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Delivery: <= 5 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. GBZ128-2019: Specifications of individual monitoring for occupational external exposure Status: Valid GBZ128: Historical versions
Basic dataStandard ID: GBZ 128-2019 (GBZ128-2019)Description (Translated English): Specifications of individual monitoring for occupational external exposure Sector / Industry: National Standard Classification of Chinese Standard: C57 Classification of International Standard: 13.100 Word Count Estimation: 25,214 Date of Issue: 2019 Date of Implementation: 2020-04-01 Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration GBZ128-2019: Specifications of individual monitoring for occupational external exposure---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.Specifications of individual monitoring for occupational external exposure ICS 13.100 C 57 GBZ National Occupational Health Standards of the People's Republic of China Replace GBZ 128-2016 Specifications for personal monitoring of occupational external exposure 2019-09-27 released 2020-04-01 implementation Issued by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Table of contentsForeword...II 1 Scope...1 2 Normative references...1 3 Terms and definitions...1 4 Monitoring requirements...2 5 Monitoring system and usage requirements...3 6 Dose Evaluation...3 7 Quality Assurance...5 8 Records, files and reports...6 Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Main performance requirements of external radiation personal dose monitoring system...8 Appendix B (informative appendix) Estimation method of conversion coefficient from personal dose equivalent to effective dose...12 Appendix C (informative appendix) Occupational classification of occupational exposure and individual monitoring report requirements...17 Appendix D (Informative Appendix) Annual Statistical Table of Occupational External Exposure Personal Dose Monitoring Results...20 References...22ForewordChapter 4, 5.1, 5.2.1, 5.2.4, 5.2.6, 5.2.7, 5.3.1, and 5.3.2 of this standard are mandatory, and the rest are recommended. This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard replaces GBZ 128-2016 "Specifications for Personal Monitoring of Occupational External Exposure". Compared with GBZ 128-2016, except for editorial amendments The main technical changes of the external change are as follows. -Revised part of the normative references (see Chapter 2, Chapter 2 of the.2016 edition); --Modified some terms and definitions (see Chapter 3, Chapter 3 of the.2016 edition); --Modified the basic requirements for external exposure personal dosimeters (see 5.1, 5.1 of the.2016 edition); -Modified the selection of external exposure personal dosimeters (see 5.2, 5.2 of the.2016 edition); --Modified the requirements for wearing external radiation personal dosimeters (see 5.3, 5.3 of the.2016 edition); -Modified the general principles of dose evaluation (see 6.1, 6.1 of the.2016 edition); -Modified the personal monitoring and evaluation method of occupational external exposure (see 6.2,.2016 version 6.2); --Modified the dose survey content and survey form (see 8.1.3 and Appendix C, 8.1.3 and Appendix A of the.2016 edition); --Added the main performance requirements of the external radiation personal dose monitoring system (see Appendix A); ---Added the conversion coefficient estimation method from personal dose equivalent to effective dose (see Appendix B). Drafting organizations of this standard. Institute of Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Medicine, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Radiology Research Institute, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The main drafters of this standard. Guo Wen, Ding Yanqiu, Hu Aiying, Zhang Wenyi, Wan Ling, Zhai Hezheng, Zhang Xuan, Hao Shuxia, Wang Meijiao, Chen Fei. The previous versions of the standard replaced by this standard are as follows. --GB/T 5294-1985; --GB 5294-2001; --GBZ 128-2002; --GBZ 128-2016. Specifications for personal monitoring of occupational external exposure1 ScopeThis standard specifies the requirements and methods for personal monitoring of occupational external exposure. This standard applies to personal monitoring of occupational external exposure.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this document. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 10264-2014 Thermoluminescence dosimetry system for personal and environmental monitoring GB 18871 Basic standard for ionizing radiation protection and radiation source safety GBZ 207 Specification for performance inspection of external radiation personal dose system GBZ /T 261 Specification for Dose Reconstruction of Organs of Exposure Persons in External Exposure Radiation Accidents GBZ /T 301 Estimation method of lens dose caused by ionizing radiation3 Terms and definitionsThe following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Individual monitoring of external exposure Use the staff to wear a dosimeter to measure the personal dose equivalent and explain the measurement results. 3.2 Personal dose equivalent The dose equivalent Hp(d) in the soft tissue at an appropriate depth d below a specified point in the human body. 3.3 Minimum detectable level; MDL A statistical value used to evaluate the detection ability of a measuring instrument. Under a given confidence level, a measurement method can detect a difference from the original The minimum value of the bottom value. 3.4 Abnormal exposure When the radiation source is out of control, the exposure received by workers or members of the public may exceed the dose limit. Note. Abnormal exposure can be divided into accident exposure and emergency exposure. 3.5 Investigation level The prescribed value such as effective dose, intake or pollution level per unit area or volume, etc., should be adjusted when these values are reached or exceeded. check. 3.6 Notional dose In personal dose monitoring, when the dosimeter worn by the staff is lost, damaged, or for other reasons, the reading cannot be obtained or the reading cannot be correct. When it accurately reflects the dose received by the staff, use other methods to give the dosimeter the expected dose estimate. 3.7 Routine monitoring In order to determine whether the working conditions are suitable for continuing the operation, the monitoring is carried out at a prescribed place at a predetermined time interval. 3.8 Task-related monitoring Personal monitoring to provide immediate decision-making on operations and management for specific operations. 3.9 Special monitoring In order to explain a specific problem, and in a limited period of personal monitoring.4 Monitoring requirements4.1 Quantity and unit of monitoring Personal monitoring of occupational external exposure includes Hp(10), Hp(3), Hp(0.07). a) Hp(10), suitable for the monitoring of organs or tissues at a depth of 10 mm under the body surface, and used for effective dose evaluation under specific conditions. The bit is millisievert (mSv); b) Hp(3), suitable for the monitoring of organs or tissues at a depth of 3 mm below the body surface, used for the evaluation of the lens dose, in millisievo Special (mSv); c) Hp(0.07), suitable for the monitoring of organs or tissues at a depth of 0.07 mm below the body surface, used for skin dose evaluation, in millisieverts Water (mSv). 4.2 Types of monitoring Personal monitoring of external exposure can be divided into routine monitoring, task-related monitoring and special monitoring. 4.3 Monitoring period or frequency 4.3.1 The period of routine monitoring should comprehensively consider the nature of the work of the radiation workers, the size of the dose received, the degree of dose variation and the dose The performance of the meter and many other factors. The routine monitoring period is generally 1 month, and the longest should not exceed 3 months. 4.3.2 Task-related monitoring and special monitoring should be carried out according to the needs of radiation monitoring practice.5 Monitoring system and usage requirements5.1 Basic requirements for personal dose monitoring system See Appendix A for the main performance requirements of the personal dose monitoring system. 5.2 Dosimeter 5.2.1 According to the actual situation of individual monitoring, Hp(10), Hp(3) and Hp(0.07) personal dosimeters should be selected for personal monitoring; if If there is no commercial dosimeter that meets the definition of Hp(3), or there is no condition to calibrate the Hp(3) dosimeter, use the method recommended by ICRP to use Hp(10) or Hp(0.07) For the monitoring results of the dosimeter, refer to the method recommended by GBZ /T 301 to estimate Hp(3). 5.2.2 When there is only photon radiation and the photon energy is ≥15 keV, a conventional photon personal dosimeter should be used to monitor Hp(10). 5.2.3 For the mixed radiation field of strong penetrating radiation and weak penetrating radiation, when the dose contribution of weak penetrating radiation is ≤10%, generally only monitoring Hp(10); when the contribution of weakly penetrating radiation is more than 10%, it is advisable to use a differential personal dosimeter that can identify the two, or use a body dosimeter and The local dosimeter measures Hp(10) and Hp(0.07) respectively. 5.2.4 For the mixed radiation field of neutron and gamma rays, the ratio of neutron dose to gamma dose does not exceed 10%, and it can only be measured by photon dosimeter Determine the photon dose, and then calculate the total dose based on the photon dose monitoring result and the rough ratio between the two; the ratio of the neutron dose to the gamma dose exceeds 10%. In principle, a discriminating personal dosimeter capable of measuring neutron dose and photon dose separately should be used. [Neutron dose measurement can use solid core diameter Trace detectors, thermoluminescence detectors (TLD) albedo dosimeters, etc.], respectively measure the individual dose equivalents of neutrons and photons, and then calculate the total dose. 5.2.5 When engaged in operations that may cause non-uniform exposure, a local dose should be worn on the parts of the staff that may be exposed to greater exposure Meter (such as headband dosimeter, wrist dosimeter, ring dosimeter, etc.). 5.2.6 In the event that the expected external exposure dose may exceed the dose limit (for example, when performing operations or emergency During operation), in addition to routine monitoring personal dosimeters, staff should also wear alarm-type personal dosimeters or accident dosimeters. 5.2.7 The dosimeter should have an easily identifiable mark and code, and its size, shape, structure and weight should be suitable, easy to wear and not affect work. 5.3 Wear 5.3.1 For a relatively uniform radiation field, when the radiation is mainly from the front, the dosimeter should be worn in the middle of the front of the human torso. It is usually on the left chest or the neckline corresponding to the collarbone; when the radiation is mainly from the back of the human body, the dosimeter should be worn in the middle of the back. 5.3.2 For work situations where the whole body is not uniformly illuminated, such as interventional radiology, nuclear medicine radiopharmaceutical packaging and injection, etc., it should be outside the lead apron Wear a dosimeter at the neckline corresponding to the collarbone. 5.3.3 For the working conditions described in 5.3.2, it is recommended to use a dual dosimeter monitoring method (wear another dose on the inner trunk of the lead apron) It is advisable to wear local dosimeters (such as headband dosimeters, wrist dosimeters, ring dosimeters, etc.) on parts of the body that may be exposed to greater exposure.6 Dose evaluation6.1 General principles of dose evaluation 6.1.1 In accordance with the provisions of GB 18871, evaluate the annual effective dose for occupational exposure. 6.1.2 When the occupational exposure dose is greater than the survey level, in addition to recording the results of personal monitoring doses, further investigations should be conducted. This standard The quasi-recommended annual survey level is the effective dose of 5 mSv, and the single-cycle survey level is 5 mSv/(number of annual monitoring cycles). 6.1.3 When the annual personal dose equivalent of radiation workers is less than 20 mSv, generally only the personal dose equivalent Hp(10) is considered as an effective agent Otherwise, estimate the effective dose of the personnel; when the dose of the lens, skin and limbs of the personnel may exceed the corresponding year When the equivalent dose limit is used, the annual effective dose is given while the annual equivalent dose is estimated. 6.2 Evaluation method of personal monitoring dose of external exposure 6.2.1 Personal monitoring of occupational external exposure is generally based on the measured personal dose equivalent Hp(d) for personal dose evaluation. 6.2.2 When the annual radiation dose of radiation workers is lower than the corresponding limit, the personal dose equivalent obtained by personal monitoring of occupational external exposure Hp(10) can be directly regarded as an effective dose.7 Quality Assurance7.1 General requirements 7.1.1 Quality assurance will always run through the whole process from monitoring plan formulation to result evaluation. 7.1.2 Develop a complete personal monitoring plan. When formulating a personal monitoring plan, develop a quality assurance plan at the same time. 7.1.3 Quality assurance meets at least the following requirements. a) Choose dosimeters, equipment and instruments that meet the requirements and work normally; b) Equipment and instruments used for regular verification/calibration and maintenance; c) Periodic comparison of selected measurement methods; d) Perform the performance and quality control of the external radiation personal dose system according to the requirements of GBZ 207; e) Perform dose evaluation according to the provisions of this standard; f) Record and save monitoring data according to the requirements of this standard; g) Provide technical training to relevant personnel, and monitor the work by qualified personnel; h) Actively participate in the mutual comparison between laboratories. 7.2 Quality control of the monitoring system 7.2.1 The personal dose monitoring system meets the basic performance requirements of 5.1. 7.2.2 Use control dosimeters that can provide background information. 7.2.3 In order to control the dispersion of the personal dose detectors used, appropriate screening should be carried out. 7.2.4 The quality control of the dose measurement system shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GBZ 207. 7.3 Quality assurance of the implementation of the monitoring process 7.3.1 Formulate and strictly abide by the operating procedures for the issuance, wearing, transportation, recycling and storage of dosimeters. 7.3.2 The personal dosimeter shall be protected from any artificial radiation during non-working period. 7.3.3 When using dual dosimeters for monitoring, take corresponding measures to ensure that the two dosimeters are worn correctly. 7.3.4 During personal monitoring, data processing shall be carried out according to the following requirements. a) Use appropriate statistical methods to minimize measurement errors that may occur and accumulate during data processing; b) Pay attention to the correct representation of the effective digits of the measurement data, and the number of significant digits of the data appropriately reflects the accuracy of the measurement value; c) Use re-examination methods on site, or use appropriate statistical methods to eliminate abnormal data. While removing abnormal data, it also checks Investigate and analyze its causes, and record them. 7.4 Requirements for the uncertainty of personal monitoring of occupational external exposure 7.4.1 When the monitored dose level is close to or exceeds the dose limit, the relative uncertainty of photon radiation does not exceed 50% (95% confidence level). Level), the uncertainty requirements for electrons and neutrons with unknown energy can be allowed to be wider. 7.4.2 When the monitored dose level is lower than the dose limit, for any radiation, the uncertainty requirements can be further relaxed until the relative The uncertainty does not exceed 100% (95% confidence level). 7.4.3 For the specific method of uncertainty evaluation, see GBZ 207. 8 Records, files and reports 8.1 Record 8.1.1 The general requirements are as follows. a) Records include. pretreatment, measurement, calibration, personal monitoring results, quality assurance and dose evaluation, etc., including workplace monitoring results when necessary; b) Record the complete monitoring process clearly, concisely and accurately; c) Use multiple methods to back up the monitoring records and properly preserve the original recorded data. Facilitate the review of dose data when the dose estimation method changes; d) Radiation workers are allowed to inquire about their own occupational exposure records; occupational health management personnel are allowed to inquire about related occupational exposure records and related materials. 8.1.2 The individual monitoring results of external exposure are recorded on a unified form. a) For occupational classification of occupational exposure, refer to Table C.1 of Appendix C; b) For the record of routine monitoring results and the elements of the evaluation report form, see C.2 and C.3 of Appendix C; c) Refer to Appendix C C.4 for the elements of the staff abnormal result questionnaire. 8.1.3 Investigation of abnormal results. When the personal monitoring result of occupational external exposure exceeds the survey level, the survey shall be conducted according to the content shown in C.4 of Appendix C. 8.1.4 Determination of the nominal dose. a) When the dosimeter is lost, damaged, cannot get a reading for some reason, or the reading does not accurately reflect the dose received by the staff, confirm Determine its nominal dose, and record the nominal dose and its determination method in the monitoring record; b) Choose one of the following methods to determine the nominal dose according to the specific situation. 1) Estimate the dose with the instant dose recorded by the instant dosimeter worn at the same time; 2) Calculate the dose based on the monitoring results at the same time and place; 3) Use the average dose received by the staff engaged in the same job in the same monitoring period; 4) Use the average dose received by the staff in the previous year, that is, nominal dose = previous year dose³ monitoring period (d)/365; c) Records of dosimeters with a wearing period of more than 3 months. the dose is given in the nominal dose with appropriate explanation; the report can be given Actual results must be shown, but it must be stated that the results do not meet the specifications of this standard. 8.1.5 Records where the monitoring result is less than the minimum detection level. When the personal monitoring result of the external exposure of the staff is less than the MDL value, the report 8.2 File 8.2.1 In addition to the personal dose records of radiation workers during their normal work, personal dose files also include their For the records of overexposure under conditions (accidents or emergencies), refer to C.4 of Appendix C for investigation and registration. 8.2.2 Personal dose files of occupational exposure are kept for life. 8.3 Report 8.3.1 The personal dose monitoring technical service agency shall issue a test/inspection report within one month after completing the monitoring task of a monitoring cycle. For the elements contained in the report, see Appendix C, C.2. 8.3.2 The radiological work unit shall give feedback on the handling opinions within 2 weeks ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GBZ128-2019_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GBZ128-2019_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 3 ~ 5 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GBZ128-2019_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of GBZ128-2019_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually pays for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet.Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?Answer: Yes. 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