-fighting vehicles, ambulances, engineering rescue vehicles and police vehicles, other external lamps shall not have the function of flashing; f) For trucks, special operating vehicles and trailers with a total mass greater fastened”, “stud holes are severely worn”, “wheel flanges are broken, tyre lock rings or ends contact with each other”, and “wheel hubs are damaged or broken”; d) For passenger cars and trucks that have exited factory since January 1, 2018, on the wheels, and all bolts and nuts on the wheels, there shall be no decorative covers or decorative caps that hinder the inspection of their technical conditions (except for decorative covers and decorative caps that are easy t...... ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.