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GB/T 22726-2008 English PDF

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GB/T 22726-2008: Specification for multichannel digital audio coding technology
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GB/T 22726-20082389 Add to Cart 10 days Specification for multichannel digital audio coding technology Valid

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Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 22726-2008 (GB/T22726-2008)
Description (Translated English): Specification for multichannel digital audio coding technology
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: L71
Classification of International Standard: 35.040
Word Count Estimation: 109,182
Date of Issue: 2008-12-22
Date of Implementation: 2009-06-01
Quoted Standard: GB/T 17975.1-2000; GB/T 4880.2-2000; ISO/IEC 8859-1: 1998
Regulation (derived from): Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 23 of 2008 (No. 136 overall)
Issuing agency(ies): General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Summary: This standard specifies the multi-channel digital audio compression codec technology solutions, including: stream format (syntactic structure and semantic), the decoding process as well as various technical requirements for decoding technology module, and uses the technology of encoding section provides information recommendations and implementation. This standard applies to the limited capacity of the storage medium or limited bandwidth channels, saving or transferring high-quality multi -channel digital audio, such as digital audio broadcasting, digital television (including satellite, terrestrial and cable transmission in different ways), home audio, digital cinema, laser disc player, Internet streaming, personal multimedia player.

GB/T 22726-2008: Specification for multichannel digital audio coding technology

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Specification for multichannel digital audio coding technology ICS 35.040 L71 National Standards of People's Republic of China Multichannel digital audio codec specification Released on.2008-12-22 2009-06-01 implementation General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China China National Standardization Administration issued

Content

Preface VII Introduction VIII 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions, abbreviations 1 3.1 Terms and Definitions 1 3.2 Abbreviations 3 4 Overview 4 4.1 Code 4 4.2 decoding 5 5 syntactic structure 5 5.1 Function 5 5.2 code stream 7 5.3 Frame 7 5.4 Frame Head 8 5.5 window sequence 9 5.6 Codebook selection and application range 10 5.7 Quantization factor of subband samples 11 5.8 Quantization step index 14 5.9 and difference coding decision 14 5.10 Joint strength coding scale factor 15 5.11 bit stuffing 15 5.12 Auxiliary data 15 6 Semantics 15 6.1 code stream 15 6.2 Frame 15 6.3 Frame Header 16 6.4 window sequence 19 6.5 code book selection and application range 20 6.6 Quantization factor for subband samples 21 6.7 Quantization step index 22 6.8 and difference encoding decision 22 6.9 Joint strength coding scale factor 23 6.10 bit stuffing 23 6.11 Auxiliary data 23 7 decoding 23 7.1 channel emissions and settings 23 7.2 Solution cross recombination 24 7.3 Rebuilding the number of quantized units 26 7.4 inverse quantization 27 7.5 Joint Strength Decoding 27 7.6 and/difference decoding 28 7.7 Variable Resolution Synthesis Filter Bank 29 7.8 Reconstructing the short/temp window function sequence 33 8 Multiplexing audio streams in MPEGTS 36 Appendix A (informative) Related coding techniques 37 A. 1 Transient analysis 37 A. 2 human ear hearing model 37 A. 3 global bit allocation 37 A. 4 Huffman code code book selection 37 A. 5 and/difference code 39 A. 6 joint strength code 39 Appendix B (Normative Appendix) Schedule 41 for Decoding B. 1 Quantization step size table 41 B. 2 Critical Band Table 43 B. 3 Huffman code table 51 for decoding the length of the transient segment B. 4 Decoding codebook selection and application range Huffman code table 51 B. 5 decoding Huffman code table for quantization step index 53 B. 6 Huffman code table 57 for decoding quantization factor quotient width B. 7 Huffman code table 57 for decoding steady-state quantization factors B. 8 Huffman Code Table 75 for Decoding Transient Quantization Factor Appendix C (Normative Appendix) Multiplexing Audio Streams in MPEGTS 94 C. 1 Stream_ID 94 C. 2 Stream_Type 94 C. 3 DRA Registration Descriptor (DRAregistrationdescriptor) 94 C. 4 DRA Audio Stream Descriptor (DRAaudiostreamdescriptor) 94 C. 5 STD audio buffer size 96 C. 6 byte alignment 96 Appendix D (informative appendix) under the mix 97 D. 1 Downmix formula and coefficient 97 D. 1.1 1/0 mode 97 D. 1.2 2/0Lo/Ro mode 97 D. 1.3 2/0Lt/Rt mode 97 D. 1.4 3/2/15.1 Surround Sound Down Mode 97 Reference 98 Figure 1 coding principle block diagram 4 Figure 2 decoding principle block diagram 5 Figure 3 Window function of a variable resolution synthesis filter bank 32 Figure 4 Some examples of window function conversion 33 Figure A. 1 The difference between the codebook selection method of this standard Huffman code and other technologies 38 Figure A. 2 Excluding some isolated small code segments 39 Table 1 Code 4 Table 2 decoding 5 Table 3 Special function definition 6 Table 4 Frame Structure 16 Table 5 Data structure of normal channel 16 Table 6 Data Structure of Low Frequency Enhancement Channels 16 Table 7 Frame Head Type 16 Table 8 Differences between the two frame headers 17 Table 9 Number of bits used to decode audio data frame length 17 Table 10 Sampling frequency supported by this standard 17 Table 11 Number of bits used to decode the number of normal channels 18 Table 12 Number of bits used to decode the low-frequency enhanced channel number 18 Table 13 Additional information for channel settings is determined 18 Table 14 and difference encoding decision 18 Table 15 Joint strength coding decision 19 Table 16 Window Function Index 19 Table 17 Number of transient segments 19 Table 18 Implicit length of transient segments of a stationary frame 20 Table 19 The starting position of the first transient segment and the position where the first transient occurs 20 Table 20 Huffman codebook selection for decoding codebook application range 20 Table 21 Huffman codebook selection for decoding codebook index 21 Table 22 Huffman codebook selection for decoding quantization factor 21 Table 23 Number of bits required to decode the number of packed quotients Huffman codebook selection 21 Table 24 Variables used to decode the quantization factor 22 Table 25 Huffman Code Book Selection for Decoding Quantization Step Index Table 26 Variables used in decoding and difference coding decisions 22 Table 27 Decisions for complete no and differential coding 22 Table 28 and difference encoding decision 23 Table 29 Default Normal Channel Settings 23 Table 30 Representation of common channel settings 24 Table 31 Emission sequence of audio data for each channel in an audio frame 24 Table 32 5.1 Emission sequence of surround audio data in audio frames 24 Table 33 Sub-band samples in natural order 25 Table 34 Subband samples in the order of cross recombination 25 Table 35 Variables used in cross-reorganization 26 Table 36 Variables used to reconstruct the number of quantized units 27 Table 37 Variables used for inverse quantization 27 Table 38 Variables used in joint strength decoding 28 Table 39 and the variables used in the/decoding decoding 29 Table 40. Selectable window functions at and after the location where the transient occurs 33 Table 41 Variables used to reconstruct a sequence of short MDCT window functions 36 Table B. 1 Quantization step size table 41 Table B. 2 critical band. 8000Hz, long window 43 Table B. 3 critical band. 8000Hz, short window 43 Table B. 4 critical band. 11025Hz, long window 43 Table B. 5 critical band. 11025Hz, short window 44 Table B. 6 critical band. 12000Hz, long window 44 Table B. 7 critical band. 12000Hz, short window 44 Table B. 8 critical band. 16000Hz, long window 45 Table B. 9 critical band. 16000Hz, short window 45 Table B. 10 critical band. 22050Hz, long window 45 Table B. 11 critical band. 22050Hz, short window 46 Table B. 12 critical band. 24000Hz, long window 46 Table B. 13 critical band. 24000Hz, short window 46 Table B. 14 critical band. 32000Hz, long window 47 Table B. 15 critical band. 32000Hz, short window 47 Table B. 16 critical band. 44100Hz, long window 47 Table B. 17 critical band. 44100Hz, short window 48 Table B. 18 critical band. 48000Hz, long window 48 Table B. 19 critical band. 48000Hz, short window 48 Table B. 20 critical band. 88200Hz, long window 49 Table B. 21 critical band. 88200Hz, short window 49 Table B. 22 critical band. 96000 Hz, long window 49 Table B. 23 critical band. 96000 Hz, short window 50 Table B. 24 critical band. 176400Hz, long window 50 Table B. 25 critical band. 176400Hz, short window 50 Table B. 26 critical band. 192000Hz, long window 50 Table B. 27 critical band. 192000Hz, short window 51 Table B. 28 HuffDec1_7x1 51 Table B. 29 HuffDec2_64x1 51 Table B. 30 HuffDec3_32x1 52 Table B. 31 HuffDec4_18x1 53 Table B. 32 HuffDec5_18x1 53 Table B. 33 HuffDec6_116x1 53 Table B. 34 HuffDec7_116x1 55 Table B. 35 HuffDec8_16x1 57 Table B. 36 HuffDec9_16x1 57 Table B. 37 HuffDec10_81x4 57 Table B. 38 HuffDec11_25x2 59 Table B. 39 HuffDec12_81x2 59 Table B. 40 HuffDec13_289x2 60 Table B. 41 HuffDec14_31x1 64 Table B. 42 HuffDec15_63x1 65 Table B. 43 HuffDec16_127x1 66 Table B. 44 HuffDec17_255x1 68 Table B. 45 HuffDec18_256x1 71 Table B. 46 HuffDec19_81x4 75 Table B. 47 HuffDec20_25x2 76 Table B. 48 HuffDec21_81x2 77 Table B. 49 HuffDec22_289x2 78 Table B. 50 HuffDec23_31x1 82 Table B. 51 HuffDec24_63x1 83 Table B. 52 HuffDec25_127x1 84 Table B. 53 HuffDec26_255x1 86 Table B. 54 HuffDec27_256x1 89 Table C. 1 DRA registration descriptor 94 Table C. 2 DRA Audio Stream Descriptor 95

Foreword

Appendix A and Appendix D of this standard are informative annexes, and Appendix B and Appendix C are normative appendices. This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Audio, Video and Multimedia Systems and Equipment Standardization Technical Committee. This standard was drafted. Guangzhou Guangsheng Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Digital Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., China Electronic Technology Standardization Research Research Institute, China Hualu Group Corporation. The main drafters of this standard. You Yuli, Zhang Xingang, Xu Mao, Lun Jihao, Zhang Yuxiong, Yan Jianxin, Jiang Tian, Zhang Jingping, Zheng Chusheng, Zhang Pei, Zhang Shuhua, Zhang Subing, Han Jianguo, Yang Zhen, Fan Kefeng.

Introduction

In order to meet the needs of China's growing digital audio and video industry, to meet high-quality multi-channel digital audio in different application fields This code is required for the coding of signals. This standard is based on the audio codec algorithm developed by the independent research and development. Process, software and hardware implementation, test verification and other processes. The multi-channel digital audio codec technology specified in this standard can be saved or transmitted on a limited-capacity storage medium or a limited-bandwidth channel. Send high quality multi-channel digital audio signals. The signal channel of the digital audio codec technology scheme specified in this standard can maintain accuracy of more than 24 bits (except for the intention of quantization) Discard the precision). Supported channel settings in addition to common stereo, 5.1 surround, 6.1 surround and 7.1 surround sound Space is reserved for future audio technology development (up to 64.3 surround sound). This standard can support from 8kHz to 192kHz Standard sampling frequency, such as 44.1kHz, 48kHz and 96kHz. This standard does not explicitly limit the encoding bit rate (code rate). The body application can be set according to factors such as channel bandwidth and sound quality requirements. The issuing body of this standard draws attention to the fact that when the statement conforms to this standard, the following related patents may be used. Multi-channel digital audio coding device and method thereof (Chinese Patent No..200510095898.6, US Patent Application No. US11/ 029722); Audio coding system (Chinese Patent Application No..200710141663.5, US Patent Application No. US 11/669346); Variable resolution processing based on frame data (Chinese Patent Application No..200710141662.0, US Patent Application No. US 11/ 558917); Audio decoding (Chinese Patent Application No..200710141661.6, US Patent Application No. US 11/689371). The issuing body of this standard does not give any opinion on the scope, validity and verification of patents. The patent holder has assured the issuing authority of this standard that they are willing to work with any applicant under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions. Negotiate with a license. In this regard, the patent holder's statement has been submitted to the issuing body of this standard. Relevant information Available from the following address. Patent applicant or transferee. Guangzhou Guangsheng Digital Technology Co., Ltd.; Contact. Wang Xianwen; Address. 6th Floor, Building 2, Science Park, North District, South China University of Technology, Energy Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou; Postal code. 510640; Tel. 020-22237078; Fax. 020-22237189. Please note that in addition to the patents identified above, some of the contents of this standard may involve patents. The issuing body of this standard does not Responsible for identifying these patents. Multichannel digital audio codec specification

1 Scope

This standard specifies multi-channel digital audio compression codec technology solutions, including. code stream format (syntactic structure and semantics), decoding process And the technical requirements of each decoding technology module, and provide information suggestions and implementation methods for the coding part using the technology. This standard applies to the storage or transmission of high quality multi-channel digital audio over a limited-capacity storage medium or a limited bandwidth channel. Such as digital audio broadcasting, digital TV (including satellite, terrestrial and cable, etc.), home audio, digital cinema, laser disc Machine, network streaming media, personal multimedia player.

2 Normative references

The terms in the following documents become the terms of this standard by reference to this standard. All dated references, followed by all Modifications (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to study Is it possible to use the latest version of these files? For undated references, the latest edition applies to this standard. GB/T 17975.1-2000 Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and their associated audio signals - Part 1 IEC 13818-1.1996) GB/T 4880.2-2000 Language name code Part 2. 3-letter code (eqv ISO 639-2.1998) Information technology - Eight-bit single-byte coded graphic character set - Part 1. Latin alphabet 1 3 terms and definitions, abbreviations The following terms and definitions, abbreviations apply to this standard. 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 A bit sequence (data) used to represent the original audio signal after encoding. 3.1.2 Enter the PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) sample of the encoder or output decoder. 3.1.3 Includes data such as timecode that are not part of the audio signal itself, but are related to it. 3.1.4 A sequence of bits representing the original audio signal produced by an encoder conforming to this standard. 3.1.5 The total length is 256 samples, but only the window function of MDCT (Improved Cosine Transform) of 160 samples is used. 3.1.6 The human ear's mathematical model of sound resolution can be approximated by a subband filter bank whose bandwidth increases with frequency. The approximate index rises. A subband of this filter bank is called a critical band. 3.1.7 To obtain a matrix calculation of N channels for less than N channels, see Appendix D. 3.1.8 Audio data representing an audio signal of one frame produced by an encoder conforming to this standard. It is the basic form of the code stream that constitutes this standard. Bit. One frame of this standard can cover 128, 256, 512 or 1024 audio samples. 3.1.9 The audio data at the beginning of a frame of this standard, including the sync word and the word describing the characteristics of the audio signal, such as the sampling rate, positive The number of constant channels, the number of LFE (low frequency enhancement) channels, and so on. 3.1.10 A limited bandwidth (< 300 Hz) channel for low frequency sound effects in a multi-channel system. 3.1.11 A window function of MDCT with a length of 2048 samples. 3.1.12 Apply a set of frequency domain coefficients or subband samples generated by a single MDCT. Or, accordingly, enter a new set of audio samples for the MDCT. The MDCT blocks used in this standard contain 128 and 1024 audio samples or sub-band samples, respectively. 3.1.13 Channels other than the low frequency enhancement channel. 3.1.14 A value in quantized step size generated by the quantized subband samples. 3.1.15 The step size used to quantize the subband samples. 3.1.16 A rectangle bounded by a critical band in the frequency domain and a transient segment in the time domain; all subband samples within this rectangle are identical Quantization unit. 3.1.17 A window function of MDCT with a length of 256 samples. 3.1.18 A word of a sub-band sample that does not represent a sub-band of audio data is only assisted in decoding. 3.1.19 There is no transient audio sample in one frame. 3.1.20 A set of frequency domain coefficients generated by the MDCT is applied. 3.1.21 A sub-band sample defined by time. 3.1.22 A word indicating the beginning of an audio frame. 3.1.23 A subband segment with similar statistical properties. In a transient frame, the starting position of the transient segment is usually the location where the transient occurs. In a smooth frame, the whole The frame audio sample or subband is a transient segment. 3.1.24 A frame has transient audio or subband samples. 3.1.25 For transient frames, indicate where the transient occurred. 3.1.26 A frame with 1024 audio sample points is a typical frame. 3.1.27 The smallest semantic unit of audio data produced by the encoder of this standard. 3.2 Abbreviations LFE (LowFrequencyEnhancement) low frequency enhancement Modified discrete cosine transform of MDCT (Modified DiscreteCosineTransform) PCM (PulseCodeModulation) pulse code modulation

4 Overview

4.1 coding The main components of the code are shown in Figure 1 and Table 1. Appendix A gives a more detailed description of some of these technologies. Note. The solid line represents audio data and the dashed line represents control/auxiliary information. Figure 1 coding principle block diagram Table 1 coding Coding module function Transient detection detects if the input PCM sample contains a transient response Variable resolution analysis filter bank The PCM samples of the audio signal of each channel are decomposed into sub-band signals. Time-frequency resolution of the filter bank Determined by the results of transient detection Cross reorganization When there is a transient in the frame, it is used to reorganize the order of the subband samples in order to reduce the total amount needed to transmit them. Number of bits The human ear hearing model calculates the noise masking threshold of the human ear Optional sum/difference encoding converts sub-band samples of left and right channel pairs into sum/difference channel pairs The optional joint intensity coding uses the human ear's high-frequency sound image localization characteristics to intensity encode the high-frequency components of the joint channel. Global bit allocation allocates bit resources to individual quantization units such that their quantization noise power is lower than the masking threshold of the human ear Linear scalar quantization quantizes subband samples within each quantization unit using the quantization step size provided by the global bit allocation Code book selection Grouping the quantization factors based on local statistical features of the quantization factor and selecting the best codebook from the codebook library Out to each group of quantifiers Quantization factor coding uses the codebook to select the selected codebook and its application range to perform Huffman coding on all quantization factors. Multiplexing packs the Huffman code and auxiliary information of all quantization factors into a complete bit stream 4.2 decoding The main components of decoding are shown in Figure 2 and Table 2. Table 2 decoding Decoding module function Multiple demultiplexing Each codeword is unpacked from the bitstream. Since the Huffman code is a prefi......
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