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GB/T 40281-2021 English PDF

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US$519.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 5 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email.
GB/T 40281-2021: Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions in steel - Extremum analytical method
Status: Valid

Standard ID	USD	BUY PDF	Lead-Days	Standard Title (Description)	Status
GB/T 40281-2021	519	Add to Cart	5 days	Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions in steel - Extremum analytical method	Valid

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Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 40281-2021 (GB/T40281-2021)
Description (Translated English): Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions in steel - Extremum analytical method
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: H24
Word Count Estimation: 26,294
Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 40281-2021: Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions in steel - Extremum analytical method

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Determination of content of nonmetallic inclusions in steel - Extremum analytical method ICS 77.040.99 CCSH24 National Standards of People's Republic of China Determination of the content of non-metallic inclusions in steel Extreme value analysis Released on 2021-08-20 2022-03-01 implementation State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee

Foreword Ⅰ Introduction Ⅱ 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Symbols and abbreviations 5 5 Principle and Application 6 6 Operation process 6 7 Test report 11 Appendix A (informative) Calculation formula for extreme value of non-metallic inclusion size (length, diameter or area) 13 Appendix B (informative) Example of extreme value analysis of non-metallic inclusions in steel 15 Appendix C (Informative) Example of extreme value analysis of non-metallic inclusions in the as-cast state of the smelting process 21

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents" Drafting. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this document is not responsible for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the China Iron and Steel Association. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Steel Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC183). The main drafting units of this document. Fushun Special Steel Co., Ltd., Qiqihar Huagong Machine Tool Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Yonggang Group Co., Ltd., Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Metallurgical Industry Information Standards Research Institute, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, China Technical Economics Association. The main drafters of this document. Cheng Lijie, Ju Xinhua, Gu Qiang, Li Jikang, Li Tao, Wu Jinyuan, Yan Chengming, Zhai Jilong, Yu Chao, Sun Jiqiang.

Introduction

The presence of large non-metallic oxide inclusions in steel will cause the decline of the metal's mechanical properties, resulting in unqualified performance. Non-metallic inclusions The test method standards such as GB/T 10561 adopt the comparative method to assess the level. The level and the length of non-metallic inclusions increase exponentially. Continuous data is difficult to correlate with the fatigue life of parts, and the detected non-metallic inclusions are accidental and the data is discrete. Some research sheets Obviously, the extreme value analysis method applies statistical principles, increases the number of inspections for non-metallic inclusions, and performs statistical analysis on the data, which can be reflected to the greatest extent. Reflect the distribution of non-metallic inclusions and reduce chance. The extreme value of non-metallic inclusions analyzed by the extreme value analysis method can better reflect the The overall state of the existing non-metallic inclusions is continuously comparable in value, which can establish a correlation with the life of the part. The extreme value analysis method allows the tester to analyze the maximum value of the endogenous non-metallic inclusions or the second phase in the steel. Under normal circumstances, measurable The largest oxidized inclusion in the tapped sample. If necessary, the maximum value of multiple types of inclusions can also be determined. Measure the maximum value of oxides, sulfides, silicates, point-shaped non-metallic inclusions, titanium carbonitride and other inclusions. Extreme value analysis method is also available It is used to determine the characteristics of other microstructures, such as the extreme value of the graphite ball size in ductile cast iron, and the maximum value of carbides in tool steel and bearing steel. Large particle size and maximum diameter of crystal grains. The distribution characteristics of foreign inclusions in steel are not easy to predict, and other non-destructive testing methods, such as ultrasonic flaw detection, should be used to determine. Determination of the content of non-metallic inclusions in steel Extreme value analysis

1 Scope

This document specifies the sample preparation, inclusion inspection, extreme value calculation, extreme value graph drawing, and data for the extreme value analysis method of non-metallic inclusions in steel Effectiveness analysis, difference evaluation and test report, etc. This document is applicable to the extreme value analysis of non-metallic inclusions in steel, steel ingots and continuous casting slabs. The characteristic values of other microstructures can also be referred to use. This document is not applicable to the extreme value analysis of foreign non-metallic inclusions.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the indispensable clauses of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, dated quotations Only the version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to This document. GB/T 10561 Standard Determination of Non-metallic Inclusions in Steel Grading Chart Microscopic Inspection Method GB/T 13298 Metal Microstructure Inspection Method GB/T 30067 Metallographic Terms

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 30067 apply to this document. 3.1 Extremevaluedistribution The probability density function of the characteristic value x of the largest inclusion measured on a specific area or volume meets the formula (1), then a continuous random variable x has a maximum distribution of binary parameters (Gumbel). f(x)= δ exp- x-λ In equations (1) and (2), x represents the maximum feret diameter, which can be the size of the largest inclusion in each inspection area Ao (Length, diameter, or area), assuming y= x-λ (3) From equation (3), equation (4) and equation (5) can be derived. F(y)=exp[-exp(-y)] (4) x=δy λ (5) Where. λ---The positioning parameter of the extreme value distribution function (equivalent to the size of the initial inclusion); ......

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Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:

Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB/T 40281-2021_English be delivered?

Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB/T 40281-2021_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 3 ~ 5 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.

Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB/T 40281-2021_English with my colleagues?

Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of GB/T 40281-2021_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually pays for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet.

Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?

Answer: Yes. Our tax invoice, downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, includes all tax/VAT and complies with 100+ countries' tax regulations (tax exempted in 100+ countries) -- See Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs): List of DTAs signed between Singapore and 100+ countries

Question 4: Do you accept my currency other than USD?

Answer: Yes. If you need your currency to be printed on the invoice, please write an email to Sales@ChineseStandard.net. In 2 working-hours, we will create a special link for you to pay in any currencies. Otherwise, follow the normal steps: Add to Cart -- Checkout -- Select your currency to pay.