GB 21377-2015 English PDFUS$419.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 4 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. GB 21377-2015: Tri-wheel vehicles -- Limits and measurement methods for fuel consumption Status: Valid GB 21377: Historical versions
Basic dataStandard ID: GB 21377-2015 (GB21377-2015)Description (Translated English): Tri-wheel vehicles -- Limits and measurement methods for fuel consumption Sector / Industry: National Standard Classification of Chinese Standard: T54 Classification of International Standard: 65.060 Word Count Estimation: 20,225 Date of Issue: 2015-07-03 Date of Implementation: 2015-10-01 Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GB 21377-2008 Quoted Standard: GB 21378-2015; GB/T 24945; GB/T 24948 Regulation (derived from): National Standard Announcement 2015 No.22 Issuing agency(ies): General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China Summary: This Standard specifies the three-wheeled vehicle fuel consumption limits, measurement conditions, measurement, calculation of fuel consumption, production consistency check, the implementation of standards. This Standard applies to three cars. GB 21377-2015: Tri-wheel vehicles -- Limits and measurement methods for fuel consumption---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.Tri-wheel vehicles.Limits and measurement methods for fuel consumption ICS 65.060 T54 National Standards of People's Republic of China Replacing GB 21377-2008 Three vehicle fuel consumption limits and measurement methods fuelconsumption Published 2015-07-03 2015-10-01 implementation Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China issued ForewordAll technical contents of this standard is mandatory. This standard was drafted in accordance with rules GB/T 1.1-2009 given. This standard replaces GB 21377-2008 "three vehicle fuel consumption limits and measurement methods." This standard and GB/T 21377- The main changes compared to 2008 are as follows. --- Normative application file for adjustment and reconfirmation; --- Measurements adjusted using the chassis dynamometer, and adjust the corresponding fuel consumption limits; --- Increased fuel consumption calculation; --- Increased production conformance requirements; --- Increase the implementation of standards requirements. The standard proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation. The low standard by the National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC234) centralized. This standard is drafted by. National Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of farm machinery, industrial machinery and farm vehicles, tractors Product Quality Inspection Heart, National Tractor Quality Supervision and Inspection Center. Participated in the drafting of this standard. Shandong Shifeng (Group) Co., Ltd., Shandong five levy Group Co., Ltd., Fukuda Lovol International Heavy Industry Zhucheng Vehicle Plant Co., Ltd. Shandong double force of the vehicle, Ltd. Henan gallop. The main drafters. Zhang Xian wins, Lv Shusheng, Min Haitao, in Chi Lang, Chen Ge, Guan Peng, Lin Lianhua, Xia Wang Min, Ren Chenghua Palace Zengmin, Tang Xilin. This standard superseded previous editions case. --- GB 21377-2008. Three vehicle fuel consumption limits and measurement methods1 ScopeThis standard specifies the three-wheeled automobile fuel consumption limit, measurement conditions, methods of measurement, fuel consumption calculations, production consistency inspection Investigation, the implementation of standards. This standard applies to three cars.2 Normative referencesThe following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only applies to the version dated paper Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document. GB 21378-2015 low-speed vehicle fuel consumption limits and measurement methods GB/T 24945 three cars General technical conditions GB/T 24948 wheel vehicles and low-speed vehicles vocabulary3 Terms and DefinitionsGB/T 24948 and defined by the following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Gaseous pollutants gaseouscontaminant Exhaust pollutants carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). NOTE. hydrocarbons (HC) represents carbon equivalent (assuming hydrocarbon ratio 1.1.86), nitrogen oxides (NOx) to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) equivalent. 3.2 Particulate matter particulate According to the test method described in Appendix A, at a maximum temperature of 325K (52 ℃) of the diluted exhaust gas, shall be prescribed by the filter media collection The exhaust gas composition. 3.3 Exhaust pollutants exhaustpolutants Exhaust pipe of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. 3.4 Equivalent inertia equivalentinertia Movement and moment of inertia of the equivalent mass on the chassis dynamometer with inertia simulator simulates three car driving. 3.5 Reference quality referencemass Three cars "curb weight" plus 100kg.4 Limits of Fuel ConsumptionIn the three-wheeled vehicles in line with GB/T 24945 requirements prescribed under, three vehicle fuel consumption should not exceed the limits specified in Table 1. Table 1 three vehicle fuel consumption limit Maximum design The total mass M kg Cylinder diesel engine fitted three-wheeled car Fuel Consumption Limits L/100km Multi-cylinder diesel engine fitted three-wheeled car Fuel Consumption Limits L/100km Type Approval production consistency check type approval Conformity of Production M≤1000 4.8 5.0 4.6 4.8 1000 \u003cM≤1500 5.5 5.7 5.2 5.5 1500 \u003cM≤2000 6.6 6.9 6.3 6.6 2000 \u003cM≤3000 7.7 8.1 7.3 7.75 measurement conditions5.1 Test wheel vehicles 5.1.1 before the test were asked to test three-wheeled automobile manufacturer technical documentation shall be running, and in a normal state of operation. 5.1.2 the manufacturer according to the requirements of technical documents and three car adjusting engine operating member. Special attention should be idle setting, cold starting device And adjust the exhaust emission control system of contaminants. 5.1.3 Check tightness of the intake system and fuel supply system, to ensure that the mixture will not be affected by accidental intake. 5.1.4 measured three-wheeled vehicles should be consistent with GB/T 24945 requirements, and consistent with the attendant technical file, before the test should be able to determine the three-wheeled vehicles No running under normal driving conditions, particularly the ability to achieve normal start. 5.1.5 before the test, three-wheeled vehicles should be kept at a temperature preheated to 293K ~ 303K (20 ℃ ~ 30 ℃) room, until hair Within the lubricant and coolant temperature motivation to reach room temperature range of ± 2K. At the manufacturer's request, three-wheeled vehicles in accordance with the provisions of Appendix B of the low speed operation cycle requirements, pre-operation cycle of four Heat treatment. 5.1.6 During the test, subjects were three cars structure and properties of each assembly, accessories and attachments should be in working condition. 5.1.7 three cars were tested thermostat Radiator fan should be in normal working condition. 5.1.8 Test used in precision instruments and equipment should meet the measurement accuracy requirements, and within their calibration validity. 5.1.9 All anomalies occur during the test shall be documented and written reports. 5.2 precision equipment Test equipment used in precision measurement accuracy shall meet the following requirements, and within their calibration validity. --- Fuel consumption. 0.5%; --- Speed. 1%; --- speed. 0.5%; --- Time. 0.1s; --- Distance. 0.1%; --- Quality. 1%; --- Temperature. 1 ℃; --- atmospheric pressure. 0.2kPa; --- Tire pressure. 10kPa; --- Other. 2%. 5.3 coolant, lubricant (grease) and brake fluid When measured using a coolant, lubricant (grease) and brake fluid, etc., should be consistent with the technical documentation or the car industry standards and existing national regulations Set; the same measure should be used the same batch of coolant, lubricating oil (grease) and brake fluid. 5.4 Tire Measurement of the tire may not have accumulated mud and oil, and the pressure should be consistent with the provisions of the vehicle or tire pressure label technical documents, the maximum error The difference does not exceed ± 10kPa. 5.5 Fuel The test with a predetermined fuel GB 21378-2015 Appendix C.6 Measurement MethodsTest cycle on a chassis dynamometer 6.1 Operating cycle three-wheeled vehicles according to the provisions of Appendix A be set in accordance with Appendix B of the test cycle. 6.2 test device 6.2.1 Chassis dynamometer Chassis dynamometer properties should meet the requirements of this standard and test requirements of the relevant standards. When measuring fuel consumption measurement systems for fuel consumption, distance traveled and time should be synchronized. 6.2.2 Method and apparatus for measuring fuel consumption 6.2.2.1 Fuel consumption can be measured flow rate measurement method or carbon balance measurement method. The method chosen depends on the measurement method of each Features. 6.2.2.2 fuel consumption measuring equipment should be installed to ensure that should not interfere with or change the three cars in any case the fuel supply system Oil supply situation, and it should ensure that the engine performance is not affected. 6.2.2.3 transition from the normal fuel supply system to the measuring system should be realized through the valve system, the conversion time should not be greater than 0.2s. 6.2.2.4 during the test does not allow multiple engines or three cars any changes or adjustments. 6.3 Fuel consumption measurement After four continuous low speed and a high-speed loop cycle test section, fuel consumption measured as a measurement of the vehicle's value. 6.4 determine the measurement results 6.4.1 Continuous measurement of fuel consumption by 6.3, the arithmetic average of three measured values as the final result. 6.4.2 each idling period to allow no more than 60s after the measurement, the measurement is not performed during the idling fuel consumption. 6.4.3 If the maximum difference between the measured value does not exceed 5% of the average of the measurements, the results of this measurement is valid, or should be measured again Volume, A values calculated according to 6.4.4 not more than 5%. 6.4.4 A value according to equation (1). A = K × FC (1) Where. K values in Table 2. Table 2 K values table n 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 K 3.2 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.3 1.6 1.25 1.06 0.94 0.85 0.77 0.73 n --- number of measurements; s --- standard deviation according to equation (2). s = Σ (FC-FCi) n-1 (2) Fuel consumption FCi --- i-th measurement in units of liters per hundred one thousand meters (L/100km); FC --- FC arithmetic mean of the n-th value, expressed in liters per hundred one thousand meters (L/100km). 6.4.5 If after 10 measurements, A value is still greater than 5%, should be replaced by three other cars of the same model will be. 6.4.6 Fuel consumption measurement results to two decimal places, the final result after rounding to one decimal place.7 Calculation of fuel consumption7.1 Carbon Balance Method 7.1.1 Calculation of fuel consumption Carbon balance method using the fuel consumption FC according to formula (3) Calculated. FCi = .1155 × [(0.429 × MCO) (0.866 × MHC) (0.273 × MCO2)] (3) Where. FCi --- i-th fuel consumption in liters per hundred one thousand meters (L/100km); MHC --- hydrocarbon emissions measured in grams per kilometer (g/km); MCO --- carbon monoxide emissions measured in grams per kilometer (g/km); MCO2 --- carbon dioxide emissions measured in grams per kilometer (g/km); ρ --- 288K (15 ℃) density of the fuel under test, in kilograms per liter (kg/L). 7.1.2 Calculation of emissions of gaseous pollutants Emissions of gaseous pollutants by the formula (4) is calculated. Mj = Vmix × Qj × Cj × 10-6 (4) Where. Pollutant emissions Mj --- j, expressed in grams per kilometer (g/km); Vmix --- each test corrected to standard conditions (273.2K and 101.33kPa) diluted exhaust gas volume, in liters (L); Qj --- standard conditions (273.2K and 101.33kPa) j lower pollutant density in grams per liter (g/L); Cj --- diluted concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas j (where the average concentration of HC emissions calculated according to the requirements of 7.1.3.5), press dilute Content of the release of pollutants in the air j is corrected to represent the volume fraction (10-6). Cj as percentage by volume, The coefficient of 10-6 10-2 by the substitution; S --- distance traveled during the test cycle, the unit in kilometers (km). 7.1.3 Determination of gaseous pollutants volume 7.1.3.1 Variable dilution device when using orifice or venturi flow control constant calculation volume, volume flow continuously records show Parameters, and calculate the total volume of the test period. 7.1.3.2 When using a positive displacement pump volume calculation, (5) diluted exhaust gas volume calculated by the formula include positive displacement pump in the system. V = V0 × N (5) Where. V --- each test diluted exhaust gas volume (before correction), in liters (L); Under test conditions the volume V0 --- pumped out of the gas volume in liters per revolution (L/r); N --- the number of revolutions of each test, in revolutions (r). 7.1.3.3 The diluted exhaust gas volume corrected to standard conditions. By the formula (6) diluted exhaust gas volume correction. Vmix = V × K1 × Pp Tp (6) Where. K1 = 273.2 101.33 = 2.6961 (K × kPa-1) Where. Absolute pressure Pp --- displacement pump inlet, in units of kilopascals (kPa); The average temperature entering the positive displacement pump during the test Tp --- diluted exhaust gas, expressed in Kelvin (K). 7.1.3.4 sampling bag corrected concentration of pollutants according to equation (7) Calculated. Cj = Ce-Cd1- DF ÷ (7) Where. Cj --- diluted air pollutant j content after correction concentration of pollutants in the diluted exhaust gas j (volume fraction),%; Ce --- j diluted exhaust pollutants measured concentration (volume fraction),%; Cd --- j dilution air pollutants measured concentration (volume fraction),%; DF --- dilution factor. Dilution factor according to equation (8) Calculated. DF = 13.4 CCO2 (CCO CHC) × 10-4 (8) Where. CCO2 --- sampling bag concentration of CO2 in the diluted exhaust gas (volume fraction),%; CHC --- diluted exhaust gas sampling bag HC concentration (volume fraction), 10-6 to C meter; CCO --- sampling bags diluted exhaust gas CO concentration (volume fraction), 10-6. The average concentration 7.1.3.5 HC emissions according to formula (9) Calculated. Ce = t2 t1 CHCdt t2-t1 (9) Where. t2 t1 CHCdt --- heated FID profiling points (t2-t1) inside during the test; Ce --- HC concentration of the diluted exhaust sample gas records obtained by integrating the curve HC (volume fraction), 10-6 to C meter. 7.2 Flow Method Then the meter (or other flow test equipment) on the fuel pipe, continuous measurement of fuel consumption by 6.3, read the measured after the completion of a measurement The amount of the instrument reading is the fuel consumption of the measurements.8 Conformity of Production8.1 As a general rule, three cars in terms of fuel consumption of the production consistency of assurance measures should be based on the test results report Content based on the value and type approval. 8.2 Conformity of Production test finger drawn in three automobile manufacturers mass-produced product in three cars, and in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 6 Test, it was confirmed that the fuel consumption and compliance Table 1. 8.3 If a model has several extended models, conformity of production tests shall be described in the initial type testing of the application materials base car Progressive type. If the base model has been discontinued initial type testing, conformity of production tests are carried out on an expansion models. 8.4 Type certification body to determine the kind of car after three cars, three car manufacturers can not be extracted for three cars make any adjustments. 8.5 Notwithstanding the requirements of 5.1.1, the test can be extracted from the production line in three cars off the assembly line in the sample qualified the car directly. 8.6 If the manufacturer requirements, according to the manufacturer's specifications running were running, but not for three cars to make any adjustments. 8.7 5.5 conformance test should be used with a predetermined reference fuel. 8.8 If the product extracted from the bulk sample vehicles can not meet the requirements of Table 1, according to three automobile manufacturing companies require pumping from batch products Take several prototypes, including the original sample vehicles were measured. Conformity of Production testing organization shall determine the number of samples n. N extraction units The arithmetic mean x and the standard fuel consumption measurements like vehicle deviation s, if meet the requirements of the formula (10), and then consider the inspection agency Product meets the conformance requirements. Or that the batch of products do not meet the requirements of the conformity of production. xk × s≤L (10) Where. L --- three vehicle fuel consumption specified in Table 1 of the different engine assembly limits; K --- statistical coefficient varies with n, are given in Table 3, if n≥20, then k = 0.860 Table 3 statistical coefficient n 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 k 0.973 0.613 0.489 0.421 0.376 0.342 0.317 0.296 0.279 n 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 k 0.265 0.253 0.242 0.233 0.224 0.216 0.210 0.203 0.198 s --- standard deviation, according to equation (11) calculated as follows. s = n-1Σ i = 1 (Xi-x) 2 (11) X --- arithmetic mean, calculated according to formula (12). x = nΣ i = 1 xi (12) Measurements xi --- any kind of car. Example 9 Standard From the date of implementation of this standard, where the fuel consumption type-approval of three-wheeled vehicles shall comply with the provisions of this standard. In the implementation of this standard Before the date, you can apply for type approval and approval in accordance with the relevant requirements of this standard. For the requirements of this standard by the type-approval of three-wheeled vehicles, which produce consistency checks performed since the date of its adoption. One year since the date of implementation of the standards, all manufacturing and sales of three-wheeled car, the fuel consumption indicators should be consistent with the production of a standard Check the consistency limits.Appendix A(Normative) Three vehicle fuel consumption measurement A.1 on the chassis dynamometer operation cycle On the chassis dynamometer operation cycle in accordance with Appendix B requirements. A.2 general conditions of operation cycle When necessary, before the test run test run cycle, to determine how to properly operate the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal, so that the actual cycle Central and close to the theoretical cycle within the prescribed tolerances. A.3 transmission use A.3.1 If the transmission gear Ⅰ can reach maximum speed of less than 10km/h, then use Ⅱ gear or technical documents recommended gear. When the three-wheeled vehicles can not reach acceleration and maximum speed values required for the operation cycle, the accelerator pedal should be riding in the end completely until three Car to return to the required operating curve. Availability deviate operation cycle shall be recorded in the test report. A.3.2 When the test should be used during normal driving gear used, according to the manufacturer's instructions using the gear. A.3.3 If a launch vehicle engine idling is higher than the low speed operation cycle unit No. 4, No. 9 and No. 16 during operation Machine speed, at the request of the manufacturer, the number during the previous operation, the clutch can be disengaged. A.4 Tolerances A.4.1 acceleration, constant speed and deceleration with the brakes, the vehicle speed and the theoretical speed indicates the allowable tolerance of ± 2km/h. Without the use of the brake, the Deceleration too fast, it can only use A.7.4.3 requirements. When conditions change, the speed may be greater than a predetermined tolerance value, but each of tolerance of Time is not greater than 1s. A.4.2 time tolerance of ± 1s. The tolerances applicable to the start and end o......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB 21377-2015_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB 21377-2015_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 2 ~ 4 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB 21377-2015_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. 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